1. History, Principles & More

2. History: Pioneers of Animation J. Stuart Blackton (1875-1941) Winsor McCay (1867-1934) John Bray (1879-1978) Max Fleischer (1883-1972) Walt Disney (1901-1966)

3. Created by animators at the Walt Disney Studios in the early 1930’s Helped to transform animation from a novelty into an art form Still today Guide production and creative discussions Train young animators better and faster Applicable to 2D/3D computer animation as well as traditional hand-drawn animation Principles of Animation

4. Squash and Stretch Anticipation Staging Straight ahead action and pose to pose Follow through and overlapping action Slow-in and slow-out Arcs Secondary action Timing Exaggeration Solid drawing Appeal Principles of Animation

5. Principles: Squash & Stretch While many real world objects, e.g. a rock, have little or no flexibility most organic objects, e.g. a human body, have some flexibility in their shapes When an object moves, its movement indicates the rigidity of the object

6. No matter how squashed or stretched out an object gets, its volume should remain constant Principles: Squash & Stretch

7. Keyframing & Tweens

8. Animation in Photoshop works with keyframes or frames. You can also use motion tweens to allow certain objects to change position, shape or opacity over a range of frames. Keyframe is a drawing (image) of a key moment in an animation sequence, where the motion is at its extreme. Tween is actually short for "in-between", and refers to the creation of successive frames of animation between key frames. The ball will go up slowly, and the shadow will become more transparent, as the ball moves away from the surface. The ball will then reach a top end, and come down fast, with the shadow regaining its opacity. Opacity refers to the amount of transparency a layer has. Keyframing & Tweens

9. Keyframe is a drawing (image) of a key moment in an animation sequence, where the motion is at its extreme Inbetweens (tweens) fill the gaps between keyframes

10. Keyframing & Tweens