1. Introduction to Fungi: Evolution, Characteristics and Life Cycle BIOL 1407

2. Fungi http://www.poetv. com/video.php?v id=16788http://www.poetv. com/video.php?v id=16788 Photo Credit: Field Biology Student, Enchanted Rock Field Trip 2005

3. Characteristics of Fungi Absorptive heterotrophs Cell walls made of chitin No flagella (most) Photo Credit: M. Hirsch, BIOL 1407 Bastrop Field Trip 2004

4. Fungal Hyphae Hyphae –Thread of cells –One cell thick –High surface area to volume ratio

5. Fungal Hyphae Hyphae –Absorb water, ions, nutrients –Gas exchange –Waste disposal

6. Hyphal Types Septate Coenocytic

7. Fungal Body Mycelium Loosely woven mat of hyphae Feeding structure

8. Reproductive Structures Made of hyphae Different shapes for different fungal groups

9. Reproductive Structures Make spores, either by mitosis or meiosis Some are called “fruiting bodies”

11. Heterokaryon Formed after plasmogamy n + n Unfused nuclei from both parents

12. Dikaryon Special type of heterokaryon Long-lasting As cells divide, cells retain n + n

13. Fungal Lifestyles Saprobes = Decomposers

14. Fungal Lifestyles Parasites

15. Fungal Lifestyles Predators

16. Fungal Lifestyles Mutualists: Mycorrhizae

17. Fungal Lifestyles Mutualists: Lichens Photo Credit: Field Biology Student, 360 Overlook 2005

20. Types of Lichens Crustose

21. Types of Lichens Foliose Photo Credit: Field Biology Student, 360 Overlook 2005

22. Types of Lichens Fruticose Photo Credit: M. Hirsch, BIOL 1407 Bastrop Field Trip 2004

25. Evolution of Fungi Earliest fossil fungi –Fungal spores –460 million years old

26. Opisthokonts Sister taxon to Fungi: Nucleariids

28. The End Unless otherwise specified, all images in this presentation came from: Campbell, et al. 2008. Biology, 8 th ed. Pearson Benjamin Cummings.