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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure

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Presentation on theme: "7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure"— Presentation transcript:

1 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Pg. 174

2 A. Comparing the Cell to a Factory
1. Eukaryotic cells contain many structures that work together like the parts of a factory. 2. Organelles (Little Organs) act like specialized organs.

3 A. Comparing the Cell to a Factory
3. Eukaryotic cells are divided into 2 parts A. Nucleus- Contains genetic material; control center. B. Cytoplasm- portion of cell outside of nucleus.

4 B. Nucleus 1. Control Center of the Cell
2. Contains almost all DNA (instructions for making proteins and other molecules) 3. Surrounded by a nuclear envelope made of 2 membranes. Cbp- 3072

5 B. Nucleus 4. Chromatin, DNA bound to protein is inside the nucleus .
5. During cell division, chromatin condenses to form chromosomes. 6. Most nuclei contain a nucleolus, location where ribosome assembly begins.

6 True or False Eukaryotes have a nucleus. Prokaryotes have a nucleus.
DNA is always inside of a nucleus.

7 C. Ribosomes 1. Ribosomes are small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm. 2. Proteins are assembled on ribosomes.

8 D. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
1. Location where lipid (fat) components of the cell membrane are made along with proteins and other materials sent outside of the cell.

9 D. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
2. Rough ER- Ribosomes on surface; Prepare proteins for export (exiting cell).

10 D. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
3. Smooth ER- NO Ribosomes on surface; Special Enzymes (Proteins) that form a specifc task. Example: Liver cells lots of smooth ER to detox drugs.

11 E. Golgi Apparatus 1. Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the ER for storage in cell or exit out of cell.

12 Matching! Rough ER Smooth ER Golgi Apparatus
Modifies, sorts and packages proteins Prepare proteins for exit Contain Special Enzymes that perform special tasks

13 F. Lysosomes 1. Small organelles filled with enzymes.
2. Removal of “junk” from the cell Break down lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and old organelles

14 G. Vacuoles 1. Pocket-like structure used for storage of water, salts, carbohydrates, and proteins.

15 H. Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
1. Mitochondria- organelle that converts chemical energy stored in food into compounds usable for the cell.

16 H. Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
2. Chloroplasts- organelles that capture energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

17 Mitochondria 2 Chloroplasts 1

18 I. Cytoskeleton 1. Network of protein filaments that helps the cell keep shape and used for movement.

19 I. Cytoskeleton 2. Microfilaments- threadlike structure made from the protein Actin. Produce a tough flexible framework.

20 I. Cytoskeleton 3. Microtubules- hollow structure made of the protein Tubulin. Maintain cell shape and play a role in cell division.


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