2. Promises: The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

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4. Who is Involved? 1.Who are the two groups of people involved? 2.What religion does each group follow? 3.What area(s) of the world is this conflict going on in? 4.Why is Jerusalem so important to both Sides?

5. Who is involved? Arab Muslims who settled in what they called Palestine, from where they believe that Muhammad ascended to heaven. Jewish Israelis from around the world who settled in the region they believe to be, “The Promised Land” due to their agreement with God.

6. Where is this all happening?

7. Why is Jerusalem so important? 1. 1.Both groups consider Jerusalem a Holy Site.

8. Al Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock Al Aqsa Mosque means farthest mosque (from Mecca)Al Aqsa Mosque means farthest mosque (from Mecca) Also called Al-Haram ash-Sharif or Noble SanctuaryAlso called Al-Haram ash-Sharif or Noble Sanctuary Muhammad ascended to heaven from there in 621ADMuhammad ascended to heaven from there in 621AD

9. Western Wall – Wailing wall Remains of ancient temple nearest to the original holiest sitesRemains of ancient temple nearest to the original holiest sites Located in Temple Mount or Mount of OlivesLocated in Temple Mount or Mount of Olives Jews go there to pray and mournJews go there to pray and mourn

10. What started the conflict?  After WWI and WWII, there were many Jews and Muslims living in the area.  Both groups wanted the area to become a state for them to call home.  Great Britain made promises to both groups regarding the area.

11. Hussein-McMahon Letters, 1915....Britain is prepared to recognize and uphold the independence of the Arabs in all regions lying within the frontiers proposed by the Sharif of Mecca.... Hussein ibn Ali, Sharif of Mecca

12. British Promise to the Jews: Balfour Declaration, 1917 Sir Arthur James Balfour Br. Foreign Secretary His Majesty’s Government views with favor the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people and will use their best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine…

13. British White Paper of 1939  Limited Jewish immigration to Palestine to 75,000 over the next five years.  It ended Jewish land purchases.  Independence for Palestine within 10 years.  It is NOT British policy that Palestine become a Jewish state.  Limited Jewish immigration to Palestine to 75,000 over the next five years.  It ended Jewish land purchases.  Independence for Palestine within 10 years.  It is NOT British policy that Palestine become a Jewish state.

14. The Holocaust 8. Write down three facts you know, or think you know about the Holocaust. During World War Two, Adolf Hitler Led the Nazi Party and Germany; conducted the systematic extermination of approx. 6 mil. JewsDuring World War Two, Adolf Hitler Led the Nazi Party and Germany; conducted the systematic extermination of approx. 6 mil. Jews Following WWII, The United Nations believed that Jews needed a place to exist freely without fear of persecution or anti-Semitic actions.Following WWII, The United Nations believed that Jews needed a place to exist freely without fear of persecution or anti-Semitic actions.

15. Palestine Population in 1946 – After WWII

16. Great Britain Gives Up The British can not make both groups happy, and essentially give up. They turn the region over to the newly formed United Nations to figure out.The British can not make both groups happy, and essentially give up. They turn the region over to the newly formed United Nations to figure out. The United Nations decides to divide the land up between the two groups making 2 separate states loosely based on currently populated areas.The United Nations decides to divide the land up between the two groups making 2 separate states loosely based on currently populated areas.

17. United Nations Partition Plan of 1947

18. UN Plan Fails The Jews, who had nothing to lose, and everything to gain by getting a state of their own, accepted the plan immediately. The Muslims (Palestinians), who were seeming to lose half the land that they considered theirs, rejected the plan.

19. Israel Becomes a Nation: May 14, 1948 David Ben-Gurion, 1 st Prime Minister Chaim Weizmann, 1 st President

20. War Begins!: May 15, 1948 War Begins!: May 15, 1948

21. What Exactly is Israel? Nation State founded in 1948 by the United Nations Day after nation was founded, invaded by surrounding Arab/Islamic nations (Jordan, Syria, Egypt, etc.) These neighboring countries were showing support for Palestinian (Islamic) Arabs who did not have a country to call their own Several wars have occurred; Israel won and conquered more land in each. Palestinians were pushed off their land and into refugee camps in other parts of the area and in other countries. Israel has signed treaties with Egypt and Jordan, however total peace still does not exist.

23. The Occupation Israel now controls all of this area, and Palestinians live in certain designated areas mainly in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, that started as refugee camps Israel does not allow the Palestinians the rights of citizens of Israel Palestinians live in crowded conditions with few opportunities. Unemployment is extremely high, and travel in and out of Israel is limited This leads to resentment against the Israelis

24. Checkpoints “Checkpoints are situated at all crossings between the West Bank and Gaza and Israel. West Bank Palestinians cannot leave the West Bank, travel to Jerusalem or even cross from one Palestinian area to another without a permit issued by the Israeli military. For Palestinians, checkpoints are a daily reminder of the occupation. Most Israelis feel that checkpoints make life in Israel safer — that they offer some form of protection from acts of terrorism.”

25. Intifada – “or uprising Intifada – “shaking off” or uprising 1 st Intifada – December 1987 – many Palestinians were injured or killed 2 nd Intifada – September 2000 – prompted by failed Peace Process Palestinian Suicide bomb attacks on Israeli civilians have increased since Intifadas

26. Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Created in 1964: goal was to create an Independent Palestinian countryCreated in 1964: goal was to create an Independent Palestinian country Known for launching attacks and creating warfare against IsraelKnown for launching attacks and creating warfare against Israel Used to be regarded as a terrorist group by Israel and the United StatesUsed to be regarded as a terrorist group by Israel and the United States

27. Hamas – Islamic Resistance Movement Thought of as a terrorist organization by many Goal was elimination of State of Israel and creation of an Islamic Palestine State in its place Also provide social services and economic assistance to Palestinians Now responsible for governing the Palestinian Territories in Gaza and West Bank

28. Promises

29. What Is It? Stories of children living in Israel, from both sides of the Arab Israeli conflictStories of children living in Israel, from both sides of the Arab Israeli conflict Journey of filmmaker B.Z. GoldbergJourney of filmmaker B.Z. Goldberg Travels to a Palestinian refugee camp, to an Israeli settlement in the West Bank and Jerusalem.Travels to a Palestinian refugee camp, to an Israeli settlement in the West Bank and Jerusalem. During trip, he meets and interviews seven Palestinian and Israeli childrenDuring trip, he meets and interviews seven Palestinian and Israeli children Promises is the story of what the conflict means to these children from very different situationsPromises is the story of what the conflict means to these children from very different situations

30. Two Worlds   Even though the children only live 20 minutes apart, they exist in completely different worlds: physical, historical and emotional differences between them are deep.   Promises will explore where these differences came from, and tells the story of several children who dared to cross these lines and meet their neighbors.

31. The Children: Yarko & Daniel  Secular (non-religious) Jewish Israeli twin boys living in Jerusalem.

32. The Children: Mahmoud  Well-to-do Palestinian Muslim  Lives legally as an Israeli citizen in East Jerusalem  Israeli Arabs are citizens and have more rights (inc. vote) than non-citizens, but are not really treated as complete equals

33. The Children: Shlomo  Ultra-Orthodox Jewish boy living in the Old City of Jerusalem  Studying to be a rabbi – son of Americans

34. The Children: Faraj  Palestinian Muslim refugee boy living in Deheishe refugee camp

35. The Children: Sanabel   Palestinian Muslim refugee girl living in Deheishe refugee camp.

36. The Children: The Children: Moishe & Raheli   Brother and sister who live in the Beit-El Settlement in the West Bank