1. Warm Up Describe the Law of Superpostition. http://rapguidetoevolution.co.uk/i%e2%80%99m-a-african#comments

2. What do you think each of the following mean? o Fossil o Comparative anatomy o Comparative embryology o Comparative biochemistry o Geographic distribution

3. o Fossil preserved remains or traces of animals,plants, and other organisms

4. o Comparative anatomy Study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different organisms

5. o Comparative embryology Compares and contrasts embryos of different species

6. o Comparative biochemistry structure, composition, and chemical reactions of substances in living systems.

7. o Geographic distribution Distribution of Plants and animals

8. Evidence of Evolution Fossil Comparative anatomy Comparative embryology Comparative biochemistry Geographic distribution

9. Evidence of Evolution Evolution Fossils Glyptodont  Fossils provide a record of species that lived long ago.  Fossils show that ancient species share similarities with species that now live on Earth. Armadillo

10. Evolution  Derived traits  newly evolved features  Feathers  do not appear in the fossils of common ancestors.  Ancestral traits  primitive features  Teeth  appear in ancestral forms. Two classes of traits

11. Comparative Anatomy  Anatomically similar structures inherited from a common ancestor are called homologous structures.

12. Analogous structures – same appearance, structure or function – evolved separately – do not share common ancestor. Homologous structures – Similar structures – Share common ancestor

13. Homologous or Analogous

14. Evolution  Show that functionally similar features can evolve independently in similar environments  Analogous structures Evidence of Evolution

15. Evolution Vestigial Structures  reduced forms of functional structures in other organisms. Evidence of Evolution  Evolutionary theory predicts that features of ancestors that no longer have a function for that species will become smaller over time until they are lost.

16. Evolution Vestigial Structures  reduced forms of functional structures in other organisms. Evidence of Evolution  Evolutionary theory predicts that features of ancestors that no longer have a function for that species will become smaller over time until they are lost.

17. Evolution Vestigial Structures  reduced forms of functional structures in other organisms. Evidence of Evolution  Evolutionary theory predicts that features of ancestors that no longer have a function for that species will become smaller over time until they are lost.

18. Evolution  Vertebrate embryos exhibit homologous structures during certain phases of development but become totally different structures in the adult forms. Comparative Embryology Evidence of Evolution

19. Evolution  Many different organisms share metabolic molecules  Common ancestry Comparative Biochemistry

20. Evolution  Comparisons of the similarities in these molecules across species support the evolutionary patterns seen in comparative anatomy and in the fossil record.  Organisms with closely related morphological features have more closely related molecular features. 15.2 Evidence of Evolution Chapter 15

21. Geographic Distribution  The distribution of plants and animals  Evolution is intimately linked with climate and geological forces. Rabbit Mara

22. Evolution Types of Adaptation  Adaptation  trait increases an organism’s reproductive success. Camouflage Mimicry California kingsnake Western coral snake

23. Evolution  Fitness is a measure of the relative contribution an individual trait makes to the next generation.  Traits with higher fitness become more common. Name the independent and dependent variables? Independent variable dependent variable

24. A. ancestral traits B. analogous structures C. homologous structures D. vestigial structures Identify the term that is used to describe anatomically similar structures inherited from a common ancestor. Evolution Chapter 15 Chapter Diagnostic Questions

25. A. snake pelvis B.porpoise flipper C. human appendix Which is not a vestigial structure? Evolution Chapter 15 Chapter Diagnostic Questions

26. A. a tail B. bones C. feathers D. teeth Which is an example of a derived trait? Evolution Chapter 15 15.2 Formative Questions

27. A. analogous structures B. embryological structures C. homologous structures D. vestigial structures Which features are similar in use and evolve in similar environments, but do not evolve from a common ancestor? Evolution Chapter 15 15.2 Formative Questions

28. True or False Organisms with similar anatomy share similar DNA sequences. Evolution Chapter 15 15.2 Formative Questions

29. A. adaptation B. biogeography C. gradualism D. speciation At the heart of the theory of evolution by natural selection lies the concept of __________. Evolution Chapter 15 15.2 Formative Questions

30. A. camouflage B. mimicry C. embryological adaptation D. vestigial structure Determine which morphological adaptation the monarch butterfly exhibits. Evolution Chapter 15 Chapter Assessment Questions

31. Evolution Which is the best explanation for the similarities in the construction of these forelimbs? A. Each forelimb is a similar modification derived from a different ancestor. B. Natural selection has produced similar modifications in the forelimb. Chapter 15 Standardized Test Practice

32. Evolution C. They are functionally similar features that have evolved independently. D. They are modifications of the forelimbs of a common ancestor. Chapter 15 Standardized Test Practice Which is the best explanation for the similarities in the construction of these forelimbs?

33. Closing Quiz Contrast ancestral and derived traits.