Section 1 – Knowledge Review

Section 1 – Knowledge Review
Question 1 Question 6 Question 11 Question 2 Question 7 Question 12 Question 3 Question 8 Question 13 Question 4 Question 9 Question 14 Question 5 Question 10 Question 15 Return to Section Menu Next Slide Section 1 – Knowledge Review Overview

Knowledge Review - Question 1
True or False. An object is neutrally buoyant when it displaces an amount of water less than its own weight. Answer 1 False Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive More Info Section 1-1 Knowledge Review

Knowledge Review – Question2
Explain why buoyancy control, both on the surface and underwater, is one of the most important skills you can master. Answer 2 On the surface: To conserve energy while resting or swimming. Underwater: To stay off the bottom and avoid crushing or damaging delicate aquatic life. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 1-2 Knowledge Review

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words: fresh water or salt water. “The same object would be more buoyant in ______ water than it would be in ______water.” Answer 3 The same object would be more buoyant in salt water than it would be in fresh water. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 1-3 Knowledge Review

True or False. “Because water is much denser than air, the pressure change for a given distance ascent or descent is significantly greater in water than in air.” Answer 4 True Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive More Info Section 1-4 Knowledge Review

Complete the following chart for a sealed flexible bag, full of air at the surface. Answer 5 Depth Pressure Volume Density 0’ 1bar/ATM 1 X1 10m/33’ 2 bar/ATM 1/2 X2 30m/99’ 4 bar/ATM 1/4 X4 40m/132’ 5 bar/ATM 1/5 X5 Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive More Info Section 1-5 Knowledge Review

Circle the letter of the best definition for a squeeze. Answer 6 B. A condition that causes pain and discomfort when the pressure inside an air space of your body is less than the pressure outside an air space. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 1-6 Knowledge Review

Check each statement that describes a technique used to equalize air spaces during descent: Answer 7 A. Block your nose and attempt to gently blow through it. B. Swallow and wiggle the jaw from side to side. C. Block your nose and attempt to gently blow through it while swallowing and wiggling the jaw from side to side. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 1-7 Knowledge Review

State how often you should equalize your air spaces during descent. Answer 8 Every few metres/feet, before discomfort is felt. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 1-8 Knowledge Review

True or False. “If you feel discomfort in your ears while descending, continue downward until the discomfort is gone”. Answer 9 False Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 1-9 Knowledge Review

State the most important rule in scuba diving. Answer 10 Breathe continuously and never, never hold your breath. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

Circle the letter of the best definition for a reverse block. Answer 11 A. A condition that occurs when expanding air cannot escape from a body air space during ascent, causing pain and discomfort. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

Describe what action you should take if you feel discomfort during ascent due to air expansion, whether in your ears, sinuses, stomach, intestines or teeth. Answer 12 Slow or stop ascent, descend a metre/few feet and allow trapped air to work its way out. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

When scuba diving, why must your nose be enclosed in the mask? Answer 13 To exhale into it and equalize. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

Explain the best way to prevent water from entering your scuba tank. Answer 14 Never allow the tank to be completely emptied of air pressure. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive More Info Section Knowledge Review

Circle the appropriate answer. The most important feature for consideration when selecting a regulator is: Answer 15 A. Color B. The number of hoses it has C. Ease of breathing D. Size Return to Question Menu Next Section Previous Slide Prescriptive More Info Section Knowledge Review

Question 6 Question 12 Question 1 Question 7 Question 13 Question 2 Question 8 Question 14 Question 3 Question 9 Question 15 Question 4 Question 10 Question 16 Question 5 Question 11 Question 17 Return to Section Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Section 2 – Knowledge Review Overview

Check one. “Underwater, objects appear 25 percent __________ and/or __________.” A. smaller, further away B. larger, closer Answer 1 Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive More Info Section 2-1 Knowledge Review

Check one. Since it travels about four times faster in water than in air, you will have difficulty determining the origin of __________ underwater. A. light B. sound Answer 2 Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 2-2 Knowledge Review

Fill in the blank with the appropriate word: faster or slower. “Water conducts heat away from your body ______ than air does.” Answer 3 Faster Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 2-3 Knowledge Review

Describe what you should do if you begin shivering continuously underwater. Answer 4 Get out of the water, dry off and seek warmth. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 2-4 Knowledge Review

Of the procedures you can follow to compensate for the increased resistance of water while diving, check those listed here: Answer 5 A. Streamline yourself and your equipment. B. Avoid rapid, jerky movements. C. Move slowly and steadily D. Pace yourself. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive More Info Section 2-5 Knowledge Review

Check the statement that best describes the proper breathing pattern for diving. Answer 6 A. Consistently rapid and shallow. B. Consistently slow and deep. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 2-6 Knowledge Review

It is easy to prevent overexertion while diving. Check the proper preventative measures listed here. Answer 7 A. Move slowly and avoid extended strenuous activity. B. Use your arms rather than your legs for propulsion underwater. C. Know your physical limits. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 2-7 Knowledge Review

Explain what to do if you become overexerted while diving. Answer 8 A. Under water: Stop all activity, breathe deeply and rest. Hold onto an object for support if possible. B. At the surface: Establish buoyancy and stop moving. Rest and catch your breath. Once recovered: move at slower pace. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 2-8 Knowledge Review

Check each statement that describes a technique used for airway control: Answer 9 A. Use your tongue as a splash guard by placing the tip on the roof of your mouth. B. Inhale slowly. C. Avoid rapid, jerky movement. D. Inhale cautiously. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 2-9 Knowledge Review

Explain why it is important not to wear a tight-fitting hood. Answer 10 A hood that’s too tight can cause changes in the heart rate due to compression of the arteries in the neck. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

Check the appropriate answer. The most important feature of any weight system is: Answer 11 A. the size and shape of the weights. B. the ease of adjustment. C. a quick-release mechanism. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

Check one. An alternate air source should be ________________, so it can be quickly and easily identified by a diver needing the device. Answer 12 A. tucked under the weight belt B. conspicuously marked Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

Describe where you should attach an alternate air source to your body. Answer 13 In the triangular area between your mouth and the lower corners of your rib cage. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

True or False. A dive knife is used as a tool (to measure, pry, dig, cut and pound), but is not intended to be, nor should be, used as a weapon. Answer 14 True Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 2-14 Knowledge Review

Identify the meaning of the standard hand signal illustrated here. Answer 15 A. OK? OK B. Distress, help C. Out-of-air Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

Explain how to check for proper weighting. Answer 16 You should float at eye level with an empty BCD and while holding a normal breath. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

List and describe the steps of the predive safety check and explain when you should use this check. Answer 17 BWRAF – B-BCD, W-Weights, R-Releases, A-Air, F-Final ok. Should be done before each dive. Return to Question Menu Next Section Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

Question 1 Question 6 Question 11 Question 2 Question 7 Question 12 Question 3 Question 8 Question 13 Question 4 Question 9 Question 14 Question 5 Question 10 Question 15 Return to Section Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Section 3 – Knowledge Review Overview

There are several factors that affect visibility underwater. Check those listed here. Answer 1 A. weather B. water movement C. ambient pressure D. suspended particles Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive More Info Section 3-1 Knowledge Review

True or False. “To avoid problems associated with diving in clear water, use an accurate depth gauge, refer to it frequently, and it is recommended that you use a line for ascents and descents.’’ Answer 2 True Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 3-2 Knowledge Review

Explain what you should do if you find yourself caught in a current at the surface. Answer 3 Swim perpendicular to the current or establish buoyancy, signal for assistance and wait for help. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 3-3 Knowledge Review

True or False. “You will find it easier to swim against a mild current along the bottom where it is generally weaker than on the surface.” Answer 4 True Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 3-4 Knowledge Review

Check one. If a current is present, you should generally begin your dive: Answer 5 A. with the current. B. across the current. C. against the current. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 3-5 Knowledge Review

Check one. Nearly all injuries from aquatic life are caused by ____________action on the part of the animal. Answer 6 A. unpredictable B. unprovoked C. defensive Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 3-6 Knowledge Review

Describe what you should do if you spot an aggressive animal underwater. Answer 7 Remain still and calm on the bottom and watch what it does. Calmly move away from the area by swimming on the bottom and exit. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 3-7 Knowledge Review

True or False. “For safety and enjoyment when diving in a new area or engaging in a new activity, be sure to obtain a proper orientation.” Answer 8 True Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 3-8 Knowledge Review

A rip current can be recognized as a line of turbid, foamy water moving ________________ Answer 9 A. toward shore. B. seaward. C. parallel to shore. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 3-9 Knowledge Review

Outline three ways to prevent or control most diving problems that occur at the surface. Answer 10 1. Dive within my limitations. 2. Relax while I dive. 3. Maintain positive buoyancy at the surface. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

True or False. “The first step in assisting another diver with a problem at the surface is to talk to him, offering encouragement and persuading him to relax.” Answer 11 False Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive More Info Section Knowledge Review

Arrange the five low-on-air/out-of-air emergency procedures in order of priority of 1 through 5. Answer 12 5 Buoyant emergency ascent 3 Controlled emergency swimming ascent 1 Normal ascent 4 Buddy breathing ascent 2 Alternate air source ascent Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

Check one. If you become entangled underwater, you should: Answer 13 A. Twist and turn to free yourself. B. Stop, think and then work slowly and calmly to free yourself. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

True or False. “With an unconscious diver, the primary concern is to remove him from the water.” Answer 14 False Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

True or False. Once removed from the water, an unconscious diver should be administered oxygen if available. Answer 15 True Return to Question Menu Next Section Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

Question 1 Question 6 Question 11 Question 2 Question 7 Question 12 Question 3 Question 8 Question 13 Question 4 Question 9 Question 14 Question 5 Question 10 Question 15 Return to Section Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Section 4 – Knowledge Review Overview

A detailed log book is the proof-of experience documentation typically requested in many diving situations. Check those listed here. Answer 1 A. for additional diver training B. by dive stores when buying diving equipment C. when diving at resorts or on boats Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 4-1 Knowledge Review

Explain how to prevent problems with contaminated air. Answer 2 Have tanks filled only with pure, dry, filtered compressed air from a reputable air station. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 4-2 Knowledge Review

State the two ways divers prevent problems with oxygen. Answer 3 A. Never fill a tank with pure oxygen B. Do not use enriched air or a cylinder marked for enriched air unless you are properly trained. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 4-3 Knowledge Review

Check each symptom related to nitrogen narcosis: Answer 4 A. impaired coordination B. foolish behavior C. joint and limb pain Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 4-4 Knowledge Review

Check one. To prevent nitrogen narcosis: Answer 5 A. skip breathe. B. equalize your air spaces early and often. C. avoid deep dives. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 4-5 Knowledge Review

Check each symptom which may be related to decompression sickness: Answer 6 A. foolish behavior B. moderate tingling C. cherry-red lips D. weakness and prolonged fatigue Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 4-6 Knowledge Review

Outline the first aid procedure for assisting someone with decompression illness. Answer 7 Get the person into medical care. Prevent/treat for shock, administer oxygen, if necessary, CPR. Put diver in a left-side down position. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 4-7 Knowledge Review

True or False. “When using either version of the Recreational Dive Planner or any dive computer, you must ascend at a rate that does not exceed 18 metres/60 feet per minute.’’ Answer 8 True Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 4-8 Knowledge Review

Match the following by placing the correct letter in the blank. a. 18 metres/60 feet b. 40 metres/130 feet c. 30 metres/100 feet Answer 9 A. Maximum depth limit for Open Water Divers. B. Maximum depth limit for divers with Deep Diver training. C. Maximum depth limit for divers with training and experience beyond the Open Water Diver level. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 4-9 Knowledge Review

According to the Recreational Dive Planner, the no-decompression limit for 18 metres/60 feet is: Answer 10 Metric – 56 minutes Imperial – 55 minutes Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Table Prescriptive Wheel Section Knowledge Review

What is your pressure group after a dive to 12 metres/42 feet for 24 minutes? Answer 11 Metric – D Pressure Group Imperial – F Pressure Group Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Table Prescriptive Wheel Section Knowledge Review

After a dive, you are in pressure group K. What will your new pressure group be after a 34 minute surface interval? Answer 12 F Pressure Group Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Table Prescriptive Wheel Section Knowledge Review

A diver in Pressure Group G plans a dive to 17 metres/56 feet. What is the maximum allowable bottom time according to the Recreational Dive Planner? Answer 13 34 minutes Maximum Allowable Bottom Time Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Table Prescriptive Wheel Section Knowledge Review

Indicate the final pressure group upon surfacing after the following series of dives. First dive: 16 metres/50 feet for 23 minutes; surface interval: 1:30. Second dive: 10 metres/35 feet for 46 minutes. Answer 14 Final Pressure Group = M Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Table Prescriptive Wheel Section Knowledge Review

Indicate the final pressure group upon surfacing after the following series of dives. First dive: 18 metres/60 feet for 15 minutes; surface interval: 1:00. Second dive: 12 metres/40 feet for 30 minutes. Answer 15 Final Pressure Group = K Return to Question Menu Next Section Previous Slide Prescriptive Table Prescriptive Wheel Section Knowledge Review

Question 1 Question 6 Question 11 Question 2 Question 7 Question 12 Question 3 Question 8 Question 13 Question 4 Question 9 Question 5 Question 10 Return to Section Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Section 5 – Knowledge Review Overview

Describe the three required situations in which a safety stop should be made. Answer 1 A. A dive has been to 30 metres/100 feet or deeper. B. Pressure group at end of dive is within three pressure groups of the no-decompression limit. C. A dive is made up to any limit on the Recreational Dive Planner. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 5-1 Knowledge Review

Check one. “If you accidentally exceed a no-decompression limit or an adjusted no-decompression limit by no more than 5 minutes, you should slowly ascend at a rate not faster than 18 metres/60 feet per minute to 5 metres/15 feet and remain there for ________ minutes prior to surfacing. After reaching the surface, do not dive for at least ________ hours.” Answer 2 A. 8 minutes, 6 hours B. 15 minutes, 24 hours Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 5-2 Knowledge Review

State the altitude above which the Recreational Dive Planners should not be used unless special procedures are followed. Answer 3 300 metres/1000 feet Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 5-3 Knowledge Review

True or False. “To be reasonably assured you remain symptom free from decompression sickness when flying in a commercial jet airliner after diving, wait 12 hours.’’ Answer 4 True Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 5-4 Knowledge Review

Explain the procedure you must follow when planning a dive in cold water or under strenuous conditions using the Recreational Dive Planner. Answer 5 Plan the dive as though the depth were 4 metres/10 feet deeper than it actually is. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive More Info Section 5-5 Knowledge Review

What is the minimum surface interval required between a dive to 18 metres/60 feet for 40 minutes followed by a dive to 14 metres/50 feet for 60 minutes? Answer 6 Metric – Minimum Surface Interval = 0:28 (table) 0:29 (Wheel) Imperial – Minimum Surface Interval = 1.12 Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Table Prescriptive Wheel Section 5-6 Knowledge Review

What is the minimum surface interval required between a dive to 20 metres/70 feet for 29 minutes followed by a dive to 14 metres/50 feet for 39 minutes? Answer 7 Metric – Minimum Surface Interval 0:00 Imperial – Minimum Surface Interval 0:04 Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Table Prescriptive Wheel Section 5-7 Knowledge Review

With reference to the compass heading shown in Figure 1, select the figure letter that indicates a reciprocal heading. Answer 8 Reciprocal heading is shown by the figure letter: B Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 5-8 Knowledge Review

What is the purpose of the PADI System of continuing education? Answer 9 Continuing education courses let you: 1. Meet people. 2. Go places. 3. Do things. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section 5-9 Knowledge Review

What are the benefits of PADI Adventure Dives and the Advanced Open Water program? Answer 10 1. Discover exciting new underwater activities. 2. Additional supervised experience. 3. Gain confidence. 4. Develop additional diving skills. 5. Have a chance to visit different dive locations. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive More Info Section Knowledge Review

State the purpose of PADI Discover Local Diving: Answer 11 To provide a single, supervised open water experience to a new diving area. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

When should you consider taking PADI Scuba Review? Answer 12 If I go several months or longer without diving. Return to Question Menu Next Slide Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

What is the relationship between Adventure Dives, Advanced Open Water course dives and Specialty Diver course dives? Answer 13 Adventure Dives can be credited toward the Advanced Open Water Diver course and/or corresponding Specialty Diver course. Return to Question Menu Previous Slide Prescriptive Section Knowledge Review

Buoyancy results from the weight of water volume displaced The heavier the water - the greater the buoyancy for a given displacement Salt water (due to dissolved salts) weighs more than fresh water. You’re more buoyant in salt water than in fresh Return to Question Section 1-3 Knowledge Review - PLG

The first stage reduces the high tank pressure to an intermediate pressure - (7-10 bar/100 to 150 psi) above surrounding water pressure The second stage reduces this intermediate pressure to the water pressure surrounding you Easy breathing is the most important feature when selecting a regulator Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

If you see a potentially aggressive animal - remain still and calm on the bottom Do not swim toward it - could trigger a defensive reaction Watch and see what it does Injuries generally result from frightening animals – causing them to react defensively Return to Question Section 3-6 Knowledge Review - PLG

When planning to dive in an area for the first time - get an orientation to the local area The PADI Discover Local Diving experience is one way to do this A PADI professional introduces you to: A new dive environment Unique dive skills or procedures you need to know Return to Question Section 3-8 Knowledge Review - PLG

A rip current - waves push water over a long obstruction such as a sand bar or reef Water can’t flow out on the bottom - funnels back to sea through a narrow opening You can usually recognize a rip current as a line of turbid, foamy water moving away from shore; it also disrupts the waves where it rushes seaward. Return to Question Section 3-9 Knowledge Review - PLG

Four steps to assisting another diver: Establish ample buoyancy (for both of you) Calm the diver - reestablish breathing control If necessary, assist the diver back to the boat or shore Always begin with buoyancy – reduce the immediate risk by assuring that neither you nor your buddy will sink Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

Enter Table 1 at the top left corner Move across the row to the right until you find 18 metres/60 feet depth allocation Move down the column under 18 metres/60 feet until you find the no-decompression limit (the black box) The no-decompression limit is: Metric - 56 minutes Imperial - 55 minutes Return to Question Section Knowledge Review – PLG Table

Metric – Move across top row to the right and find 12 metres 24 minutes doesn’t appear on Table 1, so follow the 12 metres column down until you find 26 minutes Move horizontally along the row until you find pressure group D Imperial – 42 feet doesn’t appear on Table 1, so use the 50 foot column Follow the 50 foot column down until you find 24 minutes Move horizontally along the row until you find pressure group F Return to Question Section Knowledge Review – PLG Table

Move into Table 2 horizontally from pressure group K Your surface interval has been 34 minutes, continue horizontally until you find the box where 34 falls on or between the two times listed In this case 0:30 and 0:37 Now move downward vertically to the bottom to find the new pressure group F Return to Question Section Knowledge Review – PLG Table

Flip the RDP over and find pressure group G along the top row of Table 3 Along the left side of Table 3, find 17 metres/56 feet - use the next greater depth 18 metres/60 feet Follow the row horizontally to the right until you are under pressure group G Where the row and column meet there are two numbers There is 34 minutes maximum allowable bottom time Return to Question Section Knowledge Review – PLG Table

16 metres/50 feet for 23 minutes yields pressure group F Pressure group F and 1:30 minutes surface interval time yields pressure group B 10 metres/35 feet for 46 minutes actual bottom time and add residual nitrogen time yields Metric: 20 RNT + 46 ABT = 66 minutes TBT Imperial: 19 RNT + 46 ABT = 65 minutes TBT Return to Table 1 – 10 metres/35 feet and TBT yields pressure group M Return to Question Section Knowledge Review – PLG Table

Metric Table 1 18 metres for 15 min. bottom time yields pressure group C Table 2 1:00 surface interval time yields pressure group B Table 3 12 metres with 30 minutes actual bottom time Table 3 17 RNT + 30 ABT = 47 minutes TBT Table 1 12metres for 47 minutes TBT yields pressure group K Imperial Table 1 60 feet for 15 min. bottom time yields pressure group D Table 3 40 feet with 30 minutes actual bottom time Table 3 16 RNT + 30 ABT = 46 minutes TBT Table 1 40 feet for 46 minutes TBT yields pressure group K Return to Question Section Knowledge Review – PLG Table

Getting cold or exercising a lot during a dive may result in more excess nitrogen in your body When planning a dive in cold water or under conditions that may be more strenuous than usual: Plan your dive as though the depth were 4 metres/10 feet deeper than it actually is Return to Question Section 5-5 Knowledge Review - PLG

Metric Table 1 18 metres for 41 minutes yields pressure group P Table 3 14 metres for 60 minutes yields pressure group J Table 2 Intersection of pressure group P and pressure group J is 0:28 minutes Imperial Table 1 60 feet for 40 minutes yields pressure group Q Table 3 50 feet for 60 minutes yields pressure group D Table 2 Intersection of pressure group Q and pressure group D is 1:12 minutes Return to Question Section 5-6 Knowledge Review – PLG Table

Metric - Table 1 20 metres for 30 minutes bottom time yields pressure group M Table 3 14 metres for 39 minutes yields pressure group P Table 2 Intersection of pressure group M and pressure group P is 0:00 minimum surface interval time Imperial - Table 1 70 feet for 29 minutes bottom time yields pressure group N Table 3 50 feet for 39 minutes yields pressure group M Table 2 Intersection of pressure group N and pressure group M is 0:04 minimum surface interval time Return to Question Section 5-7 Knowledge Review – PLG Table

You meet more diving friends - visiting new dive sites You receive equipment counseling on gear You are presented with new challenges: Artistic challenges – Underwater Photography or Videography Skill challenges – UW Navigation, recovering lost objects Technical challenges – Deep Diving or Enriched Air Diving You gain confidence with diving in different conditions with additional supervision Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

The Advanced Open Water program Adventure Dive can be the first dive of many PADI specialty courses A dry suit Adventure Dive (by itself or as part of an Advanced Open Water Diver course) can be the first dive of the dry suit specialty If you go straight into the Dry Suit Specialty course, the first dive from the course counts towards your Advanced Open Water certification Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

Objects that sink - negative Objects that float - positive Objects that don’t sink or float - neutral Return to Question Section 1-1 Knowledge Review - PLG

Knowledge Review – Question2
One of the most important skills to learn is buoyancy control Proper buoyancy conserves energy and preserves the environment Return to Question Section 1-2 Knowledge Review - PLG

Water is weight Water weights more than air Every 10metres/33 feet in water is an atmosphere Return to Question Section 1-4 Knowledge Review - PLG

Air cannot leave a sealed flexible container Air pressure, volume and density change proportionally with depth Return to Question Section 1-5 Knowledge Review - PLG

Exhale through your nose into your mask to equalize the artificial air space Return to Question Section 1-6 Knowledge Review - PLG

There are several ways to equalize your air spaces on descent If you cannot equalize don’t continue the dive Return to Question Section 1-7 Knowledge Review - PLG

Equalize your air spaces early and often If you cannot equalize - end the dive and dive another day Return to Question Section 1-8 Knowledge Review - PLG

Make sure there is water between your hood and your ears Pinch your nose and gently blow If you cannot clear your ears stop the dive Return to Question Section 1-9 Knowledge Review - PLG

Always keep an open air way while breathing compressed air Never hold your breath! Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

Air trapped in your ear is the reverse of trying to equalize Don’t dive with a cold Don’t use decongestant medication Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

Air you’ve put into air spaces while diving needs to come out on ascent Another reason to slowly ascend from your dive Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

Choose a mask that encloses your nose – this way you’ll be able to blow air through your nose into your mask to equalize the air space Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

If you keep a little air pressure in your tank – water and air moisture will not be able to enter and corrode your tank Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

You need air and a mask for your eyes to focus – by the time light travels through water, glass, air to your eye, things appear larger and closer Return to Question Section 2-1 Knowledge Review - PLG

Water is more dense than air Sound travels fast underwater Sound hits both of your ears at the same time Return to Question Section 2-2 Knowledge Review - PLG

Have you ever been cold in a warm swimming pool? That’s because water takes away your heat faster than air. Return to Question Section 2-3 Knowledge Review - PLG

Shivering is the first sign of hypothermia – when you feel cold end the dive, dry off and get something warm on Return to Question Section 2-4 Knowledge Review - PLG

Scuba diving is supposed to be relaxing and enjoyable – slow down, stream line yourself and enjoy the scenery Return to Question Section 2-5 Knowledge Review - PLG

Compressed air is more dense than the air you breathe at the surface It requires more effort to breathe compressed air Return to Question Section 2-6 Knowledge Review - PLG

Like any sport you need to pace yourself when you dive - know your limits! Return to Question Section 2-7 Knowledge Review - PLG

When you get tired participating in any activity you stop, breathe deeply and rest Always think buoyancy! Return to Question Section 2-8 Knowledge Review - PLG

There’s always going to be a little water left in your mouth piece – be prepared to breathe slowly and cautiously past it Return to Question Section 2-9 Knowledge Review - PLG

There is a difference between tight and snug Don’t cut off your blood supply Hoods fit snug to allow water in to clear your ears Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

You may have to release your weights in a hurry to maintain positive buoyancy – a quick-release mechanism is essential Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

You carry an alternate air source for your buddy – make sure they can easily see it and know how to use it! Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

An alternate air source should be highly visible and attached where your buddy can find it – the triangle Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

A dive knife is a valuable tool to take on a dive – use it to measure, get your buddies attention and to cut fishing line Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

It’s not often you need help – when you do ask for it Make your hand signals big and bold Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

Think about checking for proper weighting when you dive at a different location or when using different dive equipment Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

As pilot goes through a pre-flight routine before each flight – you need to do a pre-dive safety check before each dive Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

If it has rained in your area recently – the visibility in the local water may not be all that great! Return to Question Section 3-1 Knowledge Review - PLG

It’s hard to believe you can have difficulty diving in clear water – use an accurate depth gauge on every dive Return to Question Section 3-2 Knowledge Review - PLG

Being caught in a current is like being caught in traffic – establish buoyancy, signal for help and just go with the flow! Return to Question Section 3-3 Knowledge Review - PLG

Since there are more obstacles on the bottom than on the surface - water tends to travel slower near the bottom Return to Question Section 3-4 Knowledge Review - PLG

You have more energy at the beginning of your dive - swim against the current at the beginning and let it take you home at the end of your dive Return to Question Section 3-5 Knowledge Review - PLG

What would you do if a stranger tried to enter your house uninvited? Return to Question Section 3-7 Knowledge Review - PLG

The best way to prevent diving problems – preplan a safe dive within your and your buddies diving limitations Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

Check your submersible pressure gauge regularly to prevent low on air situations from occurring Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

It’s unlikely to happen, but if you get entangled underwater – stop, breathe, think and then slowly and calmly untangle yourself Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

The primary concern for any unconscious person is to make sure they are breathing Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

Since it is difficult to tell what an unconscious diver is suffering - give oxygen if available Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

A log book can be compared to a passport – it details where and when you’ve gone diving Return to Question Section 4-1 Knowledge Review - PLG

Test your air before going diving – if it smells or tastes bad don’t use it Always have your tank filled by a reputable air station Return to Question Section 4-2 Knowledge Review - PLG

You need special training and equipment to dive with enriched air Return to Question Section 4-3 Knowledge Review - PLG

Nitrogen narcosis should not affect you at this stage of your diving career – it is characterized by impaired judgment and coordination Return to Question Section 4-4 Knowledge Review - PLG

Simply avoid diving deep to prevent nitrogen narcosis Return to Question Section 4-5 Knowledge Review - PLG

There are several secondary factors that influence how your body absorbs and eliminates excess nitrogen Return to Question Section 4-6 Knowledge Review - PLG

The dive medical community lumps DCS and lung overexpansion injury under the clinical term decompression illness (DCI) Return to Question Section 4-7 Knowledge Review - PLG

The proper rate for ascending is no faster than 18 metres/60 feet per minute – a rate slower is acceptable and appropriate Return to Question Section 4-8 Knowledge Review - PLG

Dive within your limits – deep dives require special training Return to Question Section 4-9 Knowledge Review - PLG

A safety stop is recommended after all dives (air supply and other considerations allowing) Return to Question Section 5-1 Knowledge Review - PLG

You need to make an emergency decompression stop to allow your body to eliminate nitrogen Return to Question Section 5-2 Knowledge Review - PLG

Dive tables are based on a dive ending at sea level – under less pressure at altitude, nitrogen comes out of solution more easily Return to Question Section 5-3 Knowledge Review - PLG

When you fly after diving, you dive and return to normal atmospheric pressure, then expose yourself to further pressure reduction Return to Question Section 5-4 Knowledge Review - PLG

Don’t let it intimidate you – there are two kinds of divers: those who have been lost, and those who won’t admit it Return to Question Section 5-8 Knowledge Review - PLG

To get better at anything it takes practice – get out there and meet people, go places, dive and have fun! Return to Question Section 5-9 Knowledge Review - PLG

When you travel to a new country you ask a travel guide for information – diving is no different! Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

A Scuba Review is a great way to refresh your memory regarding dive theory and skill – be prepared and dive safe Return to Question Section Knowledge Review - PLG

Side 1 align the white triangle above the 18 metres/60 foot mark Hold the disk in place; with your finger find the 18 metres/60 foot depth curve and follow the curve to its NDL mark Holding the disk steady, move the pointer so the pointer centerline lines up with the NDL mark The yellow triangle should point to a number on the outside ring of the disk The no-decompression limit is: Metric - 56 minutes Imperial - 55 minutes Return to Question Section Knowledge Review – PLG Wheel

Metric – Side 1 set the white triangle to 12 metres Move yellow pointer triangle to point to 24 minutes Read up the pointer centerline until it crosses 12 metre depth curve To the right of this intersection, find the pressure group whose arrow pierces 12 metres - pressure group D Imperial – Side 1 set the white triangle to 42 feet – in this case 45 feet Read up the pointer centerline until it crosses 45 foot depth curve To the right of this intersection, find the pressure group whose arrow pierces 45 feet - pressure group F Return to Question Section Knowledge Review – PLG Wheel

Side 2 find the black dot with the yellow letter K inside Find the 34 minutes on the yellow ring Rotate the disk until the line corresponding to 34 minutes is directly above the black dot containing the letter K Put your finger on the K dot and trace the radial line toward the centre of the disk until it intersects the thick white curve labeled Surface Interval Curve Read off the upper edge of this curve - pressure group F Return to Question Section Knowledge Review – PLG Wheel

Side 2 indicated G diver Side 1 find the letter G in the white p.g. index and the black arrow that goes with it Set the tip of this arrow so that it touches (not pierces) the 17 metres/56 foot depth curve – in this case 18 metres/60 feet Hold the disk in place, rotate the pointer until the centerline is aligned with the NDL mark on the 18 metres/60 foot curve The yellow triangle at the end of the pointer should point to 34 minutes maximum allowable bottom time Return to Question Section Knowledge Review – PLG Wheel

Side 1 set the white triangle to 16 metres/ 50 feet Move yellow pointer triangle to 23 minutes Read up the pointer centerline until it crosses 16 metres/ 50 feet – pressure group F Side 2 rotate disk until 1:30 minutes lines directly above the black dot containing the letter F Trace the radial line up and read the upper edge of the thick white curve – pressure group B Side 1 find the letter B in the white p.g. index Set the tip of this arrow so that it touches the 10 metres/ 35 foot depth curve Move the yellow pointer triangle to 46 minutes Read up the pointer centerline until it crosses the 10 metres/ 35 foot depth curve Find the pressure group whose arrow pierces 10 metres/ 35 feet – pressure group M Return to Question Section Knowledge Review – PLG Wheel

Side 1 set the white triangle to 18 metres/ 60 feet Move yellow pointer triangle to 15 minutes Read up the pointer centerline until it crosses 18 metres/ 60 feet – pressure group E Side 2 rotate disk until 1:00 minutes lines directly above the black dot containing the letter E Trace the radial line up and read the upper edge of the thick white curve – pressure group B Side 1 find the letter B in the white p.g. index Set the tip of this arrow so that it touches the 12 metres/ 40 foot depth curve Move the yellow pointer triangle to 30 minutes Read up the pointer centerline until it crosses the 12 metres/ 40 foot depth curve Find the pressure groups whose arrow pierces 12 metres/ 40 feet – pressure group K Return to Question Section Knowledge Review – PLG Wheel

Side 1 at the end of the first dive, you are a P diver Find the NDL in the 14 metres/ 50 foot depth curve Align the 60 minute mark along the yellow outer ring with the NDL mark Read backwards up to the 14 metres/ 50 foot depth curve to the white p.g. index Metric – black arrow touches J pressure group at 14 metre depth Imperial – black arrow touches D pressure group at 50 foot depth Side 2 find the letter P in black dot Follow the radial line up toward the center of the disk until you reach the cross-hatch Move the disk until the surface interval curve just crosses this cross-hatch Metric :29 minutes minimum surface interval Imperial 1:12 minutes minimum surface interval Return to Question Section 5-6 Knowledge Review – PLG Wheel

Side 1 at the end of the first dive, you are Metric M pressure group Imperial N pressure group Find the NDL in the 14 metres/ 50 foot depth curve Align the 39 minute mark along the yellow outer ring with the NDL mark Read backwards up to the 14 metres/ 50 foot depth curve to the white p.g. index Metric – black arrow touches Q pressure group at 14 metre depth Imperial – black arrow touches M pressure group at 50 foot depth Side 2 find the letter Metric M in black dot Imperial N in black dot Follow the radial line up toward the center of the disk until you reach the cross-hatch Move the disk until the surface interval curve just crosses this cross-hatch Metric :0:00 minutes minimum surface interval Imperial 0:04 minutes minimum surface interval Return to Question Section 5-7 Knowledge Review – PLG Wheel

Section 1 – Knowledge Review

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Section 1 – Knowledge Review

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