1. Anatomy and Physiology of Human Movement 420:050
The Shoulder Girdle
Anatomy and Physiology of Human Movement
420:050

2. Objectives
Bones, bony landmarks and joints
Muscles
Movements

3. The Shoulder Girdle The scapula and clavicle Two joints Functions
Dynamic stability
Increased ROM

4. From Seeley RR, Stephens TD, Tate P; anatomy and physiology, ed 7, New York, 2006, McGraw-Hill

5. From Seeley RR, Stephens TD, Tate P; anatomy and physiology, ed 7, New York, 2006, McGraw-Hill

6. Joints Shoulder girdle (scapulothoracic) Scapula moves on the rib cage
Joint motion occurs at sternoclavicular joint & to a lesser amount at the acromioclavicular joint

7. Joints Sternoclavicular (SC) Anteriorly with protraction
(Multiaxial) arthrodial/gliding classification
Movements
Anteriorly with protraction
Posteriorly with retraction
Superiorly with elevation
Inferiorly with depression

8. Joints Acromioclavicular (AC) Movements Often injured
Arthrodial/gliding classification
Movements
Some gliding & rotational motion accompanying other shoulder girdle & shoulder joint motions
Often injured

9. Objectives
Bones, bony landmarks and joints
Muscles
Movements

10. Muscles Five muscles primarily involved in shoulder girdle movements
All originate on axial skeleton & insert on scapula and/or clavicle
Do not attach to humerus & do not cause shoulder joint actions
Functions:
Stability
ROM of shoulder joint

11. Shoulder Girdle Muscles
Five muscles primarily involved in shoulder girdle movements
Trapezius - upper, middle, lower
Rhomboid - deep
Levator scapula
Serratus anterior
Pectoralis minor - deep

12. Trapezius

13. Levator Scapulae

14. Rhomboids

15. Serratus Anterior

16. Pectoralis Minor

17. Subclavius

18. Objectives
Bones, bony landmarks and joints
Muscles
Movements

19. Movements Focus on specific bony landmarks
inferior angle
glenoid fossa
acromion process
Shoulder girdle movements = scapula movements

20. Movements Elevation Depression
upward or superior movement, as in shrugging shoulders
Depression
downward or inferior movement, as in returning to normal position

21. Movements Abduction (protraction) Adduction (retraction)
scapula moves laterally away from spinal column
Adduction (retraction)
scapula moves medially toward spinal column

22. Movements Upward rotation Downward rotation
turning glenoid fossa upward & moving inferior angle superolaterally away from spinal column
Downward rotation
returning inferior angle inferomedially toward spinal column & glenoid fossa to normal position

23. Shoulder Girdle Movements
Elevation
Shoulder Girdle Movements
Abduction
Adduction
Upward
Rotation
Downward
Rotation
Depression

24. Movements Anterior tilt (upward tilt) Posterior tilt (downward tilt)
Rotational movement of scapula about frontal axis
Occurs during glenohumeral hyperextension
Posterior tilt (downward tilt)
Occurs during glenohumeral hyperflexion

25. Movements Lateral tilt (outward tilt)
Rotational movement about its vertical axis
Occurs during protraction
Medial tilt (return from lateral tilt, inward tilt)
Occurs during retraction

26. Movements Shoulder joint & shoulder girdle work together
Shoulder girdle movement independent
Upward/downward rotation?
Shoulder girdle muscles
Stabilize scapula
Enhance ROM of shoulder joint

28. ELEVATION Proximal attachment: Above or below scapula/clavicle?
How many muscles fit this criteria?
Upper fibers trapezius
Middle fibers trapezius
Rhomboids
Levator Scapulae

30. DEPRESSION Proximal attachment: Above or below scapula/clavicle?
How many muscles fit this criteria?
Lower fibers trapezius
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius

32. RETRACTION Proximal attachment: In front (ribs) or behind (spine)?
How many muscles fit this criteria?
Trapezius (all fibers)
Rhomboids
Levator scapulae

34. PROTRACTION Proximal attachment: In front (ribs) or behind (spine)?
How many muscles fit this criteria?
Serratus anterior
Pectoralis minor

36. UPWARD ROTATION Upward or downward torque?
How many muscles fit this criteria?
Trapezius (all fibers)
Serratus anterior

38. DOWNWARD ROTATION Upward or downward torque?
How many muscles fit this criteria?
Pectoralis minor
Rhomboids