2. Harper Lee

3. Guiding Question  How does culture affect values?

4. Harper Lee Born in Monroeville, Alabama Grew up there during the depression school experience influences novel TKM was published in 1960 Law Plot reflects Lee’s own childhood growing up in Alabama

5. Setting TTTTime Period 1930s LLLLocation Maycomb, Alabama HHHHistory

6. Historical Context of the Novel  Set in fictional Maycomb, Alabama during the Great Depression of the 1930’s  Stock-market crash of 1929 paralyzed nation’s economy  In 1933, the height of the depression, 13 million Americans had no jobs  depression depression

7. Franklin Delano Roosevelt is elected President in 1932, basing his campaign on promises to end the depression A program, the “New Deal”, created the CCC(Civilian Conservation Corps), WPA(Works Progress Administration) and FCA(Farm Credit Administration) New Deal marks a turning point in the nation’s economy

8. Maycomb’s Community Dynamics

9.  Divided town: racially, socially, economically, religiously  Blacks: Tom Robinson  Working/respected poor: Cunninghams  White trash: Ewells  Upper class whites: Aunt Alexandra  “Down-to-earth folk: Miss Maudie  Religions: all Baptists—blacks & whites have own churches  “foot-washers”

10. Symbolism: “It’s a sin to kill a mockingbird”  The “mockingbirds” Tom Tom Boo Boo Mayella? Mayella?

11. Symbolism  The Mad Dog Dog

12. Mad Dog ssssymbolizes “Maycomb’s usual disease”: bigotry, hatred, prejudice, racism WWWWhy Atticus had to shoot? “deadest shot in Maycomb County” hhhhad to kill with one shot (wounded dog) ssssymbolizes Atticus taking dead shot at Maycomb’s Usual Disease

14.  Don’t judge others  Until you climb into another’s skin and walk around in it, you don’t know how that person is or feels.  Personal courage (Atticus, Mrs. Dubose)  Destruction of Innocence: Tom, Boo, Wlater Cunningham  Coming of Age: Jem & Scout  Compassion  understanding & valuing others  tolerance

15. Point of View  First person, through the eyes of the main character, Scout Finch  As an adult, Scout recalls and relates some events from her childhood, reflecting upon their meanings and implications.

16. Plot  Action covers three years in the childhood of Scout and her older brother Jem  Scout recall events which occur over this time period  Two major plot strands: the mysterious Boo Radley and the trial of Tom Robinson

17. Created by Chadrenne Blouin The Great Depression & The Dust Bowl

18. The Great Depression  “The Great Depression (also known as the Great Slump) was a dramatic, worldwide economic downturn beginning in some countries as early as 1928.”  “The beginning of the Great Depression in the United States is associated with the stock market crash on October 29, 1929, known as Black Tuesday…”  “…the end is associated with the onset of the war economy of World War II, beginning around 1939.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_great_depre ssion

19. The Dust Bowl  “The Dust Bowl, or the "dirty thirties", was a period of horrible dust storms causing major ecological and agricultural damage to American and Canadian prairie lands from 1930 to 1936 (in some areas until 1940)…”  “…caused by severe drought coupled with decades of extensive farming without crop rotation or other techniques to prevent erosion.”  “It was a mostly man-made disaster caused when virgin top soil of the Great Plains was exposed to deep plowing, killing the natural grasses - the grasses normally kept the soil in place and moisture trapped, even during periods of drought and high winds.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dust_bowl

20. The Dust Bowl  “However, during the drought of the 1930s, with the grasses destroyed, the soil dried, turned to dust, and blew away eastwards and southwards in large dark clouds.”  “At times the clouds blackened the sky, reaching all the way to East Coast cities like New York and Washington D.C., with much of the soil deposited in the Atlantic Ocean.”  “The Dust Bowl consisted of 100 million acres, centered on the panhandles of Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Colorado, and Kansas.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dust_bowl

21. Hoovervilles  “A Hooverville was the popular name for a shantytown…”  “These settlements were often formed in unpleasant neighborhoods or desolate areas and consisted of dozens or hundreds of shacks and tents that were temporary residences of those left unemployed and homeless by the Depression.”  “People slept in anything from open piano crates to the ground. …Most people, however, resorted to building their residences out of boxwood, cardboard, and any scraps of metal they could find. Some individuals even lived in water mains.”  “Most of these unemployed residents of the Hoovervilles begged for food from those who had housing during this era.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Depression_in_the_United_ States

22. Hooverville in Seattle Original caption: 7/16/1934-Hooverville, a section of Seattle. Image: © Bettmann/COR BIS Date Photographed : July 16, 1934 Location Information: Seattle, Washington, USA

23. Depression Homeless Stand in Line The homeless and unemployed of the Great Depression wait in line seeking shelter in New York. Image: © Bettmann/CORBIS Date Photographed: 1930 Location Information: New York, New York, USA

24. Family of Coal Miner Family of an unemployed coal miner. Pursglove, on Scott's Run, West Virginia, September 1938. Image: © CORBIS Photographer: Marion Post Wolcott Date Photographed: September 1938 Location Information: Pursglove, on Scott's run, West Virginia, USA

25. Man in Chicago Shantytown A man reads a newspaper in front of his shack at Chicago shantytown during the Great Depression. The shantytown's site became the grounds for the 1933 World's Fair. Illinois, USA. Image: © CORBIS Date Photographed: May 1, 1930 Location Information: Chicago, Illinois, USA

26. Dust Storm A farm about to be enveloped by a dust storm during the great Dust Bowl of the 1930s. Image: © CORBIS Date Photograph ed: ca. 1930s

27. Boy in Dust Bowl A young boy covers his nose and mouth against brown sand in the Dust Bowl. Image: © Bettmann/CORBIS Date Photographed: ca. 1930s Location Information: USA

28. Migrant Mother by Dorothea Lange A poverty-stricken migrant mother with three young children gazes off into the distance. This photograph, commissioned by the FSA, came to symbolize the Great Depression for many Americans. Image: © Bettmann/CORBIS Photographer: Dorothea Lange Date Photographed: 1936 Location Information: Nipomo, California, USA

29. Dust Storm in Texas Panhandle Image: © CORBIS Date Photographed: 1935 Location Information: Texas, USA

30. Farmer in the Dust Bowl A farmer in Kansas during the Great Dust Bowl of the 1930s attempts to work formerly fertile land buried in dust. Image: © CORBIS Date Photographed: September 1939 Location Information: Kansas, USA