1. Conservation of Energy The Effect of Fuel Consumption on the Body Blake Collins - Chemistry Cash Cooper - Chemistry Gillian Weaver - Biology Grace Taiwo - Physics Jordan Clements - Biology Kaylee Chuang - Chemistry Lauren Elam - Biology Mikaela Waslien - Physics

2. First Steps Research Question How does energy consumed from energy drinks compare to energy consumed from a healthy meal and how does it affect one’s performance in a physical activity? Hypothesis If a person consumes energy from a healthy meal as opposed to an energy drink, then their performance in a given physical activity will be better due to an increased number of nutrients and overall greater energy gained from the healthy food. An energy drink may supply caffeine and sugar, but the burst of energy is short-lived and insubstantial in comparison to the energy received from a healthy meal. We hypothesize that an energy drink is actually detrimental to physical activity due to the harmful chemicals and ingredients within it.

3. Team Positions and Roles Blake Collins- Test subject Cash Cooper- Test subject/ Powerpoint/ Scribe Gillian Weaver- Biology Explanation/ Documentation Grace Taiwo- Powerpoint/Data Graph Jordan Clements- Test subject Kaylee Chuang- Time keeper Lauren Elam- Biology Explanation/ Documentation Mikaela Waslien- Test subject/ Powerpoint / Data Calculation

4. Describe experiment or research plan Biology For our experiment the test subjects are either eating a healthy well balanced meal for breakfast, no breakfast at all, or having an energy drink. We are seeing how these different meal choices affect the body's energy. The energy is created through a process called Aerobic Respiration. This is where energy is released in cells from the breakdown of food/drink consumed. The energy is released in the form of ATP, the usable source of energy for life processes. Chemistry The glucose that we obtained from the energy drink and healthy breakfast are oxidized within the body through complex chemical reactions. This process is known as Metabolism and can be seen in the chemical formula: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 +6H 2 O In our bodies, this reaction produces carbon dioxide, water, and energy which our cells can use. Physics We calculated the average velocity and kinetic energy exerted through the physical activities.

5. Procedure Materials: Stopwatch, Meter stick, Healthy breakfast (Toast, Apple, Peanut Butter, eggs), Energy Drink (Kickstart) 1.In the morning before school, eat designated meal for day (healthy, energy drink, or nothing) 2.Measure distance of court that will be ran and mass of the runners 3.Run around court, stopping at each corner to do 10 sit-ups at the first corner, 10 push-ups at the second, and 10 jumping jacks at the third, and then run to the fourth. 4.Have a timer-keeper record the tie to perform each individual activity and then record the information in a data table. 5.Calculate the average time to complete the physical activity for each day (healthy, energy drink, nothing) and then calculate average velocity during running and kinetic energy exerted through motion 6.Calculate glucose intake and output of energy, and then conclude whether the different breakfast choices affected physical activity.

6. Describe experiment or research plan

7. Photos of experiment in action

8. Raw Data NameEventRun 1Sit-UpsRun 2Push-UpsRun 3Jumping JacksRun 4Total JordanNone 2.7616.363.169.833.017.962.8145.89 54 kgBreakfast 2.716.142.899.582.898.543.5446.51 Energy 2.0315.193.059.72 2.99 7.552.59 43.31 MikaelaNone 2.7215.063.6416.363.0110.051.8152.9 52 kgBreakfast 2.0716.563.1815.883.429.462.0252.95 Energy 2.6716.353.4615.922.8810.153.0454.81 BlakeNone 2.1513.222.89.2735.87238.86 61 kgBreakfast 2.3510.893.069.672.486.982.638.24 Energy 2.0113.663.5210.082.817.072.3941.77 CashNone 2.4820.513.9110.422.288.231.9349.99 72 kgBreakfast 2.0918.042.9111.322.58.662.348.09 Energy 3.1122.042.7712.812.179.4254.52

9. Calculated Data Average velocity can be found through total distance divided by total time. Kinetic Energy can be found using the average velocity in the equation KE = ½(mass)(velocity)^2 For example, The average velocity and kinetic energy of Jordan’s breakfast run time would be worked out as such: Average Velocity = Distance/Time Time = 2.7s + 2.89s + 2.89s + 3.54s = 12.02s, Distance = 6m + 9m + 9m + 6m = 30m 30m/12.02s = 2.49 m/s The average kinetic energy would be KE = ½(mass)(velocity)^2 Velocity = 2.49 m/s, Mass = 54 kg KE = ½(54)(2.49)^2 Average KE = 167.40 J EventAverage Time (seconds)Average Velocity (m/s)Average Kinetic Energy (J) None 46.912.770232.246 Breakfast 46.44752.81239.927 Energy 48.60252.771233.552

11. Final analysis and conclusions We expected that when the test subjects ate a healthy breakfast that the time it would take for them to complete the various physical activities would be significantly shorter than the times of the test subjects who did not have breakfast or had an energy drink. We found that during the experiment, the average time for all people to complete the physical activity after a healthy breakfast was the fastest by a miniscule.46 seconds over no breakfast, and that no breakfast was 1.69 seconds faster than energy drinks. This supports our original hypothesis, as breakfast resulted in better, faster physical performance than no breakfast, which resulted in better physical performance than an energy drink. EventAverage Time (seconds)Average Velocity (m/s)Average Kinetic Energy (J) None 46.912.770232.246 Breakfast 46.44752.81239.927 Energy 48.60252.771233.552

12. Unexpected Outcomes Unexpected outcomes that were found in the conclusion of the experiment were: The energy drink resulted in a slightly higher kinetic and average velocity than that of the no breakfast. Jordan’s longest time was associated with a healthy breakfast rather than an energy drink, which was expected. Mikaela’s time when consuming a healthy breakfast was longer than the time when consuming no breakfast. Reasons for the unexpected outcomes could be due to consumption of water, weight of clothing and shoes, sleep hours, inconsistent timing, and amounts of the designated breakfast consumed.

13. Explain Your Findings Overall, our average times for completing each trial confirmed our hypothesis. We completed the course in the least amount of time when we ate a healthy breakfast, and we took the most time when we drank an energy drink. This is because our body was able to gain and retain more energy from a healthy breakfast as opposed to an energy drink or no breakfast at all. Although energy drinks give you a burst of energy, the caffeine is not long lasting. The chemicals used will eventually leave you more tired than before.

14. Different Sciences and the Conclusion Biology When the meal is consumed, our bodies break down what is consumed and transform it into usable energy (ATP). When nothing is consumed, the body has little to no usable energy, and thus moves slower. The energy drink only provided us with a quickly used form of energy, so when the trials came, our bodies generally moved slower. Because the healthy breakfast was the most substantial, it provided us with the longest lasting energy. Chemistry When we consumed a healthy breakfast, our bodies were able to metabolize the most energy through various chemical reactions, giving us the most readily available energy when compared to eating no breakfast, or drinking an energy drink. When we drank an energy drink, we gained a large amount of energy but only for a short time. This energy was metabolized much faster and mostly burned off by the time we completed the trials. When we ate no breakfast, we only had the little energy left from previous meals. These all help confirm our hypothesis. Physics When we consume a meal, the energy is then converted and used up through movement and activity. The energy consumed through movement can be calculated through the equations average velocity and kinetic energy. The calculations for kinetic energy did not completely confirm our hypothesis, as the kinetic energy consumed with an energy drink was higher than no breakfast at all. A healthy breakfast, however, used the most kinetic energy, which confirms our hypothesis.

15. Works Cited Chart, Meta. "Create a Multi Bar Chart." Create Multi Bar Charts. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 May 2015. "Cellular Respiration." Cellular Respiration. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 May 2015. McCallouch, David. "How Our Bodies Turn Food Into Energy." How Our Bodies Turn Food Into Energy. GroupHealth, 1 Mar. 2014. Web. 20 May 2015. Nave, R. "Glucose." Hyper Physics: Sugars. HyperPhysics, n.d. Web. 21 May 2015.