1. SOFTWARE QUALITY ASSURANCE Asst. Prof. Dr. Selim BAYRAKLI Maltepe University Faculty of Engineering SE 410

2. CHAPTER 2 SOFTWARE PROCESS 2 SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance

3. 3 Process Concept Process for Software Aim of Process Technology Conceptual Model of a Process What is Software Engineering Process Process Approach Software Process Establishment Software Process Assessment Software Process Improvement Organization and Process Overview

4. What is Process SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 4 “Product is not important but Process” Developing the software and products integrated with the software – plus – activities, methods and applications that are used for maintenance

5. Process Concept SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 5 The aim of process is to develope a standard, to reduce variabilities and to provide consistent enhancements. Characteristics of a Process; Process is a way of performing a job to realize an aim, Generally it consists of sub-processes, steps and operaitons, Documented as written and graphically, Repeatable, Has inputs and outputs, Has actors, Has rules. Can be defined as simple or complex.

6. Process Concept (cont) SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 6 Example; Customer Relations can be defined as a single process. Or you can devide this process into sub processes like; market research process, capturing client requirements process, feasibility process, modeling requirements.

7. Example: A Good Organisation Process SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 7 Test engineer writes up a problem report and sends it to project manager. Project manager checks out the problem report and arranges a change request. Then sends the request to the analyst. The Analyst analyses the change request, indicates additional modules and performs requested changes. Afterwards design changes are made and the document «Change Request 1» is produced.

8. Example: A Good Organisation Process (cont) SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 8 The configuration manager modifies requirements and design documents configuration. Gives the «Change Request 1» to the programmer. Programmer modifies/updates the code. Gives the new code back to the configuration manager. The configuration manager sends the new code to testing and integration. If the results are positive, the product can be released to market.

9. Process Concept for Software SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 9 Software Process is the definition of how the tasks are performed like implementation, management, planning, support, enhancement.

10. Process Concept for Software (cont) SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 10 Examples of Software Processes; Software Specification (Engineering), Design & Implementation (Engineering), Verification, Validation (Support), Execution (Support), Quality Management (Management), Project Management (Management).

11. Aim of Process Technology SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 11 To produce a process model and to base that model upon all softwsare operations. Besides to provide computer aided process support.

12. Conceptual Model of a Process SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 12 One of the main factors of the process model is the actor and its role. Other factors are activities, products, tools and policies.

13. What is Software Engineering Process SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 13 The series of all software engineering activities that are essential to make the client’s requirements into software. Software engineering process consists of technical methods and automated tools.

14. Process Approach SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 14 There are three stages in Software Process: Software Process Establishment Software Process Assessment Software Process Improvement

15. Software Process Establishment SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 15 To achieve a stable production environment by identifying and documenting processes, staff training, starting implementation and being on the track.

16. Software Process Establishment (cont) SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 16 Determine and analyse reference model Determine and analyse your own needs Define processes Work with your process system between 1-3 year and make necessary changes.

17. Software Process Assessment SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 17 SPA is examining and grading the software processes of an organization in a disipled way. Two objectives: Create a program to enhance the process, Determining abilities (to assign job/project). Assessment is based on an international standard method.

18. Process Assessment (cont) SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 18 There are different models and standards: CMM, Bootstrap, CMMI, and ISO 15504 grades the process or the software developer team. ISO 9001 and TickIT grades as «Passed» or «Failed». Organization can have their own models.

19. Software Process Improvement SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 19 According to the assessment results, a plan must be prepared and applied to change the processes in an appropriate and required way. Then the results must be re- evaluated to see whether the expected improvement is provided or not. Provides to perform organisation’s business objectives; productivity growth, quality improvement, Client satisfaction.

20. Process Improvement (cont) SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 20 SPI can be performed; to gain a targeted grade, for continuous improvement,

21. The Aim of Measure and Enhancement SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 21 SPA Where are we? Where is the world? BusinessRequirements Comparisonstandards Where do we want to be

22. Process Assessment Environment SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 22 Process ProcessImprovementSkillDetermination Process Assessment Determines Changes Analyses Determines skills and risks motivates guides guides

23. Organisation and Process SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 23 A software of high quality can only be developed with an appropriate infrastructure. The maturity level of the organisations effects the quality of the software directly.

24. Mature Organisations… SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 24 A skill can be found in organization-wide to manage the software development and maintenance. The software development process is delivered to all employee and new staff correctly. All activities are carried out with regard to a certain plan. Roles and responsibilities are determined for the Project and organisation.

25. Immature Organisations… SE 410 - Software Quality Assurance 25 Software development processes are not documented. Processes are developed during the Project extemporarily. No specific software development process. Managers are always busy to resolve crisis Activities for quality improvement are usually ignored because of late delivery.