2. NOAA Coastal Services Center Marine and Coastal Framework Data Ocean Data Model Working Group October 4-5, 2001

3. Current and accurate geospatial coastal and ocean data will be readily available to contribute locally, nationally, and globally to economic growth, environmental quality and stability, and social progress. The Center is committed to the development of this framework. The Vision of Coastal NSDI

4. The National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) Clearinghouse - need to find and access data Metadata - need to know characteristics of data Framework - need for common sets of data Standards/Technology - need to transfer and integrate data Partnerships - need to leverage resources A Foundation of Common Interests and Needs

5. The Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) is an interagency committee, organized in 1990 under OMB Circular A-16, that promotes the coordinated use, sharing, and dissemination of geospatial data on a national basis. Federal Geographic Data Committee

6. Framework Approach commonly used base data Governmental Units Geodetic Control Transportation Elevation and Bathymetry Hydrography Cadastral (Parcels/Boundaries) Orthoimagery (DOQ)

7. ArcGIS Data Model Development Adminstrative Boundaries/Census Basemap Biodiversity Defense Energy Utilities Environmental Regulated Facilities Forestry Land Parcels Petroleum Telecommunications Transportation Water Utilities Water Resources Missing from the list are marine and coastal framework themes marine boundaries shoreline bathymetry hydrographic feature data (electronic nautical charts)

8. Coastal GIS Geodetic Control Environmentally Sensitive Impact Areas Bathymetry Sea Surface Temperatures Shoreline Leases/Parcels Salinity Geology Territorial Waters Legal Boundaries Buoys Benthic Habitat Corals Marinas Items in red designate ambulatory and/or fluid boundaries

9. Top Coastal Data Layer Priorities Data from the NOAA Coastal Services Center 1999 Coastal Resource Management Customer Survey

10. Potential Marine and Coastal Data Models Shoreline Bathymetry Marine Boundaries

11. Marine Boundary Data

12. All of these activities require accurate, useable, and accessible digital marine boundaries. Why do we need marine boundaries? Natural resource management Navigation Offshore oil/mineral extraction Cable Law enforcement, customs, immigration Air space

13. The Current State No comprehensive national framework/standards for marine boundaries Multi-levels of offshore rights - international, national, state, regional, tribal, private… Legal descriptions have not kept up with current mapping technology Ever increasing demand for ocean resources No data model for marine boundaries

14. Land Vs. Water Cadastre Similar issues - adjudication, survey, bundle of rights Dissimilar issues - –Mapping the shoreline has increased significance –Many lines are ambulatory –Delimited not demarcated

15. Marine Boundary Data Issues General ambiguities - units, datums, unclear language, mathematical solution not stated Legal language not easily mappable - head of tide, high wash of waves Conflicting sources Ambulatory boundaries Cartographic source

16. Atlantic Ocean Marine Boundaries Gulf of Mexico Florida Exclusive Economic Zone 24nm Contiguous Zone 12nm Territorial Sea 6nm OCSLA 8(g) 3nm State-Seaward Boundary Baseline points (MLLW) NOAA Medium Resolution Shoreline National Marine Sanctuary Exclusive Economic Zone 24nm Contiguous Zone 12nm Territorial Sea 6nm OCSLA 8(g) 3nm State-Seaward Boundary Baseline points (MLLW) NOAA Medium Resolution Shoreline National Marine Sanctuary

17. Depiction of U.S. Marine Boundaries

18. Who’s involved in Marine Boundaries? International - UNCLOS, Bilateral treaties Ad Hoc Committee on the U.S. Baseline - Oversees the development of the baseline and the derived boundaries. (Chaired by Dept. Of State) NOAA - official nautical chart - maritime boundaries; National Marine Sanctuaries MMS - OCS Lease Blocks U.S. Fish and Wildlife/National Park Service/States/Tribes - parks and other managed areas County/Local/Regional

19. Shoreline Data

20. Shoreline is needed by all levels of government –Electronic nautical charting (ENC) –Paper nautical charts –GIS for coastal and ocean resource management –Jurisdictional boundaries –Coastal erosion studies for Setback Lines (historic data) –USGS-NOAA shoreline coordination –Any coastal or ocean mapping project Why are shoreline data needed?

21. Delineation of international, national, state, and local boundaries Safe navigation Beachfront policy –Erosion and accretion –Re-nourishment –Natural hazards –Assessing and determining setback lines Why is the Shoreline Important?

22. Shoreline Issues: Where is the shoreline? Different interpretations of the shoreline

23. Cartographic Issues. Scale Projection Datum Date Coordinate accuracy

24. SDDEF vector, CAD-like, internal NOAA, no topology* RASTER grid cell, no topology* Various Shoreline Data Formats #TYPESOURCE 1High WaterT-Sheet 2Low WaterSDDEF +2 +1 VECTOR GIS-compatible, topology* *Topology = map intelligence

25. Bathymetry Data

26. Maps do not show an integrated shoreline or elevation Varying agency definitions of shoreline, elevation, and bathymetry based on differing mission requirements cause public confusion Sparse and outdated elevation and bathymetry data limit our ability to accurately represent the coastal zone and predict impacts on communities and the environment What is the Problem?

27. So What? Why Do We Need Accurate, Integrated Topographic and Bathymetry Maps? Predict storm impacts Accurately represent depth measurements for ports, shipping, and recreational boating Determine local, state, and national boundaries Analyze and protect environmental and natural resources Meet consumer demand

28. Planning Hurricane Evacuation Zones Estimates for a three-county evacuation range from 7.8 hours to 42.6 hours –1992 Tampa Bay Region Hurricane Evacuation Study “About $1 million a day in revenue is lost for every mile of coastline that's forced to evacuate.” –USA Today, 9/15/99 Local Users: Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council Department of Transportation Florida Dept. of Environmental Protection

29. Local Users: Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council Department of Transportation Florida Dept. of Environmental Protection Water Management Districts Storm Surge Modeling to Determine Evacuation Shoreline, bathymetry, and elevation data are critical inputs to the storm surge models

30. Ports and Precision Navigation International trade and port laws Integrated data model would: –Reduce groundings and collisions –Prevent oil spills –Reduce coral reef and seagrass loss –Improve commerce: “Estimated revenue increases range from $36,000 to $288,000 for each additional foot of draft for large bulk and container ships.” NOAA Safe Navigation Web Page Local Users: Tampa Port Authority Department of Transportation Florida Dept. of Environmental Protection Water Management Districts

31. Habitat Loss “Since 1950, when population growth began to soar, nearly half the bay's marshes and 40 percent of its seagrasses have disappeared.” –Tampa Bay Estuary Program Local Users: National Estuary Program Florida Dept. of Environmental Protection Water Management Districts Florida Marine Research Institute

32. What are we trying to achieve? USGS Topography + = Integrated Topo-Bathy Model Bathymetry Topography …a model that integrates topography and bathymetry

33. Satellite Imagery Integrated with Topo-bathy model

35. Related Standards National Hydrography Data Content Standard for Inland and Coastal Waters (FGDC Standard currently in development, but NOT yet finalized) IHO’s S57 Appendix A “Object Catalog for Digital Hydrographic Data

36. to develop a nationally focused data content standard for coastal and inland waterways that supports navigation *data content = catalog of hydrographic feature terms and definitions Goal of Hydrography Data Content Standard

37. Hydrography Data Content Standard (aka: Data Dictionary or Object Catalog) Feature/Attribute/Domain Model: FEATURE TYPE (Entity Type) - a categorization of a specified set of similar real world phenomena (with spatial significance) A feature is the real-world “thing” that you graphically represented in a spatial database. (e.g. buoy)FEATURE TYPE (Entity Type) - a categorization of a specified set of similar real world phenomena (with spatial significance) A feature is the real-world “thing” that you graphically represented in a spatial database. (e.g. buoy) ATTRIBUTE - a defined characteristic of a feature type. Attributes are the (non-graphical) information associated with a feature type. (e.g. for buoy feature type may have attributes for type and identifier )ATTRIBUTE - a defined characteristic of a feature type. Attributes are the (non-graphical) information associated with a feature type. (e.g. for buoy feature type may have attributes for type and identifier ) DOMAIN - a list of permissible values or an allowable range of values for a specific attribute. (e.g. for the identifier attribute the range = 10 character ASCII text field and for the attribute type the domain = discrete list of attribute values)DOMAIN - a list of permissible values or an allowable range of values for a specific attribute. (e.g. for the identifier attribute the range = 10 character ASCII text field and for the attribute type the domain = discrete list of attribute values)

38. Spatial Features Entity Type water_line Attributemat_d Domain Value PVC

39. The Question is…. Are we creating one large integrated “Ocean Data Model” OR creating individual themes of data under the umbrella concept of an “Ocean Data Model”

40. Integrated Ocean Data Model? Geology Topo-Bathy Shoreline Marine Biology Water Chemistry Atmospheric Conditions Water Column data Hydro-physics (currents) Marine Boundaries Hydrographic Features

41. Theme based Ocean Data Models? Shoreline Bathymetry Marine Boundaries

42. Benefits of Data Models for Marine and Coastal Data Integration of cross data model collaborative analysis Consistent and reliable format for data Published open standards for data Uniform basis for modeling real-world coastal processes Provide a model for the construction of standard templates for creating marine and coastal data

43. NOAA CSC’s Role in Model Development and Implementation Expert analysis and technical support Identification of relevant data sources pertaining to coastal resource management Outreach and training to partners and constituents Facilitation between partners and end users