1. Careers in Mathematics and Statistics 1

2. 31-3617ja.2 2 Examples of jobs with Maths Financial Accountant Bank Manager Trader Analysis Market research Advertising Actuary (pensions/life insurance) Programmer Credit card (Medical) Statistician An easy way to keep your options open! Other Office of National Statistics Civil servant Teaching Academia Management consultancy Economics Predictions – weather forecasting Genetics Engineer Scientist

3. Data published on graduate earnings Average extra earnings for graduates by subject studied Medicine £340,000 Law £245,000 Engineering £245,000 Maths £240,000 Physics £190,000 Chemistry £185,000 Business £185,000 European languages £165,000 Psychology £100,000 Linguistics and English £95,000 Humanities £50,000 Arts £35,000 Data from 2005 and 2007

4. 31-3617ja.4 Being a Medical Statistician in the Pharmaceutical Industry

5. 31-3617ja.5 Topics What is the Pharmaceutical Industry?What is the Pharmaceutical Industry? How do we develop drugs?How do we develop drugs? An example of how statisticians get involvedAn example of how statisticians get involved Opportunities, qualifications, my experienceOpportunities, qualifications, my experience SummarySummary

6. 31-3617ja.6 What is the Pharmaceutical Industry? Develops medicinesDevelops medicines Successful and growing industrySuccessful and growing industry Pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device productsPharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device products Contract Research OrganisationsContract Research Organisations

7. 31-3617ja.7 A few examples…

8. 31-3617ja.8 Drug Development Process DrugDiscovery Pre-clinical ClinicalTrials Authorisation Sales & Marketing Manufacturing Typically: Cost: £400 million Time: 10-15 years.

9. 9 Testing Drugs: How many people are enough?  You have a new drug and an old drug  10 patients to test on –You give 5 patients new drug –You give 5 patients old drug  Results –3 patients get better on new drug –2 patients get better on old drug  Conclusion –Which is better: Old/New drug? –How sure are you? NewOld

10. 10  100 patients to test on –You give 50 patients new drug –You give 50 patients old drug  Results –30 patients get better on new drug –20 patients get better on old drug  Conclusion –Which is better: Old/New drug? –How sure are you? NewOld Testing Drugs: How many people are enough?

11. 11 Testing Drugs: How many people are enough?  1000 patients to test on –You give 500 patients new drug –You give 500 patients old drug  Results –300 patients get better on new drug –200 patients get better on old drug  Conclusion –Which is better: Old/New drug? –How sure are you? NewOld

12. 12 Testing Drugs: How many people are enough? –3 scenarios 2:3, 20:30 and 200:3002:3, 20:30 and 200:300 –All the same ratio of people getting better With more information (patients) you can be more sure of your resultsWith more information (patients) you can be more sure of your results BUT more information (patients) costs money!BUT more information (patients) costs money! –It’s up to a statistician to decide how many people are enough Depends on the variation of what you are measuring i.e. weight loss (athletes, UK population)Depends on the variation of what you are measuring i.e. weight loss (athletes, UK population) Depends on how sure you want to beDepends on how sure you want to be Depends of amount benefit to patient you want to detectDepends of amount benefit to patient you want to detect

13. 13 Trial design options Option 1 Number of Patients 50New Drug 50Old Drug Doctor assigns each patient to a treatment group Doctor/patient know which treatment they are getting

14. 14 Option 2 Number of Patients 50New Drug 50Old Drug  Each patient randomly assigned to a treatment group  Doctor/patient unaware of treatment group Trial design options

15. 15 Option 3 Number of Patients Visit 1Visit 2 50Old DrugNew Drug Trial design options

16. 16 Option 4 Number of Patients Visit 1Visit 2 50Old DrugNew Drug 50New DrugOld Drug Trial design options

17. 31-3617ja.17 Key Skills for a Graduate Applicant Sound understanding of statistical methodology and how to apply itSound understanding of statistical methodology and how to apply it Good communication and presentation skillsGood communication and presentation skills Can work well in a team and independentlyCan work well in a team and independently An eye for detailAn eye for detail Well organisedWell organised Logical thinkerLogical thinker Good statistical programming skillsGood statistical programming skills

18. 31-3617ja.18 Qualifications StatisticiansStatisticians –MSc or PhD in statistics is required SAS ProgrammersSAS Programmers –usually have at least a BSc in statistics, mathematics, computing or any other degree with a high level of numeracy

19. 31-3617ja.19 Working Environment Good career progressionGood career progression You are the expert, the specialist, the teacher. Never stop learning Large variety of work Generous benefits and competitive salariesGenerous benefits and competitive salaries Excellent working conditionsExcellent working conditions Always part of a team You make a real differenceYou make a real difference

20. 31-3617ja.20 How did I get here?

21. 31-3617ja.21 www.psiweb.org http://www.psiweb.org/newcareers E-mail Contact: Careers@psiweb.org

22. 31-3617ja.22 QUESTIONS?