1. LOST CITY The Discovery of Machu Picchu
By Ted Lewin
Compiled by:
Terry Sams PES

2. Study Skills Genre: Narrative Nonfiction
Comprehension Skill: Compare Contrast
Comprehension Strategy: Visualize
Comprehension Review Skill: Sequence
Vocabulary: Word Structure – Greek and Latin Roots

3. Summary
Professor Hiram Bingham goes on a journey to Peru to find the lost city of Machu Picchu. With the help of a farmer named Arteaga and a Quechua boy, Bingham finds something unexpected -- the beautiful city of Machu Picchu sitting among the clouds.

4. Genre: Narrative Nonfiction
Narrative nonfiction can tell the story of a real event such as the discovery of a lost city. The details of the event are presented in sequence so that readers can understand the cause-and-effect relationships.
(Different PowerPoint on Genre)

5. Comprehension Skill Review: Compare and Contrast – TE538
A Comparison tells how two or more things are alike.
A Contrast tells how they are different
Clue words such as like, same or as show similarities.
Clue words such as but, different, or unlike show differences.

6. Compare and Contrast PB 213
Greek and roman Cultures
Similarities
Different
1. People lived in warm climates
3. Rome was a huge empire.
2. They both produced great poets and artists.
4. Rome had more advanced building methods
5. _____________________________________________________________

7. Comprehension Skill- Sequence Pg. 551
Sequence means the order in which things happen.
Dates, times, and clue words such as first, then, next, and last can help you understand the order of events.
Sometimes two or more events happen at the same time. Words such as meanwhile and during can show this.

8. Vocabulary Strategy – Greek and Latin Roots Pg. 540
Many English words have Latin or Greek roots.
For example, the Latin word terra means “earth, land.” Part of it appears in words such as terrain and territory.
The Latin word gloria means “praise”; part of it appears in words such as glorify, meaning “to praise.”
You might be able to use Latin and Greek roots to help you figure out the meaning of an unknown word.

9. Practice Word Structure PB215
1. What is the Latin word for terraced?
terra – it has to do with land
2. How does the root in glorious…
it means “praise”
3. What do you think terrain means?...
refers to ground you walk on – “land”
4. It does not make sense . . .
it refers to something worth of praise
5. Write a sentence. . .
________________________________

10. Grammar Review – Comparative and Superlative Adjectives TE 559e-f
A comparative adjective compares two people, places, things, or groups. Add –er to most short adjectives. Use more with longer adjectives.
This mountain is taller and more beautiful than that one.

11. Grammar Review – Comparative and Superlative Adjectives TE 559e-f
A superlative adjective compares three or more people, places, things or groups. Add –est to most short adjectives. Use most with longer adjectives.
It was the highest and most amazing city he had ever seen.

12. Study Skill – Outline TE 559L
Outlining helps you understand text structure and remember information.
An outline is a plan that show how a story or other text is organized.
You can also you an outline to organize your thoughts before you write something of your own.
Outlining information can also help you prepare for tests.

13. Study Skill – Outline TE 559L
The title is listed at the top of the outline.
Topics are the most important ideas. They are identified with Roman numerals.
Subtitles are listed under a topic and tell more about it. They are identified with capital letters.
Details are listed under a subtopic and tell more about it. They are identified with numbers.
Let’s look at PB 219 and 220.

14. Practice Outlines Machu Picchu (Title) I. In the Past (Main Idea)
A. The Inca People (Subtopic)
B. The End of the Inca
C. The Legacy
1. Architecture (details)
2. Artifacts
3. Roads
II. Modern History
A. Rediscovery 1911 B. C.

15. Comprehension Strategy Visualize Pg. 538
Good readers visualize as they read.
This means they create pictures in their minds.
Sensory words such as sticky and crackle can help you experience what you are reading.

16. Weekly Fluency Check - Phrasing TE 559a
Grouping words that go together and making corrections if you make mistakes helps listeners to understand a selection better.
Break up long sentences by grouping related words into meaningful phrases.
Echo read the last paragraph on p. 544.

17. Question of the Week TE 488L
What surprises can happen on an expedition?

18. Day 2 - Question of the Day
Why do you think Hiram Bingham was willing to go on such a difficult expedition?

19. Day 3 - Question of the Day
What are some of the difficulties and satisfactions in the life of an archeologist?

20. Day 4 - Question of the Day - Review
How is visiting Machu Picchu today different from the trip Hiram Bingham made?

21. Other Things More about Machu Picchu Photo Essay of Machu Picchu
Web Quest
Great PowerPoint on Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu - How They Kept the Secret
More on the Incas
Inca Trail Map

22. Review Questions Why might so few people have known about the ruins?
What might have happened before the boy had a dream about the stranger?
What did Bingham see after he found the sun temple?
Make a generalization about the Incas from what you have learned in this story.
Why did the author include the boy’s thoughts?

23. Review Questions What did the boy call the camera? Why?
What is the main idea of the selection?
How was the author’s search for the ruins different from Bingham’s?
How would you describe the journey to Machu Picchu?
How are Cusco and the first capital of the Inca alike? Different?

24. Vocabulary - Say It curiosity glorious ruins thickets torrent terraced
granite
thickets
torrent
terraced

25. More Words to Know
remote
rugged
ventured
adobe
highland
terraces

26. a violent, rushing stream of water
torrent
a violent, rushing stream of water

27. bushes or small trees growing close together
thickets
bushes or small trees growing close together

28. an eager desire to know or learn
curiosity
an eager desire to know or learn

29. terraced
formed into a flat, level land with steep sides; terraces are often made in hilly areas to create more space for farming

30. magnificent; splendid
glorious
magnificent; splendid

31. what is left after a building, wall, etc., has fallen to pieces
ruins
what is left after a building, wall, etc., has fallen to pieces

32. granite
a very hard gray or pink rock that is formed when lava cools slowly underground

33. remote
out of the way; secluded

34. dared to come or go (to a new or unknown place)
ventured
dared to come or go (to a new or unknown place)

35. covered with rough edges; rough and uneven
rugged
covered with rough edges; rough and uneven

36. built with bricks made from clay baked in the sun
adobe
built with bricks made from clay baked in the sun

37. highland
related to a region that is higher and hillier than the neighboring countryside

38. terraces
flat raised levels of land with straight or sloping sides. Terraces are often made one above the other in hilly areas to create more space for raising crops.

39. Archeologists have curiosity about people who lived long ago.

40. Archeologists have curiosity about people who lived long ago.

41. They had to cut their way through jungles with thickets full of dangerous animals.

42. They had to cut their way through jungles with thickets full of dangerous animals.

43. Professor Bingham discovered the lost ruins of Machu Picchu.

44. Professor Bingham discovered the lost ruins of Machu Picchu.

45. What looks like rocks to us might be a glorious sight to a scientist.

46. What looks like rocks to us might be a glorious sight to a scientist.

47. The terraced fields on the side of the mountain were for growing crops.

48. The terraced fields on the side of the mountain were for growing crops.

49. Granite cliffs rose thousands of feet above the river.

50. Granite cliffs rose thousands of feet above the river.

51. The farmers cut terraces on steep hillsides to create flat places to farm.

52. The farmers cut terraces on steep hillsides to create flat places to farm.

53. A farmer’s home was usually a one-room adobe hut.

54. A farmer’s home was usually a one-room adobe hut.

55. They had to cross mountain rivers that fall in a raging torrent.

56. They had to cross mountain rivers that fall in a raging torrent.

57. Nights in the highlands were very cold.

58. Nights in the highlands were very cold.

59. Writing Assignment Write a Poem
Write a brief poem using at least 3 spelling words.
The poem may be rhyming or non-rhyming.
It may be about any acceptable subject matter.

60. local basic tiger vacant beware secret donate tripod emotion locust
Spelling Words Syllable Patterns v/cv and vc/v When the vowel sound in the first syllable is long, divide after the vowel.
local
tiger
beware
donate
emotion
basic
vacant
secret
tripod
locust

61. second honor cabin novel habit lizard dragon tribute olive spinach
Spelling Words Syllable Patterns v/cv and vc/v When the vowel sound in the first syllable is short, divide after the consonant.
second
cabin
habit
dragon
olive
honor
novel
lizard
tribute
spinach

62. CHALLENGE
icicles
lemonade
momentum
economy
isosceles

63. This Week’s Word Wall Words ancient civilizations
explorers
colonial
mission
Mayflower Compact

64. Let’s review our Spelling words
Let’s review our Spelling words. Watch carefully because they will flash on the screen for just a moment. We can clap as we spell the word, or we might just practice reading the words.