1. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 1 Linear scoring at weaning agreement gave by FRENCH CATTLE ASSOCIATION and INDEPENDANT INSTITUTE (Institut de l’élevage) who ? authorised technicians exam : for new scorers(3 years consecutively) and usual scorers (each 5 years): - repeatability : be able to score 30 calves 2 days following - homogeneity: be able to score as near as possible than the reference - space : be able to use all the notes of the scoring sheet

2. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 2 What is scoring ? Scoring is a photo of an animal the D-day. this photo is constituted by 19 posts which describe muscular development (5), skeletal development (5), state of fleshing, functional aptitudes, and other stages. Notation : for each post on the animal, the scorer as to use the note 1 to 10 Use : Global DM et DS are used for indexation and qualification with the same level than birth weight (ease of calving) and weight at weaning (growth potential) in to purpose to have an genetic evaluation with BLUP (Best Linear Unbiased Prediction) system. Hereditary of these characters is high (0,3 à 0.4) Linear scoring at weaning

3. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 3 Muscular Development (M.D.) Linear scoring at weaning Top shoulders With of rump Thickness of top Round of rump Width of back

4. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 4 Skeletal Development (S.D.) Linear scoring at weaning Length of body Length of pelvis Width at hip bone Size of canon bone Size / development

5. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 5 Functional Aptitudes (F.A.) Linear scoring at weaning Width of muzzle Correction of front legsCorrection of back legs Rectitude of top line

6. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 6 other posts Linear scoring at weaning Width of chest Depth of chest Width of pelvis Length of rump

7. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 7 Top shoulders Linear scoring at weaning Thoracic vertebra are visible Note 8 Note 2

8. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 8 Width of back Linear scoring at weaning “cut back” back is more narrow than the shoulders Wide back, well linked with shoulders

9. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 9 round of rump Linear scoring at weaning Note 2 Note 5 Note 8

10. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 10 width of rump Linear scoring at weaning Where ?Rump more narrow than pelvis Rump as wide as pelvis Rump wider than pelvis

11. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 11 thickness of top Linear scoring at weaning Localisation of meat estimate in thickness of top (slender loin and sirloin) Lumbar vertebra This note counts twice in global note of M.D.

12. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 12 Size of canon bone Linear scoring at weaning Fine canon boneMiddle canon boneThick canon bone Note 4Note 6Note 9

13. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 13 Length of body Linear scoring at weaning length Wheel-base indicator of length Note 4 Note 9

14. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 14 Length of pelvis Linear scoring at weaning Animal with short pelvis Animal with good proportions of length Animal with long pelvis

15. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 15 Width at hip bone Linear scoring at weaning Animal wider at hip bone than the front (top shoulders and width of back) Regular animal for the width (front and rear)

16. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 16 Linear scoring at weaning Size / development Indicator for this post : - length of canon bone - length of tail - size of ears -presence of hump on the neck (for young male) - linked with the 2 length : body & pelvis This note counts twice in global note of S.D.

17. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 17 Width of muzzle Linear scoring at weaning Wide muzzle good proportion with forehead Middle muzzle weak proportion with forehead Narrow muzzle bad proportion with forehead “able to drink in champagne glass” Note 7 to 10 Note 4 to 6 Note 1 to 3

18. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 18 Correction of front legs Linear scoring at weaning Face defaults parallelism defaults between the 2 legs Out-turned Knock-kneed Long pastern under position Alignment of - Upper arm - Forearm - Canon - Hoof or foot pastern Position of foot on the groundParallelism of front legs Legs without defaults Profile defaults Encamp position Note 7 to 10 Note 1 to 5 Note 5 to 7

19. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 19 Linear scoring at weaning Correction of back legs Angle of hock too much closed pastern crushed Angle of hock too straight pastern open Normal back legs Note 1 to 5 Note 6 to 10

20. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 20 Rectitude of top line Linear scoring at weaning witherssacrum Saddle-backed animalHump-backed animal Broken back at withers Broken back at loin Note 7 to 10 Note 2 to 5 Note 3 to 6

21. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 21 Depth of chest Linear scoring at weaning Note 9 ribs very deep really under the elbow Note 5 ribs just under elbow Note 3 ribs at level of elbow Small difference Same level - Profile view - length of ribs under elbow

22. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 22 Depth of chest Linear scoring at weaning Light wheel base Note 2 Middle wheel base Note 5 Wide wheel base Note 9

23. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 23 Length of rump Linear scoring at weaning Ishions wrinkle of hock slit Note 8Note 6 Note 4 Normal pelvis long rump Normal pelvis short rump Inclined pelvis short rump Inclined pelvis long rump Note 4Note 2Note 6Note 4

24. Yves Jéhanno HERD BOOK CHAROLAIS Hungary may 2002 24 Linear scoring at weaning