2. CHAPTER OVERVIEW SECTION 5.1 – MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
The Business Benefits of a Solid MIS Infrastructure
Supporting Operations: Information MIS Infrastructure
Supporting Change: Agile MIS Infrastructure
SECTION 5.2 – BUILDING SUSTAINABLE MIS INFRASTRUCTURES
MIS and the Environment
Supporting the Environment: Sustainable MIS Infrastructure

3. SECTION 5.1 MIS Infrastructures

4. LEARNING OUTCOMES
Explain MIS infrastructure and its three primary types
Identify the three primary areas associated with an information MIS infrastructure
Describe the characteristics of an agile MIS infrastructure

5. THE BUSINESS BENEFITS OF A SOLID MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
MIS infrastructure – Includes the plans for how a firm will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and MIS assets
Hardware
Software
Network
Client
Server

6. THE BUSINESS BENEFITS OF A SOLID MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Supporting operations
Information MIS infrastructure
Supporting change
Agile MIS Infrastructure
Supporting the environment
Sustainable MIS infrastructure

7. SUPPORTING OPERATIONS: INFORMATION MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Backup and recovery plan
Disaster recovery plan
Business continuity plan

8. Backup and Recovery Plan
Backup – An exact copy of a system’s information
Recovery – The ability to get a system up and running in the event of a system crash or failure
Fault tolerance
Failover
Failback

9. Backup and Recovery Plan
Disaster recovery plan – A detailed process for recovering information or an IT system in the event of a catastrophic disaster such as a fire or flood
Disaster recovery cost curve – Charts (1) the cost to the organization of the unavailability of information and technology and (2) the cost to the organization of recovering from a disaster over time

10. Backup and Recovery Plan

11. Backup and Recovery Plan
Hot site – A separate and fully equipped facility where the company can move immediately after a disaster and resume business
Cold site – A separate facility that does not have any computer equipment, but is a place where employees can move after a disaster
Warm site – A separate facility with computer equipment that requires installation and configuration

12. Business Continuity Plan
Business continuity planning (BCP) – A plan for how an organization will recover and restore partially or completely interrupted critical function(s) within a predetermined time after a disaster or extended disruption
Emergency notification services

13. SUPPORTING CHANGE: AGILE MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Characteristics of an agile MIS infrastructure
Accessibility
Availability
Maintainability
Portability
Reliability
Scalability
Usability

14. Accessibility
Accessibility – Refers to the varying levels that define what a user can access, view, or perform when operating a system
Administrator access – Unrestricted access to the entire system

15. Availability Availability – Time frames when the system is operational
Unavailable – Time frames when a system is not operating and cannot be used
High availability – System is continuously operational at all times

16. Maintainability
Maintainability – How quickly a system can transform to support environmental changes
Organizations must watch today’s business, as well as tomorrow’s, when designing and building systems
Systems must be flexible enough to meet all types of business changes

17. Portability
Portability – The ability of an application to operate on different devices or software platforms

18. Reliability
Reliability – Ensures a system is functioning correctly and providing accurate information
Reliability is another term for accuracy when discussing the correctness of systems within the context of efficiency IT metrics

19. Scalability
Scalability – How well a system can scale up, or adapt to the increased demands of growth
Performance – Measures how quickly a system performs a process or transaction
Capacity planning – Determines future environmental infrastructure requirements to ensure high-quality system performance

20. Usability
Usability – The degree to which a system is easy to learn and efficient and satisfying to use

21. SECTION 5.2 Building Sustainable MIS Infrastructures

22. LEARNING OUTCOMES
Identify the environmental impacts associated with MIS
Explain the three components of a sustainable MIS infrastructures along with their business benefits

23. MIS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Moore’s Law – Refers to how the computer chip performance per dollar doubles every 18 months
Sustainable, or “green,” MIS – Describes the production, management, use, and disposal of technology in a way that minimizes damage to the environment
Corporate social responsibility – Companies’ acknowledged responsibility to society

24. MIS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Three Primary Side Effects of Businesses’ Expanded Use of Technology

25. Increased Electronic Waste
Ewaste – Refers to discarded, obsolete, or broken electronic devices
Sustainable MIS disposal – Refers to the safe disposal of MIS assets at the end of their life cycle

26. Increased Energy Consumption
Huge increases in technology use have greatly amplified energy consumption
The energy consumed by a computer is estimated to produce as much as 10 percent of the amount of carbon dioxide produced by an automobile

27. Increased Carbon Emissions
The major human-generated greenhouse gases, such as carbon emissions from energy use, are very likely responsible for the increases in climatic temperature over the past half a century
When left on continuously, a single desktop computer and monitor can consume at least 100 watts of power per hour

28. SUPPORTING THE ENVIRONMENT: SUSTAINABLE MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
The components of a sustainable MIS infrastructure include
Grid computing
Cloud computing
Virtualized computing

29. Grid Computing
Grid computing - A collection of computers, often geographically dispersed, that are coordinated to solve a common problem
Grid computing – a collection of computers, often geographically dispersed, that are coordinated to solve a common problem.
With grid computing, a problem is broken into pieces and distributed to many machines, allowing faster processing than could occur with a single system. Computers typically use less than 25 percent of their processing power, leaving more than 75 percent available for other tasks. Innovatively, grid computing takes advantage of this unused processing power by linking thousands of individual computers around the world to create a “virtual supercomputer” that can process intensive tasks
Smart grid – delivers electricity using two-way digital technology.

30. Cloud Computing
Cloud computing - Refers to the use of resources and applications hosted remotely on the Internet

31. Cloud Computing Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)

32. Virtualized Computing
Virtualization - Creates multiple “virtual” machines on a single computing device

33. Virtualized Computing
Data center – A facility used to house management information systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems
Sustainable data centers
Reduces carbon emissions
Reduces required floor space
Chooses geographic location