1. Bill of Rights

2. Purpose of the Bill of Rights
Goal
Limit the power of the federal government
Protect the natural rights of individuals
Author(s)
Ideas taken from state bills of rights
Compiled by James Madison

3. Original Scope
BoR originally applied only to the FEDERAL government

4. Current Scope
The 14th Amendment applied the BoR to the states, in addition to the federal government.

5. First Amendment
Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, the press, and the right to petition the gov’t

6. Second Amendment
Right to bear arms

7. Third Amendment
Protection against quartering soldiers

8. Fourth Amendment
Protection against unreasonable search and seizure

9. Fifth Amendment Guarantees due process of law
Prohibits double jeopardy and self incrimination
Sets limits on eminent domain

10. Sixth Amendment Trial by jury in criminal cases*
*Charges brought by the local, state, or federal government in response to a suspected violation of law and seeks a fine, a jail sentence, or both.

11. Seventh Amendment Trial by jury in most civil cases*
*Charges brought by private individuals or corporations seeking to collect money owed or monetary damages

12. Eighth Amendment
Prohibits cruel and unusual punishment

13. Ninth Amendment
Rights not in the Constitution belong to the people

14. Tenth Amendment
Powers not given to the national government in the Constitution belong to the states