1. Matthew
Chapter 10

2. Matthew 10:1
And when he had called unto him his twelve disciples, he gave them power against unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal all manner of sickness and all manner of disease.
[disciples] is a follower, a student, someone learning with the idea of becoming a follower. There were more than 12 disciples, while THE 12 are very special, as they become “apostles” - sent ones. Jesus called his 12 disciples. He didn’t draft them, force them, or ask them to volunteer; he chose them to serve him in a special way. Christ calls us today.
[power] - given to disciples to do certain tasks.

3. Unclean Spirits The Birth of Abraham
In Chapter 8 of Jasher Nimrod tries to kill infant Abraham
The Birth of Moses
Pharaoh tries to kill all male Children
Births of John the Baptist and Jesus
Herod’s massacre of male children
The return of Jesus
Most ferocious period of demonic activity world has ever seen.
The power against demons was, and remains, directly related to the advancement of God's kingdom.
The only thing that makes any since about America’s econimic crises today is demonic activity, there is no other explanation.

4. Matthew 10:2
Now the names of the twelve apostles are these; The first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother;
Apostles—This is the first place where the word is used. The word was anciently used to signify a person commissioned by a king to negotiate any affair between him and any other power or people.
[The first, Simon, who is called Peter] Mentioned first in all four lists of the apostles (Matthew 10:2; Mark 3:16; Luke 6:14; Acts 1:13).
[Andrew his brother] First of Christ's disciples (John 1:33-42). Tradition says he was of the tribe of Reuben.
[James the son of Zebedee] English form of Jacob. Brother of John and son of Zebedee Tradition says that he was of the tribe of Levi.
[John his brother] John the beloved disciple
Four brothers right up front

5. Disciples / Apostles Disciple: Someone who is a student or
follower and given certain
tasks.
Apostle: One who is now qualified to be
sent out, “the sent ones”

6. Matthew 10:3
Philip, and Bartholomew; Thomas, and Matthew the publican; James the son of Alphaeus, and Lebbaeus, whose surname was Thaddaeus;
[Bartholomew] Was also called Nathaniel, brother of Philip
[Thomas] He is one of the 12 apostles, called also Didymus
[Matthew] Matthew, called Levi, son of Alphaeus and brother of James Matthew the publican—He is the only one who appends his profession, because it is an indictment, it is like saying he has leprosey. In none of the four lists of the Twelve is this apostle so branded but in his own, as if he would have all to know how deep a debtor he had been to his Lord. He knows who Christ is and knows he is not worthy.
[James] The son of Alphaeus and cousin of Jesus and brother to Judas (not Iscariot), He is distinguished from James the half-brother of Jesus in Acts 1: This person was also called Cleopas, or Clopas,
[Lebbaeus, whose surname was Thaddaeus;] Judas, brother of James the son of Alphaeus

7. Matthew 10:4
Simon the Canaanite, and Judas Iscariot, who also betrayed him.
[Simon the Canaanite] Simon called Zelotes; One of the 12 apostles, called "the Canaanite"
[Judas Iscariot] He was an ordinary man, the son of Simon (John 6:71; John 12:4; John 13:2,26); a genuine chosen and empowered apostle.
There are prophecies concerning him (Matthew 26:21-25; Mark 14:18-21; Luke 22:21-23; John 13:18-26; John 17:12; Acts 1:16,20 with Psalm 41:9; Psalm 69:25; Psalm 109:8; Zech. 11:12-13). Judas Iscariot is always listed last; Judas wasn’t saved.

8. The Apostles Simon Peter 7. Thomas Andrew 8. Matthew – (tax collector)
James James – (Son of Alphaeus)
John Thaddeus (or Lebbaeus)
Philip Simon, the Canaanite
Bartholomew Judas Iscariot

9. Matthias or Paul? Some view Paul as the 12th as the
replacement for Judas (vs. Matthias).
The Apostles’ mission was very Jewish.
Matthias was chosen to be the 12th apostle
after Judas had betrayed Jesus.
Paul was the apostle to the Gentiles. Paul
mentions the twelve, and Mathias at that
point was one of the twelve. (1 Cor 15:5)

10. Instructions This chapter gives instructions to
- The apostles in the past vv. 1-15
- The apostles of the future Tribulation
period vv
- God’s servants today vv
We can’t apply these instructions to ourselves. Some we can but not all, we should realize this before we go into the instructions.

11. Matthew 10:5
These twelve Jesus sent forth, and commanded them, saying, Go not into the way of the Gentiles, and into any city of the Samaritans enter ye not:
Very different from Acts chapter 1 Their mission was limited to Jews. Very focused.
The full time for preaching the gospel to the Gentiles was not come.
Goyim, “Gentiles” (see 5:47N). In some Jewish circles today “Gentile” and “Christian” are regarded as interchangeable terms, but this is a mistake, confusing one’s people with one’s religion. The word “Gentile” means only “non-Jew”; it does not mean “Christian.”

12. Matthew 10:6-7
6But go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. 7And as ye go, preach, saying, The kingdom of heaven is at hand.
Their challenge (here in Chapter 10) is to go specifically to the lost sheep of the House of Israel. Jesus Himself up to this point has been doing the same thing. The Gentiles that He healed were along the way, they were not His focus or His mission.
Obviously, these verses do not contain our commission. Contrast it with our commission in Acts 1:8: “… and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth.”
The Jews were waiting for the Messiah to usher in his kingdom. They hoped for a political and military kingdom that would free them from Roman rule and bring back the days of glory under David and Solomon.

13. Matthew 10:8
Heal the sick, cleanse the lepers, raise the dead, cast out devils: freely ye have received, freely give.
Supernatural empowerings: Healing the sick, cleansing the lepers, and raising the dead! Casting out demons.
They were not to sell their favours of healing, preaching, etc. They were not to make a money-making business of it, to bargain specially to heal for so much, and to cast out devils for so much. This, however, neither then nor afterwards precluded them from receiving a competent support

14. Matthew 10:9-10
9Provide neither gold, nor silver, nor brass in your purses, 10Nor scrip for your journey, neither two coats, neither shoes, nor yet staves: for the workman is worthy of his meat.
Do not spend your lives making provision for self-support before obeying the call of God. Do not wait to save so much money, or even until you have extra coats or shoes—GO WHEN YOU ARE CALLED
Extra coats, shoes, and staves could just encumber you.
It is maintenance, and that only, which a minister of God is to expect, and that he has a Divine right to; but not to make a fortune, or lay up wealth:

15. Matthew 10:11
And into whatsoever city or town ye shall enter, inquire who in it is worthy; and there abide till ye go thence.
Don’t go house to house!
Of good character or of like faith, for a preacher must be careful of his reputation and lodge only with proper and reputable people.
But in our day, I don’t think our Lord would have us go into a town and ask, “Who is worthy in this town; who is your outstanding Christian?” then go and knock on his door and say, “Look, I’m here.”

16. Matthew 10:12-13
12And when ye come into an house, salute it. 13And if the house be worthy, let your peace come upon it: but if it be not worthy, let your peace return to you.
Shalom aleikhem. The word “shalom” means not only “peace” but also tranquility, safety, well-being, welfare, health, contentment, success, comfort, wholeness and integrity. “Shalom aleikhem” means “Peace be upon you” and is a common greeting, as is simply “Shalom!”
If your peace finds a shut, instead of an open, door in the heart of any household, take it back to yourselves, who know how to value it; and it will taste the sweeter to you for having been offered, even though rejected.

17. Matthew 10:14-15
14And whosoever shall not receive you, nor hear your words, when ye depart out of that house or city, shake off the dust of your feet. 15Verily I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrha in the day of judgment, than for that city.
Jews considered the dust of heathen lands as defiling compared to that of the holy land (Ezekiel 45:1; Amos 7:17), so to shake the dust of any place off their feet meant they recognized it as rejected by God.
[more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrha in the day of judgment, that for that city] This teaches degrees of punishment in hell.
The cities of Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed by fire from heaven because of their wickedness (Genesis 19:24-25). Those who reject the gospel when they hear it will be worse off than the wicked people of these destroyed cities, who never heard the gospel at all.

18. Matthew 10:16
Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves.
[wolves] A symbol of greedy rulers, hypocrites, and false prophets.
[serpents] Serpents never unduly expose themselves to attack and doves never provoke hostility.

19. Matthew 10:17
But beware of men: for they will deliver you up to the councils, and they will scourge you in their synagogues;
All synagogues had their councils of 3 to 23 men. They tried all cases that did not go before the Sanhedrin or the supreme court. They could excommunicate (John 9:22), scourge (Deut. 25:3; 2 Cor. 11:24), or stone to death (Deut. 22:24; John 8:5; Acts 7:58; Acts 14:19).

20. Matthew 10:18
And ye shall be brought before governors and kings for my sake, for a testimony against them and the Gentiles.
This prediction was completely and abundantly fulfilled,
Later the disciples experienced these hardships (Acts 5:40; Acts 12:1-3), not only from without (governments, courts), but also from within (friends, family; Matthew 10:21).

21. Matthew 10:19-20
19But when they deliver you up, take no thought how or what ye shall speak: for it shall be given you in that same hour what ye shall speak. 20For it is not ye that speak, but the Spirit of your Father which speaketh in you.
Jesus told the disciples that when arrested for preaching the gospel, they should not worry about what to say in their defense—God’s Spirit would speak through them. Jesus is not telling us to stop preparing but to stop worrying.

22. Matthew 10:21
And the brother shall deliver up the brother to death, and the father the child: and the children shall rise up against their parents, and cause them to be put to death.
The gospel brings division and strife in families and nations, because some love darkness rather than light.
This may be found in history, in present day, and appears also to be more severe in the future, in the last days.

23. Matthew 10:22
And ye shall be hated of all men for my name’s sake: but he that endureth to the end shall be saved.
Standing firm to the end is not a way to be saved but the evidence that a person is really committed to Jesus. Persistence is not a means to earn salvation; it is the by-product of a truly devoted life.

24. Matthew 10:23
But when they persecute you in this city, flee ye into another: for verily I say unto you, Ye shall not have gone over the cities of Israel, till the Son of man be come
Note the alternate warnings and instructions on what to do in persecutions: warnings (Matthew 10:16-18), then instructions (Matthew 10:19-20); warnings (Matthew 10:21-22), then instructions (Matthew 10:23-26).
Not a cowardly flight, but a wise act to further the gospel. It deprives persecutors of their evil design, and conveys truth to others. If the preacher stayed and was killed he could not help the local flock or start others elsewhere.
Christ warned the disciples against premature martyrdom. They were to leave before the persecution got too great. We have plenty of work to do and many people to reach. Our work won’t be finished until Christ returns. And only after he returns will the whole world realize his true identity

25. Matthew 10:24
The disciple is not above his master, nor the servant above his lord.
No man can ever expect to be greater than Christ,

26. Matthew 10:25
It is enough for the disciple that he be as his master, and the servant as his lord. If they have called the master of the house Beelzebub, how much more shall they call them of his household?
[Beelzebub] a Philistine word which means “Lord of the House” in reference to an evil house, or also translated as “Chief of Demons.” The Philistine god of flies (2 Kings 1:2). Jews changed it to Beelzebub, the dung god, or lord of the dunghill—a most contemptuous and vile idol.
“Ba‛al-zibbul” meaning “defecator.

27. Matthew 10:26
Fear them not therefore: for there is nothing covered, that shall not be revealed; and hid, that shall not be known.
Do not fear man, so as to hide unwanted truth.

28. Matthew 10:27
What I tell you in darkness, that speak ye in light: and what ye hear in the ear, that preach ye upon the housetops.
housetops] Being flat, they were used for public proclamations and other activities.

29. Matthew 10:28
And fear not them which kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul: but rather fear him which is able to destroy both soul and body in hell.
[hell] Greek: gehenna (GSN-1067), eternal hell where the bodies and souls of all wicked will be marred and tormented forever.
which is able to destroy both soul and body in hell—A decisive proof this that there is a hell for the body as well as the soul in the eternal world; in other words, that the torment that awaits the lost will have elements of suffering adapted to the material as well as the spiritual part of our nature, both of which, we are assured, will exist for ever.

30. Matthew 10:29-31
29Are not two sparrows sold for a farthing? and one of them shall not fall on the ground without your Father. 30But the very hairs of your head are all numbered. 31Fear ye not therefore, ye are of more value than many sparrows.
Sparrows are inexpensive.
[farthing] Greek: assarion (GSN-787), worth about 5 cents today.
He knows more about you than you do!
Jesus said that God is aware of everything that happens even to sparrows, and you are far more valuable to him than they are. You are so valuable that God sent his only Son to die for you (John 3:16).

31. Matthew 10:32-33
32Whosoever therefore shall confess me before men, him will I confess also before my Father which is in heaven. 33But whosoever shall deny me before men, him will I also deny before my Father which is in heaven.
The same word, in the original, is translated confess and profess,
Hence, to "confess" Yeshua is not simply a matter of "saying the words," but of identifying with who He is (what He represents), which is the Torah, as He is the goal of the Torah (Romans 10:4).
A Christian can easily avoid persecution by denying that he or she is Jesus' disciple. But the true disciple does not fear death (v. 28) and will publicly acknowledge and confess Jesus. whoever denies me. The eternal consequences for those who deny Christ, in fact, will be far worse than the persecution that they sought to avoid.

32. Matthew 10:34
Think not that I am come to send peace on earth: I came not to send peace, but a sword.
Jesus did not come to bring the kind of peace that glosses over deep differences just for the sake of superficial harmony. Conflict and disagreement will arise between those who choose to follow Christ and those who don’t.

33. Matthew 10:35-36
35For I am come to set a man at variance against his father, and the daughter against her mother, and the daughter in law against her mother in law. 36And a man’s foes shall be they of his own household.
Rabbis taught that this would be the condition in the days of the Messiah. By this Christ claimed to be the Messiah (Micah 7:5-6).
The Talmud too applies Micah 7:6 to Messianic times:

34. Matthew 10:37
He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me.
Jesus is calling you to a commitment of all that you are, above all other relationships that you have.
[more than me] This is breaking the first commandment
Christ calls us to a higher mission than to find comfort and tranquility in this life.

35. Matthew 10:38
And he that taketh not his cross, and followeth after me, is not worthy of me.
[is not worthy of me] Three times for emphasis (Matthew 10:37-38).
We have become so accustomed to this expression—“taking up one’s cross”—in the sense of “being prepared for trials in general for Christ’s sake,” that we are apt to lose sight of its primary and proper sense here—“a preparedness to go forth even to crucifixion,” as when our Lord had to bear His own cross on His way to Calvary—a saying the more remarkable as our Lord had not as yet given a hint that He would die this death, nor was crucifixion a Jewish mode of capital punishment

36. Matthew 10:39
He that findeth his life shall lose it: and he that loseth his life for my sake shall find it.
Whoever lives a life of self-gratification will lose it; whoever puts to death the sinful deeds of the body will gain it.
This verse is a positive and negative statement of the same truth: clinging to this life may cause us to forfeit the best from Christ in this world and in the next. The more we love this life’s rewards (leisure, power, popularity, financial security), the more we will discover how empty they really are. The best way to enjoy life, therefore, is to loosen our greedy grasp on earthly rewards so that we can be free to follow Christ. In doing so, we will inherit eternal life and begin at once to experience the benefits of following Christ.

37. Matthew 10:40
He that receiveth you receiveth me, and he that receiveth me receiveth him that sent me.
When the minister is thus accepted, his message is also embraced as truth. If he will preach Christ and God, both will be received if he is received. If men will not hear of Christ or God they will not receive the minister sent by them.

38. Matthew 10:41
He that receiveth a prophet in the name of a prophet shall receive a prophet’s reward; and he that receiveth a righteous man in the name of a righteous man shall receive a righteous man’s reward.
Receiving a false prophet as a true one, or a wicked man posing as a righteous man, will not be rewarded.
If a person receives such or bids him God-speed one is a partaker of his evil deeds (2 John 1:9-11). We cannot receive every teacher of religion and expect to be rewarded even if we make a mistake. We will be judged for the mistake, for we are plainly told, "by their fruits ye shall know them"

39. Matthew 10:42
And whosoever shall give to drink unto one of these little ones a cup of cold water only in the name of a disciple, verily I say unto you, he shall in no wise lose his reward.
[little ones] A term used of new believers and children.
The rabbins have a similar saying: “He that gives food to one that studies in the law, God will bless him in this world, and give him a lot in the world to come.”

40. End of Matthew Chapter 10