1. Essential reading: SPINČIĆ, A., An English Textbook For Marine Engineers 2, Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2009. LUZER, J., SPINČIĆ, A., Gramatička vježbenica engleskog jezika za pomorce, Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2003. Tomislav Skračić, MA Undergraduate English Course for MARINE ENGINEERS 3rd Semester

2. The crankshaft, which converts the __________ motion of the piston to rotating motion, must resist the __________ stresses caused by the connecting rod __________ when the piston is at the top dead centre. Then the maximum gas pressure acts straight down on the __________ and tends to bend the shaft between the adjacent __________. The crankshaft must also __________ the torsional forces produced by the change of speed. EXERCISE 1 – Crankshaft Complete the following text

3. The pressure of the gas in the _________ spaces forces the ring down on the side of the _________ and out on the cylinder _________. Contact between these surfaces must be gas _________ demanding smooth _________ faces all the way round the ring. To make it possible to _________ the rings on the piston and enable them to _________ on the cylinder bore they have familiar _________ or gap. This gap provides a _________ path for the combustion gas so that one piston ring alone is insufficient to _________ adequately. EXERCISE 2 – Pistons Complete the following text:

4. Pistons for the two-stroke engines are usually somewhat longer than _______________ as the skirt has to cover the ports when the piston is at the top of the stroke in case of loop _______________. The link between _______________ or piston rod in four-stroke engines is the gudgeon pin, sometimes referred to as the piston pin which is carried _______________. EXERCISE 3 – Pistons Complete the following text:

5. A B 1.Replaceable “sleeve” inserted in the cylinder block directly surrounded by cooling water. 2.Steel rod running from the bedplate to the cylinder block to the tie the structure together in vertical direction. 3.Component closing the top end of the cylinder so as to make a confined space in which to compress air. 4.Base supporting the crankshaft bearing and enclosing the lower part of the crankcase. 5.Enclosed space surrounding the cylinder liner for the cooling water to circulate. 6.Stretching force produced by firing pressures tending to push the cylinder head and the crankshaft bearings apart. 7.Casting containing the cylinders. a)Crankcase b)Cylinder head c)Wet liner d)Dry liner e)Cylinder block f)Tensile load g)Column h)Water jacket i)Tie bolt j)Bed plate k)Cylinder bore l)Bearings EXERCISE 4 - Match & form a full sentence. Example: EXERCISE 4 - Match & form a full sentence. Example: The bed plate is a base supporting the crankshaft bearing and...

6. EXERCISE 5 – Fill in the gaps in the sentences with “the”... or leave the gaps empty: 1.Have you ever seen _____ Alps? 2.Have you ever crossed _____ English Channel? 3.Which countries in _____ Europe have you visited? 4.Which countries in _____ European Union have you visited? 5.I have been to _____ Sweden, _____ Italy and _____ Holland. 6._____ Artic Ocean is _____ north of Europe. 7.Finland is in _____ north of Europe. 8.Last year I went to _____ Netherlands and saw _____ Hague, where _____ queen lives. 9.Would you like to visit _____ Canary Islands? 10.Would it make any difference if _____ Split was _____ capital of _____ Croatia?

7. Exercise 5 – KEY 1.Have you ever seen the Alps? 2.Have you ever crossed the English Channel? 3.Which countries in Europe have you visited? 4.Which countries in the European Union have you visited? 5.I have been to Sweden, Italy and Holland. 6.The Artic Ocean is north of Europe. 7.Finland is in the north of Europe. 8.Last year I went to the Netherlands and saw the Hague, where the queen lives. 9.Would you like to visit the Canary Islands? 10.Would it make any difference if Split was the capital of Croatia?

8. 1. 1. The damaged ship was sailing ________ the coast at a speed of 5 knots. 2. 2. Fast liners sail ________ the Atlantic in a few days. 3. 3. Doors are provided on the cylinder casing ________ which the water spaces may be cleaned and inspected. 4. 4. There is a Lash ship ________ the river at the deepwater terminal. 5. 5. The air is drawn from the engine-room atmosphere ________ inlet filters which may be removed for cleaning. 6. 6. The cooling of the piston is carried out by the circulating oil ________ the underside of the crown or ________ specially shaped passages. 7. 7. Tie rod pass ________ all the separate components of the engine structure, thus maintaining them in compression. 8. 8. He got this job _________ his uncle who has served the Company as Chief Engineer for twenty years. EXERCISE 6 – Fill in the gaps with the PREPOSITIONS:

9. The main bearing shells are made ______ steel with a lining ______ bearing metal which can be white metal, copper-lead ______ aluminium-tin alloy. A thin flash of lead or indium is often added ______ provide a layer giving protection ______ corrosion. The shells are held ______ position and shape ______ seatings of the bedplate or frame. To ensure efficient and reliable operation the crankshaft should be checked periodically ______ alignment by measuring the deflection ______ the webs. EXERCISE 7 – Complete the text with the prepositions:

10. 1.Do you often listen AT / IN / TO the radio? 2.I heard bad news AT / ON / THROUGH the radio last night. 3.My mother-in-law likes to watch Turkish soap operas AT / IN / ON TV. 4.Her favourite series is on Channel 2 AT / BY / ON Friday evening. 5.It is bad AT / FOR / TO the eyes to watch TV too much. 6.The radio has greatly contributed to safety AT / ON / WITHIN sea and AT / IN / ON the air. 7.Ships and aircraft are equipped BY / TO / WITH radio so that if they are AT / IN / ON danger they can call BY / FOR / TO help. 8.If they send a distress signal, another ship may immediately come AT / FOR / TO the rescue. 9.We’ll meet AT / IN / ON half past 5. EXERCISE 8 – Choose the correct preposition:

11. Choose the correct preposition: 10.BY / THROUGH / VIA means AT / OF / ON radio and TV we are able to know what is going on AT / IN / ON the world. 11.Seafarers are well-known IN / BY / FOR being superstitious. 12.My brother works IN / ON / AT the faculty. 13.The vessel had a crew ABOUT / OF / UNDER 27. 14.The seas were white WITH / AT / ABOUT spray. 15.He was shaking AT / IN / WITH cold, and trembling AT / IN / WITH fear. 16.She’s not angry ON / WITH / AT you anymore. 17.There was extensive damage TO / ON / FOR the engine. 18.The ship arrived BY / IN / TO its port of destination. 19.I’m afraid there’s no solution FOR / AT / TO this problem. 20.He is an assistant FOR / OF / TO the Chief Engineer. 21.Adriana is either at home or AT / ON / IN work. 22.Undergraduate study OF / FROM / IN marine engineering.

12. EXERCISE 9 – Name the parts of the connecting rod:

13. EXERCISE 10 – Name the main parts of the piston:

14. EXERCISE 11 – Translate into Croatian: The crankshaft, which converts the reciprocating motion of the piston to rotating motion, must resist the bending stresses caused by the connecting rod thrust when the piston is at top dead centre. Then the maximum gas pressure acts straight down on the crankpin and tends to bend the shaft between the adjacent bearings. The crankshaft must also withstand the torsional forces produced by the change of speed. Medium speed engines have crankshaft usually solid forged, i.e. made from a single piece, while slow speed engine crankshafts are mostly of semi-built design with crankpins and webs forged or cast in one piece and shrunk onto the journals. The main bearing shells are made of steel with a lining of bearing metal which can be white metal, copper-lead or aluminium-tin alloy. A thin flash of lead or indium is often added to provide an anti-corrosion layer.

15. EXERCISE 12 Give short definitions of the following terms: a)THE TENSILE LOAD – b)THE TORQUE WRENCH – c)THE FIRING ORDER – d)THE CONNECTING ROD – e)THE UNIFLOW SCAVENGING –

16. EXERCISE 13 – Translate into English: a)Ispušni plinovi izlaze iz cilindra pri kraju takta. b)Podloška se umeće između pete ojnice i kućišta ležaja. c)Mlađi strojar, koji je primijetio kvar na kotlu, odmah je obavijestio časnika stroja. d)Habanje košuljice je uglavnom posljedica trenja i korozije. e)Kako se podmazuju ležajevi glave letećeg ležaja i gornje glave ojnice? f)Skinuli smo klip prije sat vremena ali nismo još sastavili izvješće. g)Prstenovi imaju izrez da bi se lakše montirali. h)Čeliku se dodaje silicij da bi mu se poboljšala elastičnost. i)Upravo sam razgovarao s kapom o popravcima koje treba obaviti. j)Blazinice temeljnog ležaja su presvučene tankim slojem bijele kovine.

17. EXERCISE 14