1. Development of Islam
Unit 5
Chapter 11
Lesson 3

2. Vocabulary
Pilgrimage (hajj)– journey to a place of religious importance
Mecca – Holiest site in Islam
Islam – religion revealed to the Prophet Muhammad
Caravans – groups of people and animals traveling together
Muslims – name of believers of Islam
Medina – 2nd holiest site in Islam
Caliphs – successors to Muhammad – like kings/emperors
Mosque – a Muslim place of worship
Jihad – a religious duty in Islam – literally “struggle”

3. Pilgrimage to Mecca Muslims are believers in Islam
All Muslims must go on a pilgrimage, or Hajj, to Mecca at least once in their lifetime
Mecca is the holy city of Islam
the most iconic structure of Islam is the Ka'bah
It is considered the most sacred spot on Earth by Muslims

4. The Quran is the Holy book of Islam
Considered the verbatim word of Allah, God, as revealed to Muhammad by Gabriel over 23 years
Seen as the finest piece of Arabic literature
Quran is also spelled Koran

5. Islam is the religion that was revealed to Muhammad by the angel Gabriel

6. Muhammad means “praised one”
Muhammad founded the religion of Islam
570 CE – Muhammad born in Mecca
Orphaned as a child
610 CE - Muhammad receives visions
613 CE – began preaching in public
622 CE – Muhammad and followers fled to Medina
632 CE – Muhammad died
the Mosque of the Prophet in Medina, Saudi Arabia, with the Green Dome built over Muhammad's tomb in the center

7. Caravans were an important trade link to help the spread of Islam

8. Muslims are followers of Islam

9. The spread of Islam by the Caliphs

11. SHAHADAH PROFESSION OF FAITH1
SHAHADAH PROFESSION OF FAITH
Muslims believe in one God and several prophets, including Muhammad
“There is no God but God and Muhammad is his prophet”
See Abraham, Moses and Jesus as prophets
Muhammad is the last and Greatest of all the Prophets
Mohammed solves a dispute over lifting the black stone into position at the Kaaba. The legends tell how, when Mohammed was still a young man, the Kaaba was being rebuilt and a dispute arose between the various clans in Mecca over who had the right rededicate the black stone. Mohammed resolved the argument by placing the stone on a cloth and having members of each clan lift the cloth together, raising the black stone into place cooperatively.

12. Salat RITUAL PRAYER Five daily prayers 2
Usually occurs in a Mosque, a muslim place of worship
Ritual wash before praying recquired
Must face East toward holy city of Mecca

13. Zakat Charity to the Poor3
Zakat Charity to the Poor
Muslims donate funds to help others
Giving Alms to the poor
By giving part of what they own to the poor Muslims unite the community

14. SAWM Fasting during Ramadan4
SAWM Fasting during Ramadan
Muslims fast during the 9th month of the Muslim Calendar
No food or drink from daybreak to sunset
Ramadan is days long
Celebration of the End of Ramadan from “The Magamat” Hariri Gicle

15. HAJJ Pilgrimage to Mecca5
HAJJ Pilgrimage to Mecca
The Path of the Hajj
A pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca must be made if at all possible
The Hajj involves pilgrims visiting the Masjid al-Haram, but mainly camping and spending time in the plains of Mina and Arafah

16. Mosque is a Muslim place of worship
Built in CE of baked bricks, the Great Mosque of Samarra is known for its 52m spiral minaret (Malwiyya).
The Great Qutub minar in Delhi constructed in 1192.

17. REVIEW: Islam is the religion revealed to Muhammad
Muslims are believers in Islam
Mecca is the holy city of Islam
Quran is the holy book of Islam
Muhammad is the founder of Islam
Jihad is religious duty in Islam
Pillars of Islam are the 5 duties of Muslims