1. Counting Defense Extending Defensive Efficiency Rating to the Player Level Brian L. Cartwright SABR Analytics Conference Phoenix, Arizona March 15, 2012

2. Update This is an update of what was presented at the SABR Analytics Conference, reflecting questions and comments made to me afterwards, and in order to include more of my own narrative inline, allowing this to be a stand alone document.

3. Most current defensive metrics are a plus/minus of runs or plays made, out of a black box Can we start analysis with a new set of factual, counted statistics? Batting and pitching have plate appearances, at bats, hits, walks, strikeouts, etc, while fielding still only has put outs, assists, errors and double plays – no hits are assigned by fielder. For most of baseball history, fielders were not thought to be responsible for hits, but now we believe they might be as likely as pitchers

4. Defense Efficiency Ratio Bill James created DER as a team statistic Percent of balls in play made into outs DER = 1 – (((H-HR)+ROE)/BIP) Calculate each player’s DER by assigning each batted ball to it’s responsible fielder The fielder who retrieves the ball is not always the one most responsible for making it into an out

5. This concept predates Zone Rating and is different in that there is no attempt to classify batted balls into zones by degree of difficulty. In defining team DER James stated that all batted balls in play are potential hits or outs (except for those so high off a wall to make them uncatchable). After hits are assigned to fielders, the sum of each individual fielder, plus the uncatchable balls, will equal the team totals

6. Examples of enhanced play by play “Alex Presley singles on a ground ball to right fielder Endy Chavez, by second baseman Robert Andino” “Nolan Reimold doubles to left fielder Alex Presley, on a fly ball to centerfielder Andrew McCutchen” The following score sheet shows a variety of hits marked for batted ball type and responsible fielder

8. Infielder’s tasks Catch balls in air Keep groundballs in infield (range) Get outs on infield grounders (hands) Start and pivot double plays DER is percent of all ground balls where batter is out

9. Defensive Records - Infield Troy Tulowitzki Year Pos GS Inn | FRAA | DER | Range | Hands | GB LD PU GBH IFH ROE RFE RTE RCE 2007 6 156 1312.0 | 12 -0.1 | 12.702 | 15.797 | 12.881 | 672 30 101 136 54 10 4 6 0 2008 6 99 849.3 | 2 10.3 | 3.742 | 9.815 | 3.910 | 370 19 66 69 20 7 5 2 0 2009 6 150 1228.3 | 2 14.3 | 4.741 | 11.816 | 4.911 | 510 31 75 94 29 9 6 2 1 2010 6 123 1016.0 | 5 11.7 | 10.731 | 15.814 | 7.901 | 422 25 72 79 24 11 7 3 1 2011 6 143 1115.3 | 4 11.9 | 4.749 | 17.812 | 2.922 | 441 24 89 83 24 4 4 0 0 Derek Jeter Year Pos GS Inn | FRAA | DER | Range | Hands | GB LD PU GBH IFH ROE RFE RTE RCE 2005 6 157 1364.3 | 21 -3.2 | 19.718 | 28.790 | 2.909 | 571 36 93 120 30 11 5 6 0 2006 6 150 1217.0 | 26 -9.5 | 22.693 | 29.766 | 6.904 | 478 36 80 112 20 15 8 7 0 2007 6 157 1206.7 | 26 -6.8 | 26.659 | 30.751 | 15.877 | 499 33 56 124 30 16 11 5 0 2008 6 152 1183.3 | 26 -7.1 | 26.672 | 28.755 | 10.893 | 421 35 88 103 28 7 3 3 1 2009 6 148 1154.3 | 11 3.7 | 14.710 | 25.791 | 7.900 | 393 24 63 82 26 6 2 3 1 2010 6 152 1191.3 | 11 6.7 | 24.700 | 24.800 | 18.878 | 411 25 49 82 34 7 2 4 1 2011 6 125 1007.0 | 23 -2.3 | 28.673 | 27.791 | 25.851 | 365 21 30 76 34 9 4 5 0

10. Outfielder’s tasks Catch balls in air (DER) prevent batters from stretching into extra bases on hits prevent base runners from advancing

11. Defensive Records - Outfield Carl Crawford Year Pos GS Inn | FRAA | DER | Air H DO TR IHR ROE | GBH GDO GTR GHR 2005 7 142 1222.3 | 2 9.9 | 12.566 | 597 259 92 3 0 0 | 105 19 0 0 2006 7 144 1163.3 | 19 -1.4 | 9.546 | 520 237 76 6 0 1 | 119 35 0 0 2007 7 137 1176.3 | 12 3.0 | 11.553 | 514 230 73 3 0 0 | 107 15 0 0 2008 7 103 917.3 | 2 9.5 | 1.647 | 365 131 49 1 0 2 | 47 6 0 0 2009 7 150 1268.0 | 2 10.3 | 10.576 | 556 237 78 4 0 1 | 63 13 0 0 2010 7 145 1232.7 | 7 3.3 | 3.603 | 494 196 67 7 0 0 | 64 8 0 0 2011 7 127 1055.0 | 10 4.4 | 18.558 | 414 183 70 2 0 0 | 74 11 0 0 Raul Ibanez Year Pos GS Inn | FRAA | DER | Air H DO TR IHR ROE | GBH GDO GTR GHR 2005 7 54 462.3 | 18 -1.6 |.551 | 196 89 27 3 0 1 | 45 7 0 0 2006 7 158 1308.3 | 26 -7.6 | 21.523 | 555 266 112 2 0 1 | 125 19 0 0 2007 7 134 941.3 | 27 -8.1 | 28.482 | 398 206 85 3 0 0 | 89 18 0 0 2008 7 153 1269.0 | 29 -16.2 | 23.510 | 563 276 117 2 0 0 | 89 23 1 0 2009 7 128 1071.3 | 10 3.1 | 27.508 | 421 207 65 4 0 0 | 75 14 0 0 2010 7 146 1240.3 | 22 -3.9 | 21.517 | 393 190 72 0 0 0 | 111 21 0 0 2011 7 132 1201.0 | 24 -1.4 | 26.533 | 390 183 65 6 0 1 | 104 17 0 0

12. Means, deviations and regressions GB Inf | DER SD |Range SD YrReg |Hands SD YrReg 1B 292 239 |.761.059 |.819.052 1.03 |.929.039 1.25 2B 544 434 |.725.047 |.797.041 0.83 |.911.032 1.44 3B 446 375 |.727.052 |.840.040 0.84 |.866.045 0.87 SS 593 480 |.708.044 |.810.035 0.93 |.874.035 1.98 AirB | DER SD YrReg LF 589 |.535.057 0.59 CF 694 |.609.043 1.12 RF 593 |.565.054 0.88

13. Range at premium positions (SS, CF) take longer to correlate, but for all positions 140-165 games Infield hits and reached on errors take about 250 games, but for 3B defending infield hits is a skill Preventing infield hits is a different skill than preventing ground balls from reaching outfield, so those type of hits should not be mixed Rule of 100 Typically 100 points separate the best and worst DER at each position, meaning that for only 10% of batted balls is the outcome determined by the fielder So at most only 50 to 60 plays a year separate the best and worst fielders

14. First Base 2005-2011 2011 Name Rank DER GB GBH IFH ROE Pujols, Albert 1.801 2085 306 67 42 Gonzalez, Adrian 1.820 263 37 6 4 Kotchman, Casey 2.793 1084 177 36 11 Pujols, Albert 2.792 276 42 12 4 Overbay, Lyle 3.792 1641 273 38 30 Helton, Todd 3.790 232 40 7 2 Youkilis, Kevin 4.792 902 149 30 9 Sanchez, Gaby 4.784 277 50 7 3 Teixeira, Mark 5.789 1824 306 53 26 Kotchman, Casey 5.778 225 41 7 2 Gonzalez, Adrian 6.786 1703 270 62 32 Barton, Daric 6.778 131 15 10 4 Johnson, Nick 7.781 760 119 27 20 Votto, Joey 7.778 292 44 11 10 Barton, Daric 8.781 701 111 25 18 Lee, Carlos 8.774 127 21 6 2 Helton, Todd 9.780 1615 296 39 21 Trumbo, Mark 9.773 278 45 9 9 Morales, Kendrys 10.777 501 91 11 10 Konerko, Paul 10.771 167 32 5 1 Howard, Ryan 11.769 1613 265 48 59 Smoak, Justin 11.762 157 25 6 6 Lee, Derrek 12.766 1387 235 48 41 Huff, Aubrey 12.761 181 34 5 4 Morneau, Justin 13.765 1278 256 27 18 Wallace, Brett 13.760 166 32 5 3 Berkman, Lance 14.763 1267 234 43 24 Lind, Adam 14.758 175 30 8 4 Casey, Sean 15.762 614 122 14 10 Moreland, Mitch 15.755 143 25 8 2 LaRoche, Adam 16.760 1549 295 45 31 Freeman, Freddie 16.754 248 50 7 4 Votto, Joey 17.760 1070 175 44 38 Lee, Derrek 17.751 176 32 4 8 Konerko, Paul 18.758 1393 273 38 26 Allen, Brandon 18.750 89 15 4 3 Loney, James 19.755 1150 214 41 26 Howard, Ryan 19.749 255 49 8 7 Huff, Aubrey 20.752 565 116 16 8 Fielder, Prince 20.749 243 41 11 9 Pena, Carlos 21.752 1209 217 49 34 Loney, James 21.745 219 43 11 2 Delgado, Carlos 22.750 998 193 30 27 LaPorta, Matt 22.744 199 36 8 7 Sanchez, Gaby 23.749 508 105 14 8 Santana, Carlos 23.738 131 28 4 2 Jackson, Conor 24.746 618 113 23 21 Teixeira, Mark 24.737 267 54 7 9 Millar, Kevin 25.742 858 166 36 20 Jackson, Conor 25.737 91 18 5 1 Sexson, Richie 26.736 850 191 21 13 Hosmer, Eric 26.735 205 45 8 2 Fielder, Prince 27.732 1447 265 70 53 Pena, Carlos 27.734 228 42 11 8 Cabrera, Miguel 28.730 965 202 35 23 Morse, Michael 28.731 156 29 6 7 Garko, Ryan 29.719 580 121 23 19 Cabrera, Miguel 29.725 245 54 5 8 Butler, Billy 30.718 522 111 18 18 Overbay, Lyle 30.716 166 41 2 4

15. Second Base 2005-2011 2011 Name Rank DER GB GBH IFH ROE Matsui, Kazuo 1.765 1375 245 52 26 Hill, Aaron 1.774 408 72 14 6 Hill, Aaron 2.763 2560 436 134 36 Keppinger, Jeff 2.773 230 39 8 5 Ellis, Mark 3.756 2745 504 142 23 Ellis, Mark 3.772 398 68 21 2 Pedroia, Dustin 4.756 2080 407 79 21 Kendrick, Howard 4.768 353 65 12 5 Grudzielanek, Mark 5.756 1508 284 68 16 Utley, Chase 5.761 310 51 21 2 Carroll, Jamey 6.753 1411 271 61 17 Infante, Omar 6.759 528 102 17 8 Utley, Chase 7.751 2967 536 151 51 Ackley, Dustin 7.758 257 50 8 4 Kinsler, Ian 8.750 2586 449 140 58 Cabrera, Orlando 8.756 291 51 13 7 Kendrick, Howard 9.748 1754 326 92 24 Phillips, Brandon 9.756 443 82 23 3 Kennedy, Adam 10.739 1672 325 83 29 Pedroia, Dustin 10.755 460 95 14 4 Lopez, Jose 11.737 2114 409 104 44 Zobrist, Ben 11.754 367 64 20 6 Phillips, Brandon 12.735 2619 501 163 30 Espinosa, Danny 12.746 526 91 33 10 Infante, Omar 13.735 1219 253 50 20 Kinsler, Ian 13.745 441 79 26 7 Johnson, Kelly 14.733 2016 408 90 40 Casilla, Alexi 14.744 208 44 6 3 Cano, Robinson 15.733 3423 707 152 56 Schumaker, Skip 15.743 207 40 13 1 Polanco, Placido 16.733 2016 440 86 13 Santiago, Ramon 16.733 211 43 9 4 Sanchez, Freddy 17.730 1634 329 102 11 Cano, Robinson 17.730 507 103 28 6 Roberts, Brian 18.725 2640 547 142 37 Walker, Neil 18.725 511 101 36 4 Miles, Aaron 19.725 1352 272 74 26 Barney, Darwin 19.722 415 81 27 8 Hudson, Orlando 20.723 2933 586 192 35 Getz, Chris 21.719 369 76 23 5 Biggio, Craig 21.722 1100 225 56 25 Weeks, Rickie 20.716 323 62 22 8 Belliard, Ronnie 22.716 1526 321 82 30 Beckham, Gordon 22.716 528 118 27 5 Castillo, Luis 23.714 2075 446 119 28 Carroll, Jamey 23.709 210 47 11 3 Giles, Marcus 24.711 1425 298 90 24 Uggla, Dan 24.707 510 104 37 8 Uggla, Dan 25.705 2909 612 187 59 Weeks, Jemile 25.707 323 66 19 10 Durham, Ray 26.697 1329 308 70 25 Hudson, Orlando 26.704 338 68 32 0 Beckham, Gordon 27.696 976 226 58 13 Johnson, Kelly 27.704 404 91 23 6 Iguchi, Tadahito 28.691 1487 350 89 21 Miles, Aaron 28.700 186 44 12 0 Weeks, Rickie 29.689 2221 439 178 74 Andino, Robert 29.696 299 73 14 4 Kent, Jeff 30.687 1457 362 61 33 Turner, Justin 30.692 247 55 14 7

16. Third Base 2005-2011 2011 Name Rank DER GB GBH IFH ROE Crede, Joe 1.772 1382 187 86 42 Lawrie, Brett 1.812 144 11 11 5 Longoria, Evan 2.768 1336 136 127 47 Callaspo, Alberto 2.791 328 39 18 12 Hannahan, Jack 3.765 920 126 68 22 Beltre, Adrian 3.783 253 29 16 10 Rolen, Scott 4.760 1931 298 110 56 Sandoval, Pablo 4.773 263 37 16 7 Blake, Casey 5.760 1432 215 85 44 Hannahan, Jack 5.769 302 40 25 5 Ensberg, Morgan 6.757 947 124 77 29 Polanco, Placido 6.764 346 53 23 6 Feliz, Pedro 7.751 1940 297 123 62 Youkilis, Kevin 7.750 225 34 15 7 Lowell, Mike 8.749 1593 268 88 44 Rolen, Scott 8.747 161 27 10 4 Chavez, Eric 9.747 1154 204 64 24 Zimmerman, Ryan 9.747 272 43 16 10 Inge, Brandon 10.746 2604 432 149 80 Figgins, Chone 10.743 184 19 17 11 LaRoche, Andy 11.744 878 124 69 32 Longoria, Evan 11.741 303 32 34 12 Beltre, Adrian 12.742 2543 385 184 87 Rodriguez, Alex 12.734 185 28 16 5 Zimmerman, Ryan 13.741 2137 308 169 77 Betemit, Wilson 13.729 210 35 14 8 Kouzmanoff, Kevin 14.741 1497 207 139 42 Roberts, Ryan 14.729 272 40 23 11 Sandoval, Pablo 15.738 856 135 60 29 McGehee, Casey 15.729 335 51 18 22 Atkins, Garrett 16.738 1440 237 83 57 Jones, Chipper 16.727 230 40 20 3 Mora, Melvin 17.737 2035 309 161 65 Moustakas, Mike 17.725 241 37 19 10 Figgins, Chone 18.732 1272 179 109 53 Headley, Chase 18.725 233 33 22 9 Jones, Chipper 19.732 1744 299 110 59 Inge, Brandon 19.723 260 44 19 9 Glaus, Troy 20.731 1470 254 98 44 Alvarez, Pedro 20.716 208 33 17 9 McGehee, Casey 21.728 864 141 51 43 Descalso, Daniel 21.714 256 42 15 16 Wright, David 22.712 2698 428 239 109 Morel, Brent 22.701 288 45 33 8 Rodriguez, Alex 23.707 2203 421 156 68 Sizemore, Scott 23.691 195 32 20 8 Bautista, Jose 24.704 1028 169 91 44 Valencia, Danny 24.690 378 71 31 15 Ramirez, Aramis 25.702 2069 364 170 83 Wright, David 25.688 262 45 21 16 Blalock, Hank 26.700 944 195 61 27 Dobbs, Greg 26.682 216 40 17 12 Reynolds, Mark 27.696 1467 228 142 76 Ramirez, Aramis 27.675 317 53 34 16 Teahen, Mark 28.688 1150 233 76 50 Kouzmanoff, Kevin 28.656 169 26 24 8 Cabrera, Miguel 29.684 857 172 60 39 Reynolds, Mark 29.651 261 45 28 18 Encarnacion, Edwin 30.683 1602 280 133 94 Johnson, Chris 30.632 237 49 28 10

17. Shortstop 2005-2011 2011 Name Rank DER GB GBH IFH ROE Vizquel, Omar 1.753 1731 293 113 22 Ramirez, Alexei 1.754 520 87 27 14 Everett, Adam 2.747 1771 281 132 36 Janish, Paul 2.753 334 55 17 10 Ryan, Brendan 3.738 1588 274 109 33 Cedeno, Ronny 3.752 463 73 33 9 Gonzalez, Alex 4.731 2534 471 160 51 Tulowitzki, Troy 4.749 441 83 24 4 Wilson, Jack 5.731 2637 471 189 50 Hardy, J.J. 5.745 459 82 32 3 Greene, Khalil 6.729 1772 314 133 33 Ryan, Brendan 6.743 449 66 38 11 Ramirez, Alexei 7.728 1637 309 96 40 Barmes, Clint 7.742 412 74 25 8 Furcal, Rafael 8.728 2934 503 209 87 Gonzalez, Alex 8.741 533 98 30 10 Tulowitzki, Troy 9.727 2497 481 158 43 Andrus, Elvis 9.727 491 77 33 24 Escobar, Yunel 10.724 2099 402 128 50 Escobar, Yunel 10.725 411 79 25 9 Izturis, Cesar 11.723 2090 396 135 48 Escobar, Alcides 11.724 555 105 36 12 Scutaro, Marco 12.722 2049 375 144 50 Bartlett, Jason 12.722 461 82 34 12 Hardy, J.J. 13.721 2667 523 172 49 Pennington, Cliff 13.721 455 80 30 17 Cedeno, Ronny 14.719 1833 336 128 51 Drew, Stephen 14.717 278 55 18 7 Rollins, Jimmy 15.718 3368 608 286 56 Desmond, Ian 15.716 553 92 47 18 Uribe, Juan 16.716 1896 353 141 44 Peralta, Jhonny 16.715 487 99 34 6 Bartlett, Jason 17.713 2843 514 218 83 Rollins, Jimmy 17.711 495 94 41 8 Reyes, Jose 18.711 3067 623 181 81 Aybar, Erick 18.709 487 84 49 9 Drew, Stephen 19.710 2327 467 161 46 Furcal, Rafael 19.707 310 59 20 12 Renteria, Edgar 20.702 2667 497 233 66 Betancourt, Yuniesky 20.704 496 102 27 18 Cabrera, Orlando 21.699 2967 551 276 65 Reyes, Jose 21.703 462 91 32 14 Aybar, Erick 22.699 1813 334 162 49 Renteria, Edgar 22.703 255 61 9 6 Young, Michael 23.699 2247 471 155 50 Scutaro, Marco 23.699 329 60 29 10 Lugo, Julio 24.698 1680 318 122 67 Brignac, Reid 24.696 266 47 29 5 Tejada, Miguel 25.693 2984 587 254 74 Cabrera, Asdrubal 25.685 465 93 43 11 Theriot, Ryan 26.690 1704 346 137 45 Castro, Starlin 26.675 582 99 69 21 Jeter, Derek 27.690 3139 700 202 71 Nishioka, Tsuyoshi 27.675 228 41 24 9 Peralta, Jhonny 28.690 2968 627 222 72 Jeter, Derek 28.673 365 76 34 9 Ramirez, Hanley 29.688 2658 545 196 88 Ramirez, Hanley 29.668 252 52 21 11 Betancourt, Yuniesky 30.684 3188 725 178 104 Theriot, Ryan 30.663 339 73 28 13

18. Left field 2005-2011 2011 Name Rank DER AirB AirH ROE Byrnes, Eric 1.590 1047 426 3 Gardner, Brett 1.641 446 160 0 Podsednik, Scott 2.580 1766 732 9 Fuld, Sam 2.637 248 91 1 Parra, Gerardo 3.576 906 384 0 Young, Delmon 3.597 355 143 0 Crawford, Carl 4.573 3460 1473 4 Parra, Gerardo 4.596 455 184 0 Payton, Jay 5.565 1086 470 2 Gordon, Alex 5.589 521 215 1 DeJesus, David 6.564 969 420 3 Tabata, Jose 6.588 238 98 0 Harris, Willie 7.560 913 397 5 Wells, Vernon 7.584 397 166 1 Langerhans, Ryan 8.559 911 399 3 Gwynn, Tony Jr. 8.581 298 126 1 Stewart, Shannon 9.558 1118 492 2 Ross, Cody 9.577 201 85 0 Diaz, Matt 10.556 957 422 3 Murphy, David 10.575 235 101 1 Anderson, Garret 11.553 1560 696 2 Ludwick, Ryan 11.574 296 127 1 Pierre, Juan 12.552 1521 677 4 Prado, Martin 12.570 302 131 1 Rivera, Juan 13.550 1188 533 2 Hamilton, Josh 13.567 261 114 1 Soriano, Alfonso 14.547 2174 975 10 Pie, Felix 14.567 233 101 0 Johnson, Reed 15.547 900 406 2 Brantley, Michael 15.563 199 88 1 Murphy, David 16.546 1080 488 2 Bay, Jason 16.561 383 169 1 Matsui, Hideki 17.541 1120 508 6 Patterson, Corey 17.561 171 75 0 Holliday, Matt 18.531 3140 1467 7 Crawford, Carl 18.558 414 183 0 Michaels, Jason 19.528 961 454 0 Pierre, Juan 19.553 514 232 2 Braun, Ryan 20.527 2031 960 0 Reimold, Nolan 20.551 234 105 0 Gonzalez, Luis 21.521 1456 695 3 Holliday, Matt 21.550 333 152 2 Young, Delmon 22.520 1716 821 3 Braun, Ryan 22.544 430 196 0 Willingham, Josh 23.515 1903 918 5 Lee, Carlos 23.543 188 86 0 Ibanez, Raul 24.513 2916 1417 3 Morrison, Logan 24.541 327 152 2 Bay, Jason 25.512 3350 1628 7 Willingham, Josh 25.540 289 133 0 Lewis, Fred 26.505 978 481 3 Ibanez, Raul 26.533 390 183 1 Lee, Carlos 27.504 2609 1290 5 Heisey, Chris 27.531 243 114 0 Dunn, Adam 28.499 1879 935 6 Gonzalez, Carlos 28.518 168 81 0 Burrell, Pat 29.496 1679 840 6 Soriano, Alfonso 29.512 258 127 1 Ramirez, Manny 30.485 1842 943 6 Presley, Alex 30.449 167 92 0

19. Center field 2005-2011 2011 Name Rank DER AirB AirH ROE Gutierrez, Franklin 1.662 1723 580 3 Span, Denard 1.684 307 97 0 Gomez, Carlos 2.631 1795 661 1 Torres, Andres 2.667 330 111 1 Beltran, Carlos 3.631 2933 1082 1 Bourjos, Peter 3.666 551 187 3 Patterson, Corey 4.629 2017 746 3 Jackson, Austin 4.652 597 209 1 Upton, B.J. 5.627 2762 1025 5 Gutierrez, Franklin 5.651 367 128 0 McCutchen, Andrew 6.626 1640 611 3 Upton, B.J. 6.647 581 206 1 Edmonds, Jim 7.624 1765 659 4 Victorino, Shane 7.646 449 159 0 Crisp, Coco 8.624 2409 903 2 Morgan, Nyjer 8.645 310 110 0 Davis, Rajai 9.623 1596 596 5 Kemp, Matt 9.644 533 191 1 Jones, Adam 10.623 2520 946 4 Maybin, Cameron 10.635 528 193 0 Sizemore, Grady 11.622 3207 1210 3 Gomez, Carlos 11.634 306 112 0 Taveras, Willy 12.621 2176 818 6 Stubbs, Drew 12.632 592 218 0 Granderson, Curtis 13.616 3709 1422 1 Young, Chris 13.630 619 229 0 Cameron, Mike 14.616 2556 976 6 Fowler, Dexter 14.629 496 185 1 DeJesus, David 15.612 1668 646 2 Ellsbury, Jacoby 15.627 614 229 0 Bourn, Michael 16.610 2341 909 5 McCutchen, Andrew 16.624 656 248 1 Rowand, Aaron 17.609 3249 1263 6 Crisp, Coco 17.621 504 191 0 Young, Chris 18.607 3106 1214 6 Rasmus, Colby 18.620 474 180 0 Kemp, Matt 19.605 2120 835 3 Jones, Adam 19.616 627 242 1 Jones, Andruw 20.602 2172 862 2 Ankiel, Rick 20.616 385 148 0 Victorino, Shane 21.602 2398 954 0 Jay, Jon 21.610 251 98 0 Hunter, Torii 22.602 2964 1176 4 Bourn, Michael 22.608 605 239 2 Cabrera, Melky 23.602 2041 812 1 Revere, Ben 23.608 398 157 1 McLouth, Nate 24.602 2086 829 2 Byrd, Marlon 24.607 433 170 0 Byrd, Marlon 25.597 2140 860 3 Pagan, Angel 25.595 509 206 0 Rios, Alex 26.595 1747 699 8 Cabrera, Melky 26.593 543 221 0 Pierre, Juan 27.594 1848 749 2 Davis, Rajai 27.588 308 128 1 Wells, Vernon 28.585 3227 1337 2 Granderson, Curtis 28.588 583 240 0 Matthews, Gary Jr. 29.575 2045 863 6 Schafer, Jordan 29.588 337 139 0 Kotsay, Mark 30.570 1555 669 0 Rios, Alex 30.579 605 256 1

20. Right field 2005-2011 2011 Name Rank DER AirB AirH ROE Kearns, Austin 1.604 2194 866 2 Heyward, Jason 1.619 365 139 0 Fukudome, Kosuke 2.598 1394 560 1 Venable, Will 2.617 269 104 1 Suzuki, Ichiro 3.596 2864 1152 4 Drew, J.D. 3.611 234 91 0 Bruce, Jay 4.596 1718 690 5 Cruz, Nelson 4.602 377 152 2 Winn, Randy 5.594 1509 610 2 Upton, Justin 5.596 579 238 4 Cruz, Nelson 6.593 1782 721 4 DeJesus, David 6.591 386 159 1 Hermida, Jeremy 7.589 1349 547 7 Quentin, Carlos 7.591 259 106 0 Jones, Jacque 8.587 1077 443 2 Stanton, Giancarlo 8.589 457 188 0 Hart, Corey 9.582 2262 941 4 Hart, Corey 9.587 416 172 0 Upton, Justin 10.580 1929 799 11 Bruce, Jay 10.579 532 225 1 Jenkins, Geoff 11.580 1212 507 2 Werth, Jayson 11.578 502 213 1 Choo, Shin-Soo 12.578 1516 639 1 Joyce, Matt 12.576 373 159 1 Markakis, Nick 13.573 3106 1321 4 Fukudome, Kosuke 13.575 482 206 1 Guerrero, Vladimir 14.571 1500 633 10 Ethier, Andre 14.574 415 177 0 Werth, Jayson 15.568 1983 853 3 Francoeur, Jeff 15.574 571 244 1 Drew, J.D. 16.568 2346 1009 5 Bautista, Jose 16.572 404 173 0 Pence, Hunter 17.566 2334 1004 8 Markakis, Nick 17.571 524 225 0 Swisher, Nick 18.566 1702 735 4 Cuddyer, Michael 18.570 249 107 0 Ethier, Andre 19.559 1877 822 5 Beltran, Carlos 19.570 402 173 0 Ludwick, Ryan 20.556 1366 606 1 Suzuki, Ichiro 20.568 461 200 1 Dye, Jermaine 21.554 2354 1042 7 Berkman, Lance 21.561 214 94 0 Francoeur, Jeff 22.553 3415 1524 4 Smith, Seth 22.557 341 151 0 Guillen, Jose 23.552 1629 725 5 Swisher, Nick 23.557 411 183 1 Rios, Alex 24.551 1936 864 6 Hunter, Torii 24.547 452 205 0 Ordonez, Magglio 25.546 2083 943 2 Jones, Garrett 25.537 216 100 0 Giles, Brian 26.545 2156 976 5 Schierholtz, Nate 26.536 289 134 0 Green, Shawn 27.541 1122 511 4 Pence, Hunter 27.535 546 257 3 Cuddyer, Michael 28.541 2065 947 1 Choo, Shin-Soo 28.535 318 148 0 Abreu, Bobby 29.538 2869 1318 9 Paul, Xavier 29.534 193 90 0 Hawpe, Brad 30.499 2266 1129 6 Kubel, Jason 30.506 182 90 0

21. First base Range 2005-2011 Hands 2005-2011 Name Rank Range GB GBH Name Rank Hands InfG IFH ROE Pujols, Albert 1.853 2085 306 Morneau, Justin 1.956 1022 27 18 Johnson, Nick 2.843 760 119 Helton, Todd 2.955 1319 39 21 Barton, Daric 3.842 701 111 Casey, Sean 3.951 492 14 10 Gonzalez, Adrian 4.842 1703 270 Overbay, Lyle 4.950 1368 38 30 Votto, Joey 5.837 1070 175 Morales, Kendrys 5.949 410 11 10 Kotchman, Casey 6.836 1084 177 Sexson, Richie 6.948 659 21 13 Howard, Ryan 7.836 1613 265 Kotchman, Casey 7.948 907 36 11 Youkilis, Kevin 8.835 902 149 Youkilis, Kevin 8.948 753 30 9 Overbay, Lyle 9.834 1641 273 Teixeira, Mark 9.948 1518 53 26 Teixeira, Mark 10.832 1824 306 Huff, Aubrey 10.947 449 16 8 Lee, Derrek 11.830 1387 235 Sanchez, Gaby 11.945 403 14 8 Pena, Carlos 12.820 1209 217 Konerko, Paul 12.943 1120 38 26 Morales, Kendrys 13.819 501 91 LaRoche, Adam 13.939 1254 45 31 Jackson, Conor 14.818 618 113 Pujols, Albert 14.939 1779 67 42 Helton, Todd 15.817 1615 296 Berkman, Lance 15.935 1033 43 24 Fielder, Prince 16.817 1447 265 Gonzalez, Adrian 16.934 1433 62 32 Berkman, Lance 17.816 1267 234 Delgado, Carlos 17.929 805 30 27 Loney, James 18.814 1150 214 Loney, James 18.928 936 41 26 LaRoche, Adam 19.810 1549 295 Barton, Daric 19.927 590 25 18 Delgado, Carlos 20.807 998 193 Johnson, Nick 20.927 641 27 20 Millar, Kevin 21.807 858 166 Cabrera, Miguel 21.924 763 35 23 Konerko, Paul 22.804 1393 273 Lee, Derrek 22.923 1152 48 41 Casey, Sean 23.801 614 122 Howard, Ryan 23.921 1348 48 59 Morneau, Justin 24.800 1278 256 Millar, Kevin 24.919 692 36 20 Huff, Aubrey 25.794 565 116 Pena, Carlos 25.916 992 49 34 Sanchez, Gaby 26.793 508 105 Jackson, Conor 26.913 505 23 21 Garko, Ryan 27.792 580 121 Butler, Billy 27.912 411 18 18 Cabrera, Miguel 28.791 965 202 Garko, Ryan 28.909 459 23 19 Butler, Billy 29.787 522 111 Votto, Joey 29.908 895 44 38 Sexson, Richie 30.776 850 191 Fielder, Prince 30.896 1182 70 53

22. Second base Range 2005-2011 Hands 2005-2011 Name Rank Range GB GBH Name Rank Hands InfG IFH ROE Hill, Aaron 1.830 2560 436 Pedroia, Dustin 1.940 1673 79 21 Kinsler, Ian 2.826 2586 449 Polanco, Placido 2.937 1576 86 13 Matsui, Kazuo 3.822 1375 245 Carroll, Jamey 3.932 1140 61 17 Utley, Chase 4.819 2967 536 Grudzielanek, Mark 4.931 1224 68 16 Ellis, Mark 5.816 2745 504 Matsui, Kazuo 5.931 1130 52 26 Kendrick, Howard 6.814 1754 326 Infante, Omar 6.928 966 50 20 Grudzielanek, Mark 7.812 1508 284 Ellis, Mark 7.926 2241 142 23 Phillips, Brandon 8.809 2619 501 Cano, Robinson 8.923 2716 152 56 Carroll, Jamey 9.808 1411 271 Hill, Aaron 9.920 2124 134 36 Lopez, Jose 10.807 2114 409 Johnson, Kelly 10.919 1608 90 40 Kennedy, Adam 11.806 1672 325 Kendrick, Howard 11.919 1428 92 24 Pedroia, Dustin 12.804 2080 407 Kennedy, Adam 12.917 1347 83 29 Weeks, Rickie 13.802 2221 439 Utley, Chase 13.917 2431 151 51 Hudson, Orlando 14.800 2933 586 Roberts, Brian 14.915 2093 142 37 Sanchez, Freddy 15.799 1634 329 Kent, Jeff 15.914 1095 61 33 Miles, Aaron 16.799 1352 272 Sanchez, Freddy 16.913 1305 102 11 Johnson, Kelly 17.798 2016 408 Lopez, Jose 17.913 1705 104 44 Biggio, Craig 18.795 1100 225 Lopez, Felipe 18.911 767 42 26 Cano, Robinson 19.793 3423 707 Castillo, Luis 19.910 1629 119 28 Roberts, Brian 20.793 2640 547 Phillips, Brandon 20.909 2118 163 30 Infante, Omar 21.792 1219 253 Biggio, Craig 21.907 875 56 25 Giles, Marcus 22.791 1425 298 Miles, Aaron 22.907 1080 74 26 Belliard, Ronnie 23.790 1526 321 Kinsler, Ian 23.907 2137 140 58 Uggla, Dan 24.790 2909 612 Belliard, Ronnie 24.907 1205 82 30 Castillo, Luis 25.785 2075 446 Durham, Ray 25.907 1021 70 25 Polanco, Placido 26.782 2016 440 Iguchi, Tadahito 26.903 1137 89 21 Beckham, Gordon 27.769 976 226 Hudson, Orlando 27.903 2347 192 35 Durham, Ray 28.768 1329 308 Giles, Marcus 28.899 1127 90 24 Iguchi, Tadahito 29.765 1487 350 Uggla, Dan 29.893 2297 187 59 Kent, Jeff 30.751 1457 362 Weeks, Rickie 30.859 1782 178 74

23. Third base Range 2005-2011 Hands 2005-2011 Name Rank Range GB GBH Name Rank Hands InfG IFH ROE Longoria, Evan 1.898 1336 136 Chavez, Eric 1.907 950 64 24 Ensberg, Morgan 2.869 947 124 Lowell, Mike 2.900 1325 88 44 Crede, Joe 3.865 1382 187 Rolen, Scott 3.898 1633 110 56 Hannahan, Jack 4.863 920 126 Inge, Brandon 4.895 2172 149 80 Kouzmanoff, Kevin 5.862 1497 207 Blake, Casey 5.894 1217 85 44 Figgins, Chone 6.860 1272 179 Crede, Joe 6.893 1195 86 42 LaRoche, Andy 7.859 878 124 Feliz, Pedro 7.887 1643 123 62 Zimmerman, Ryan 8.856 2137 308 Hannahan, Jack 8.887 794 68 22 Blake, Casey 9.850 1432 215 Atkins, Garrett 9.884 1203 83 57 Beltre, Adrian 10.849 2543 385 Glaus, Troy 10.883 1216 98 44 Mora, Melvin 11.848 2035 309 Jones, Chipper 11.883 1445 110 59 Feliz, Pedro 12.847 1940 297 Blalock, Hank 12.883 749 61 27 Rolen, Scott 13.846 1931 298 Sandoval, Pablo 13.877 721 60 29 Reynolds, Mark 14.845 1467 228 Beltre, Adrian 14.874 2158 184 87 Sandoval, Pablo 15.842 856 135 Rodriguez, Alex 15.874 1782 156 68 Wright, David 16.841 2698 428 Stewart, Ian 16.874 736 70 23 McGehee, Casey 17.837 864 141 Ensberg, Morgan 17.871 823 77 29 Bautista, Jose 18.836 1028 169 McGehee, Casey 18.870 723 51 43 Atkins, Garrett 19.835 1440 237 Mora, Melvin 19.869 1726 161 65 Inge, Brandon 20.834 2604 432 LaRoche, Andy 20.866 754 69 32 Lowell, Mike 21.832 1593 268 Zimmerman, Ryan 21.866 1829 169 77 Jones, Chipper 22.829 1744 299 Teahen, Mark 22.863 917 76 50 Glaus, Troy 23.827 1470 254 Kouzmanoff, Kevin 23.860 1290 139 42 Encarnacion, Edwin 24.825 1602 280 Longoria, Evan 24.855 1200 127 47 Ramirez, Aramis 25.824 2069 364 Figgins, Chone 25.852 1093 109 53 Chavez, Eric 26.823 1154 204 Ramirez, Aramis 26.852 1705 170 83 Rodriguez, Alex 27.809 2203 421 Wright, David 27.847 2270 239 109 Cabrera, Miguel 28.799 857 172 Bautista, Jose 28.843 859 91 44 Teahen, Mark 29.797 1150 233 Encarnacion, Edwin 29.828 1322 133 94 Blalock, Hank 30.794 944 195 Reynolds, Mark 30.824 1239 142 76

24. Shortstop Range 2005-2011 Hands 2005-2011 Name Rank Range GB GBH Name Rank Hands InfG IFH ROE Everett, Adam 1.841 1771 281 Vizquel, Omar 1.906 1438 113 22 Vizquel, Omar 2.831 1731 293 Tulowitzki, Troy 2.900 2016 158 43 Furcal, Rafael 3.828 2934 503 Gonzalez, Alex 3.898 2063 160 51 Ryan, Brendan 4.828 1588 274 Ramirez, Alexei 4.898 1328 96 40 Greene, Khalil 5.823 1772 314 Hardy, J.J. 5.897 2144 172 49 Wilson, Jack 6.821 2637 471 Escobar, Yunel 6.895 1697 128 50 Rollins, Jimmy 7.820 3368 608 Reyes, Jose 7.893 2444 181 81 Bartlett, Jason 8.819 2843 514 Izturis, Cesar 8.892 1694 135 48 Scutaro, Marco 9.817 2049 375 Ryan, Brendan 9.892 1314 109 33 Cedeno, Ronny 10.817 1833 336 Wilson, Jack 10.890 2166 189 50 Aybar, Erick 11.816 1813 334 Drew, Stephen 11.889 1860 161 46 Cabrera, Orlando 12.814 2967 551 Jeter, Derek 12.888 2439 202 71 Gonzalez, Alex 13.814 2534 471 Everett, Adam 13.887 1490 132 36 Uribe, Juan 14.814 1896 353 Greene, Khalil 14.886 1458 133 33 Renteria, Edgar 15.814 2667 497 Betancourt, Yuniesky 15.886 2463 178 104 Ramirez, Alexei 16.811 1637 309 Young, Michael 16.885 1776 155 50 Lugo, Julio 17.811 1680 318 Scutaro, Marco 17.884 1674 144 50 Izturis, Cesar 18.810 2090 396 Cedeno, Ronny 18.880 1497 128 51 Escobar, Yunel 19.809 2099 402 Uribe, Juan 19.880 1543 141 44 Tulowitzki, Troy 20.807 2497 481 Furcal, Rafael 20.878 2431 209 87 Hardy, J.J. 21.804 2667 523 Rollins, Jimmy 21.876 2760 286 56 Tejada, Miguel 22.803 2984 587 Peralta, Jhonny 22.874 2341 222 72 Drew, Stephen 23.799 2327 467 Bartlett, Jason 23.871 2329 218 83 Theriot, Ryan 24.797 1704 346 Theriot, Ryan 24.866 1358 137 45 Reyes, Jose 25.797 3067 623 Ramirez, Hanley 25.866 2113 196 88 Ramirez, Hanley 26.795 2658 545 Tejada, Miguel 26.863 2397 254 74 Young, Michael 27.790 2247 471 Renteria, Edgar 27.862 2170 233 66 Peralta, Jhonny 28.789 2968 627 Lugo, Julio 28.861 1362 122 67 Jeter, Derek 29.777 3139 700 Cabrera, Orlando 29.859 2416 276 65 Betancourt, Yuniesky 30.773 3188 725 Aybar, Erick 30.857 1479 162 49

25. Adjustments After collecting the observed factual record, predictable biases can be measured to create expected totals Observed can be compared to expected, in context of league mean, with odds ratio, log5, ratios or differences Run values can be assigned to each skill and the sum of skills, whether observed or adjusted Many situational factors will even out given enough playing time, but park factors are persistent

26. Infield Range (Quickness of Infield) Location Stadium Factor St Louis New Busch Stadium 1 1.107 Detroit Comerica Park 2 1.103 Miami Sun Life Stadium 3 1.088 Los Angeles Dodger Stadium 4 1.085 Milwaukee Miller Park 5 1.078 Bronx New Yankee Stadium 6 1.068 Cleveland Progressive Field 7 1.059 Phoenix Chase Field 8 1.036 Anaheim Angel Stadium 9 1.030 Chicago Wrigley Field 10 1.029 Philadelphia Citizens Bank Park 11 1.026 Seattle Safeco Field 12 1.025 Baltimore Camden Yards 13 1.023 New York Shea Stadium 14 1.013 Houston Minute Maid Park 15 1.013 Boston Fenway Park 16 1.011 Kansas City Kauffman Stadium 17 1.008 Minneapolis Humphrey Metrodome 18 1.007 Cincinnati Great American Ball Park 19 0.997 Chicago U.S. Cellular Field 20 0.987 Denver Coors Field 21 0.978 New York Citi Field 22 0.973 Pittsburgh PNC Park 23 0.970 Arlington Rangers Ballpark 24 0.967 Washington RFK Stadium 25 0.967 Oakland Oakland Coliseum 26 0.956 Minneapolis Target Field 27 0.946 Atlanta Turner Field 28 0.944 Washington Nationals Park 29 0.939 San Francisco AT&T Park 30 0.914 Toronto Rogers Centre 31 0.912 St Petersburg Tropicana Field 32 0.908 Bronx Yankee Stadium 33 0.898 San Diego PETCO Park 34 0.828

27. Infield Hands (Reliable Bounces) Location Stadium Factor Chicago Wrigley Field 1 1.092 Cleveland Progressive Field 2 1.081 San Francisco AT&T Park 3 1.061 Chicago U.S. Cellular Field 4 1.057 Detroit Comerica Park 5 1.057 Bronx New Yankee Stadium 6 1.055 Toronto Rogers Centre 7 1.055 Philadelphia Citizens Bank Park 8 1.054 New York Citi Field 9 1.042 Bronx Yankee Stadium 10 1.040 Milwaukee Miller Park 11 1.039 Houston Minute Maid Park 12 1.033 Atlanta Turner Field 13 1.032 Denver Coors Field 14 1.024 St Petersburg Tropicana Field 15 1.018 Miami Sun Life Stadium 16 1.011 Cincinnati Great American Ball Park 17 0.993 Minneapolis Humphrey Metrodome 18 0.990 St Louis New Busch Stadium 19 0.987 Seattle Safeco Field 20 0.982 Anaheim Angel Stadium 21 0.981 Washington Nationals Park 22 0.976 New York Shea Stadium 23 0.973 Minneapolis Target Field 24 0.972 Arlington Rangers Ballpark 25 0.965 Oakland Oakland Coliseum 26 0.962 Los Angeles Dodger Stadium 27 0.961 Boston Fenway Park 28 0.959 Kansas City Kauffman Stadium 29 0.953 Phoenix Chase Field 30 0.952 Pittsburgh PNC Park 31 0.946 Baltimore Camden Yards 32 0.932 Washington RFK Stadium 33 0.929 San Diego PETCO Park 34 0.924

28. Air Ball Hits (Should be by position) Location Stadium Factor Boston Fenway Park 1 1.254 Houston Minute Maid Park 2 1.160 Minneapolis Target Field 3 1.129 Denver Coors Field 4 1.120 Atlanta Turner Field 5 1.118 Anaheim Angel Stadium 6 1.109 Chicago Wrigley Field 7 1.097 Baltimore Camden Yards 8 1.081 Minneapolis Humphrey Metrodome 9 1.080 Pittsburgh PNC Park 10 1.041 Philadelphia Citizens Bank Park 11 1.029 Bronx New Yankee Stadium 12 1.025 Bronx Yankee Stadium 13 1.015 Milwaukee Miller Park 14 1.013 San Francisco AT&T Park 15 1.008 Chicago U.S. Cellular Field 16 1.004 Los Angeles Dodger Stadium 17 1.001 Cincinnati Great American Ball Park 18 0.996 Phoenix Chase Field 19 0.991 Toronto Rogers Centre 20 0.980 New York Shea Stadium 21 0.974 Cleveland Progressive Field 22 0.961 Miami Sun Life Stadium 23 0.947 Arlington Rangers Ballpark 24 0.942 New York Citi Field 25 0.931 Kansas City Kauffman Stadium 26 0.914 San Diego PETCO Park 27 0.885 St Petersburg Tropicana Field 28 0.882 Seattle Safeco Field 29 0.854 Oakland Oakland Coliseum 30 0.850 Washington Nationals Park 31 0.847 Detroit Comerica Park 32 0.824 Washington RFK Stadium 33 0.819 St Louis New Busch Stadium 34 0.757

29. Foul Flies Location Stadium Factor Chicago Wrigley Field 1 0.837 Boston Fenway Park 2 0.884 Arlington Rangers Ballpark 3 0.897 Anaheim Angel Stadium 4 0.901 Miami Sun Life Stadium 5 0.903 Los Angeles Dodger Stadium 6 0.922 Cleveland Progressive Field 7 0.927 New York Shea Stadium 8 0.931 Bronx Yankee Stadium 9 0.934 Pittsburgh PNC Park 10 0.948 San Francisco AT&T Park 11 0.959 Kansas City Kauffman Stadium 12 0.965 New York Citi Field 13 0.965 Baltimore Camden Yards 14 0.976 Minneapolis Target Field 15 0.978 Washington Nationals Park 16 0.980 Houston Minute Maid Park 17 0.984 Denver Coors Field 18 0.997 St Petersburg Tropicana Field 19 1.004 Milwaukee Miller Park 20 1.008 Chicago U.S. Cellular Field 21 1.027 San Diego PETCO Park 22 1.034 Minneapolis Humphrey Metrodome 23 1.034 Atlanta Turner Field 24 1.043 Bronx New Yankee Stadium 25 1.059 Toronto Rogers Centre 26 1.073 Phoenix Chase Field 27 1.077 Philadelphia Citizens Bank Park 28 1.082 Cincinnati Great American Ball Park 29 1.087 Seattle Safeco Field 30 1.112 Washington RFK Stadium 31 1.119 St Louis New Busch Stadium 32 1.133 Detroit Comerica Park 33 1.150 Oakland Oakland Coliseum 34 1.190

30. All Park Factors Location Stadium FoulFly InfieldH GrndBallH AirBallH Homerun Anaheim Angel Stadium 4 0.901 21 0.981 9 1.030 6 1.109 18 0.948 Arlington Rangers Ballpark 3 0.897 25 0.965 24 0.967 24 0.942 11 1.097 Atlanta Turner Field 24 1.043 13 1.032 28 0.944 5 1.118 17 0.959 Baltimore Camden Yards 14 0.976 32 0.932 13 1.023 8 1.081 6 1.169 Boston Fenway Park 2 0.884 28 0.959 16 1.011 1 1.254 21 0.928 Bronx New Yankee Stadium 25 1.059 6 1.055 6 1.068 12 1.025 1 1.285 Bronx Yankee Stadium 9 0.934 10 1.040 33 0.898 13 1.015 13 1.034 Chicago U.S. Cellular Field 21 1.027 4 1.057 20 0.987 16 1.004 3 1.247 Chicago Wrigley Field 1 0.837 1 1.092 10 1.029 7 1.097 7 1.127 Cincinnati Great American Ball Park 29 1.087 17 0.993 19 0.997 18 0.996 2 1.282 Cleveland Progressive Field 7 0.927 2 1.081 7 1.059 22 0.961 27 0.872 Denver Coors Field 18 0.997 14 1.024 21 0.978 4 1.120 9 1.110 Detroit Comerica Park 33 1.150 5 1.057 2 1.103 32 0.824 19 0.946 Houston Minute Maid Park 17 0.984 12 1.033 15 1.013 2 1.160 4 1.218 Kansas City Kauffman Stadium 12 0.965 29 0.953 17 1.008 26 0.914 31 0.822 Los Angeles Dodger Stadium 6 0.922 27 0.961 4 1.085 17 1.001 15 1.010 Miami Sun Life Stadium 5 0.903 16 1.011 3 1.088 23 0.947 23 0.913 Milwaukee Miller Park 20 1.008 11 1.039 5 1.078 14 1.013 10 1.107 Minneapolis Humphrey Metrodome 23 1.034 18 0.990 18 1.007 9 1.080 20 0.934 Minneapolis Target Field 15 0.978 24 0.972 27 0.946 3 1.129 34 0.679 New York Citi Field 13 0.965 9 1.042 22 0.973 25 0.931 33 0.755 New York Shea Stadium 8 0.931 23 0.973 14 1.013 21 0.974 12 1.038 Oakland Oakland Coliseum 34 1.190 26 0.962 26 0.956 30 0.850 28 0.860 Philadelphia Citizens Bank Park 28 1.082 8 1.054 11 1.026 11 1.029 8 1.124 Phoenix Chase Field 27 1.077 30 0.952 8 1.036 19 0.991 16 0.997 Pittsburgh PNC Park 10 0.948 31 0.946 23 0.970 10 1.041 25 0.873 St Louis New Busch Stadium 32 1.133 19 0.987 1 1.107 34 0.757 26 0.873 St Petersburg Tropicana Field 19 1.004 15 1.018 32 0.908 28 0.882 14 1.023 San Diego PETCO Park 22 1.034 34 0.924 34 0.828 27 0.885 30 0.824 San Francisco AT&T Park 11 0.959 3 1.061 30 0.914 15 1.008 29 0.833 Seattle Safeco Field 30 1.112 20 0.982 12 1.025 29 0.854 24 0.889 Toronto Rogers Centre 26 1.073 7 1.055 31 0.912 20 0.980 5 1.173 Washington Nationals Park 16 0.980 22 0.976 29 0.939 31 0.847 22 0.921 Washington RFK Stadium 31 1.119 33 0.929 25 0.967 33 0.819 32 0.809

31. DER by Bat Hand 3B SS 2B 1B RHB.863.881.902.904 LHB.785.854.921.929 LF CF RF RHB.443.612.649 LHB.639.599.422 Balls pulled to the outfield are more likely to be line drives and are harder to catch, while opposite field balls are higher in air and easier to catch Infield grounders are reverse, with pulled balls easier to field than those hit more slowly to the opposite side

32. Infield Range by Base/Out Outs Bases 0 1 2 <2 0.832.834.838.833 1.784.787.820.786 2.844.842.848.843 3.817.774.850.815 12.808.819.853.784 13.791.794.830.793 23.822.814.840.816 123.777.797.844.791 Holding the runner at first and playing for a double play reduce each infielder’s range

33. Hands Rating on Bunts Swinging away Bunting Pos Out% InfG InfH ROE Out% InfG InfH ROE Diff 1.886 27211 2338 765.822 7284 1057 238 -.064 2.860 1873 173 90.848 2296 315 35 -.012 3.930 38580 1538 1182.827 2607 422 28 -.103 4.916 74238 4574 1631.317 328 223 1 -.599 5.862 61422 5569 2927.648 3435 1159 50 -.214 6.875 82797 7606 2759.048 62 59 0 -.827 Catchers see little difference between bunts and swinging away, pitchers somewhat more First and third basemen have substantial drops Batters are rarely put out on bunts to middle infielders

34. Various Hit Rates by Pitcher GB% GB% VertA InfH GBH AirH AirHR.30 21.1.071.202.343.091.35 19.5.068.185.365.081.40 17.4.066.181.378.080.45 14.2.064.174.402.077.50 11.8.065.168.415.073.55 9.3.062.167.435.071.60 5.5.063.160.456.072 When a pitcher gets a higher rate of ground balls, he also allows more low angle and fewer high angle fly balls The low angle fly balls (which include line drives) are more likely to be hits but less likely to be home runs More ground balls also means softer ground balls, up to 20% fewer ground hits to outfield

35. Why stick with play by play? Factual, counted stats, easy to understand ratings Pairing play by play with remote sensing can result in better understanding of the game and play by play That better understanding can be applied to leagues and years where remote sensing is not available