1. Acids and Bases Pradhan

2. A. Question: How can you determine if a substance is an acid or a base?

3. B. Research Litmus paper or pH paper is used to test acidity. The pH scale is from 0 to 14, 0 being an acid 14 being a base. When red litmus paper is dipped into a basic solution, it becomes blue. When blue litmus paper is dipped into an acidic solution, it turns red.

4. B. Research Universal indicator is a pH indicator composed of a solution of several compounds that exhibits several smooth color changes over a pH value range from 1-14 to indicate the acidity or alkalinity (how basic it is) of solutions. pH indicatorsolutioncolorpHacidity

5. pH rangeDescriptionColour 3<Strong acidRed 3-6AcidOrange/Yellow 7NeutralGreen 8-11alkaliBlue > 11Strong alkaliViolet/Purple

6. B. Research A pH meter is an electronic device used for measuring the pH (acidity or alkalinity) of a liquid (though special probes are sometimes used to measure the pH of semi-solid substances). A typical pH meter consists of a special measuring probe (a glass electrode) connected to an electronic meter that measures and displays the pH reading.pHacidityalkalinityglass electrode

7. C. Hypothesis IF, THEN, BECAUSE A great Hypothesis 1. Describe what you will be doing (1 pt.) 2. Includes a prediction about the outcomes [THEN](1pts.) 3. A reason for your prediction [BECAUSE](2pts.) 4. Correct grammar and capitalization. (1 pt)

8. D. Experiment LEFT SIDE RIGHT SIDE Procedure/Observations 1.Wear safety goggles at all times. (Acids and Base can be harmful if not handled properly). 2.Clean and dry all glassware and spot plates. 3.Obtain the 2 liquid and 2 paper indicators 4.Using a pipette add 3-4 drops of your first sample (acid or base) to 4 separate wells of the spot plate. 5.Dip the paper indicators into the solution and record your observation on the data table. 6.For liquid indicators use about 2 drops, then record the data. 7.Be sure to write down your observations clearly in the data table!! 8.Rinse out and dry the spot plate. 9.Perform the same steps with the next 9 samples (acid or base) 10. Repeat steps 4 –9 for each solution.

9. E. Data and Observations Sample (number first, then later the name) Litmus Blue Litmus Red Phenolpthal ein Universal Indicator Acid or Base? What do you estimate the pH to be?

10. TYPE OF LIQUIDCOLOR OF pH PAPERpH READINGIS IT AN ACID OR A BASE? Lemon juice vinegar Milk of magnesia soap water

12. F. Data Analysis Questions to answer: 1. Which liquids were acids? 2. Which liquids were neutral? 3. Which liquids were bases? 4. What is an indicator and what indicator did we use in this lab? 5. How did you figure out whether something was an acid, base or neutral?

13. G. Conclusion 1. Answers the purpose question (2pts.) 2. Restate Hypothesis (2pts.) 3. Addresses whether hypothesis was correct/incorrect and how you know that (refer to data) (4pts.) 4. Addresses what you would like to know for further study (2 pts) 5. Is clear and succinct (1pt)