1. Long forms, contracted forms (short forms)
Long forms, contracted forms of to be (am, are, is) - detailed explanations

2. to be (am, are, is) affirmative negative long form short form I am I'm
I am not
I'm not
he, she, it:
he is
he's
he is not
he isn't or he's not
we, you, they:
we are
we're
we are not
we aren't or we're not

3. to be (was, were) affirmative negative long form short form
I, he, she, it:
he was -
he was not
he wasn't
we, you, they:
we were
we were not
we weren't

4. have got affirmative negative long form short form I, we, you, they:
we have got
we've got
we have not got
we've not got or we haven't got
he, she, it:
he has got
he's got
he has not got
he's not got or he hasn't got

5. had affirmative negative long form short form
every time regardless the subject (I, he, she, it, we, you, they):
I had
I'd
I had not
I hadn't

6. do affirmative negative long form short form I, we, you, they: I do -
I do not
I don't
he, she, it:
he does
he does not
he doesn't

7. did affirmative negative long form short form
every time regardless the subject (I, he, she, it, we, you, they):
I did -
I did not
I didn't

8. Modals (can, could, must, might, will, would, shall, should, ought to)
affirmative
negative
long form
short form
can -
cannot
can't
could
could not
couldn't
must
must not
mustn't
might
might not --
need
need not
needn't
will
'll
will not
won't
would 'd
would not
wouldn't
shall
shall not
shan't
should
should not
shouldn't
ought to
ought not to
oughtn't to

9. The short forms 's and 'd have two different long forms: he's = he is or he has he'd = he would or he had
We seldom use short forms after names and nouns. Peter has got a book. = Peter's got a book. The children have visited London. = The children've visited London.
When have is a full verb, we do not use the short form. They have breakfast at 6 o'clock.