1. MAN MADE DISASTERS

2. DEFINITION Disasters can be man made where the cause is intentional or unintentional. All kinds of man made disasters lead to human suffering, loss of life and long term damage to a nations economy.

3. TYPES OF MAN MADE DISASTERS 1. Nuclear disasters 2. Biological disasters 3. Chemical disasters 4. Fire accidents 5. Road accidents 6. Terrorism 7. Epidemic

4. NUCLEAR ACCIDENTS It is a type of explosion deriving its force from nuclear reactions of fission and fusion. It is of two types fission and fusion. Egs. Of fission are atomic bombs, A-bombs, fission bombs. Egs. Of fusion bombs are hydrogen bombs, H-bombs, fusion bombs etc.

5. PRECAUTIONS 1.Common indicators of these disasters are vomiting, nausea, dizziness etc. 2.Don’t look at fire as it causes instant blindness 3.Close all doors and windows as radioactivity doesn’t penetrate into solid structures 4.Cover all food and water and listen govt. orders

6. BIOLOGICAL DISASTERS These are referred as poor mans nuclear bomb as these are easy to manufacture, transport and have the ability to kill hundreds and thousands of people. They are delivered using dusting airplanes or small perfumes atomizers. They have ability to generate immediate effects.

7. PRECAUTIONS 1.The WHO should lay emphasis on prohibition against biological warfare 2.We should immediately get away from an suspicious thing 3.Cover your mouth with a wet cloth 4.Listen to T.V. and Radio for further GOVT. instructions.

8. CHEMICAL DISASTERS Disasters that are caused by the excessive use and misuse of chemicals in industries are called chemical disasters. The irresponsible handling of powerful chemicals can cause widespread devastation

9. PRECAUTIONS 1.Industries using harmful and powerful chemicals should be located far away from residential areas 2.There should be surveys to keep a check on their activity 3.The govt. should formulate an emergency plan to in case of an accident 4.Pollution levels should be checked and maintained

10. FIRE ACCIDENTS Accidents that are caused due to fire are quite common. Fire results in heavy damage both in terms of life and property. Loss of life is high in a crowded building. Accidents that are caused due to fire are quite common. Fire results in heavy damage both in terms of life and property. Loss of life is high in a crowded building.

11. PRECAUTIONS 1. The main reason is poor wiring and faulty electrical equipment, leaking gas or carelessly thrown cigarettes and matches 2. The main power supply source is good condition. 3. Wire should be properly covered 4. Inflammable things should be kept out of reach of children 5. Power points shouldn’t be overloaded

12. TRAVEL ACCIDENTS Travel accidents are quite common. An accident which involves a no. of people becomes a disaster. Eg of these disasters are air crashes, train or vehicles collisions, capsizing of boats etc Travel accidents are quite common. An accident which involves a no. of people becomes a disaster. Eg of these disasters are air crashes, train or vehicles collisions, capsizing of boats etc

13. PRECAUTIONS All efforts should be made to carry victims to nearby hospital All efforts should be made to carry victims to nearby hospital If possible, first aid can be given to victims If possible, first aid can be given to victims It is the duty of people present there to get trapped people out It is the duty of people present there to get trapped people out If we smell fuel at accident site, warn people and don’t light fire If we smell fuel at accident site, warn people and don’t light fire

14. TERRORISM This is another type of disaster that results in loss of life and property. Terrorists use violence and strike without warning. They use bombs, guns etc to terrorize people This is another type of disaster that results in loss of life and property. Terrorists use violence and strike without warning. They use bombs, guns etc to terrorize people

15. PRECAUTIONS  We must inform police if we come across any suspected group of people  We must stay away from any suspicious things and inform police about that.  Do not accept packages from strangers  Do not leave luggage unattended while traveling

16. EPIDEMIC Epidemic occurs when a disease attacks a large no of people at one time. It spreads at rapid rate among human population. Most of diseases are spread after natural disaster like tsunami, flood etc. Epidemic occurs when a disease attacks a large no of people at one time. It spreads at rapid rate among human population. Most of diseases are spread after natural disaster like tsunami, flood etc.

17. PRECAUTIONS Ensure safe drinking water, sanitation after a disaster.Ensure safe drinking water, sanitation after a disaster. Health workers should be trained.Health workers should be trained. Covering of all stored water containersCovering of all stored water containers A surveillance should be established to detect outbreaksA surveillance should be established to detect outbreaks