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Lars Påhlman Dept. Surgery, Colorectal unit, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden How to handle peritoneal carcinomatosis found at laparotomy
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Swedish Gastrointestinal Tumour Adjuvant Therapy Group Adjuvant Chemotherapy Intraperitoneal chemotherapy (5-FU 500 mg/m 2 /day i.p.) (Leucovorin 60 mg/m 2 /day i.v.) vs Surgery alone (Double - blinded)
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Swedish Gastrointestinal Tumour Adjuvant Therapy Group Intraperitoneal chemotherapy 100 patients included (All Dukes´ stages) Postop. recovery not affected ! Graf et. al. Int J Colorect Dis 1994; 9:35-39
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Cytoreductive surgery + i.p chemo Objectives Local effect on the surgical bed Early treatment start I.v. chemo does not reach the target
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Cytoreductive surgery + i.p chemo Isolated peritoneal carcinomatosis Colorectal cancer Ovarian cancer Mesothelioma Peritoneal pseudomyxoma Other GI malignancies
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Cytoreductive surgery + i.p chemo Uppsala series 1991 - 2010 Type of malignancy Pseudomyxoma 197 Colorectal cancer259 Mesothelioma 41 Miscellaneous 46 Total543
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Cytoreductive surgery + i.p chemo Uppsala series 1991 - 2010 Many patients have had second - look operations Approx. two procedure per week in total 650 operations
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Cytoreductive surgery + i.p chemo What survival figures do you expect ? A: As good as for liver met ! B: Not as good as for liver met !
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Cytoreductive surgery + i.p chemo If not as good as for liver metastasis, how good is it ? A: 30 - 40 % 5-years survival B: 20 - 30 % 5-years survival C: 15 - 20 % 5-years survival D: 10 - 15 % 5-years survival
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Mahteme et al Br J Cancer 2004 Cytoreductive surgery + i.p chemo Uppsala series Colon cancer
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Mahteme et al Br J Cancer 2004 Cytoreductive surgery + i.p chemo Uppsala series Colon cancer
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Cytoreductive surgery + i.p chemo Uppsala experience colon cancer Randomized trial Classic chemotherapy vs Cytoreductive surgery + i.p chemo
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Randomized trial in Uppsala 50 patients included 46 evaluated Significant survival benefit in the cytoreduction + chemo group 30 % DSF 3-years survival
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Cashin et al E J S O 2013 Cytoreductive surgery + i.p chemo
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Patient stage with a good CT Sigmoid cancer. You find 3 small nodules on the surface of the liver easy to remove: A: Leave them and do a better staging B: Take them out C: Use intraoperative ultra sound.
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Patient stage with a good CT No good evidence but B is correct: A: Leave them and do a better staging B: Take them out C: Use intraoperative ultra sound.
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Patient stage with a good CT Right-sided cancer. Massive peritoneal carcinosis around the primary: A: Leave the primary for better staging B: Resect the tumour and give adjuvant chemotherapy C: Leave the primary and refer the patient to a HIPEC-unit
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Patient stage with a good CT This is a classic case for C: A: Leave the primary for better staging B: Resect the tumour and give adjuvant chemotherapy C: Leave the primary and refer the patient to a HIPEC-unit
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Patient stage with a good CT Right-sided cancer. Just a few deposits around the primary tumour: A: Leave the primary for better staging B: Resect the tumour and give adjuvant chemotherapy C: Leave the primary and refer the patient to a HIPEC-unit
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Patient stage with a good CT Still C is correct: A: Leave the primary for better staging B: Resect the tumour and give adjuvant chemotherapy C: Leave the primary and refer the patient to a HIPEC-unit
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Patient stage with a good CT Why always send all peritoneal carcinosis to a HIPEC-unit: A: Cytoreductive surgery is difficult if retroperitoneum is opened B: An increase for distant spread C: HIPEC does not work if retroperitoneum is opened
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Patient stage with a good CT A correct ! It is very difficult to take peritoneum out at the next operation: A: Cytoreductive surgery is difficult if retroperitoneum is opened B: An increase for distant spread C: HIPEC does not work if retroperitoneum is opened
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Cytoreductive surgery + HIPEC Special issues Laparoscopy Drainage Distant metastases Morbidity
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Cytoreductive surgery + HIPEC Take home message Always send the patients to a HIPEC-unit
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Cytoreductive surgery + HIPEC Conclusion Pseudomyxoma; Standard of care CRC; Standard of care Ovarian cancer; experimental ? Mesotelioma; Standard of care ? Gastric cancer; No
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