1. Institute Of Applied Technology ATE 1012 Grade 10 Eng. Rose Hasan

2.  Be familiar with the usage of Multi-meters, Oscilloscopes and Function Generators  Perform Measurements of electrical quantities using measuring instruments  Test diodes and connectivity Eng. Rose Hasan

3.  Introduction  Multimeter  Voltage Measurement  Current Measurement  Resistance Measurement  Diode Testing  Continuity Test  Function Generator  Oscilloscope  Practical Tasks Eng. Rose Hasan

4.  Measuring and Test Equipment are used to:  measure electrical quantities  test electrical components  generate different types of signals to test the response of the circuit to that signal.  Measuring and test equipment can be used to:  troubleshoot electrical problems in many industrial and household devices such as batteries, lamps, motor controls and wiring systems Eng. Rose Hasan

6.  Purpose: A multi-meter is an electronic measuring instrument that combines several functions in one unit. It is used to:  measure voltage, current and resistance and to test diodes and connectivity Eng. Rose Hasan

8.  Types: There are two types of multimeters:  analog & digital Eng. Rose Hasan

10.  Voltage Measurement (Voltmeter): To measure the DC voltage across electrical components in a circuit, follow these steps:  Select on the digital multi-meter's setting switch on the largest voltage range.  Connect the positive (RED) (+) lead to the part of the circuit that is connected to the positive (+) side of the supply (battery). Eng. Rose Hasan

11.  Connect the negative (BLACK) (-) lead to the part of the circuit that is connected to the negative (-) side of the supply (battery).  Switch on the multi-meter by pressing "POWER" button. Then select the best range that will give you the most accurate results.  Record the reading and the unit that are displayed in the multimeter's display. Eng. Rose Hasan http://serc.carleton.edu/sp/compadre/interactive/examples/19095.ht ml http://www.physics-chemistry-interactive-flash- animation.com/electricity_electromagnetism_interactive/multimete r.htm

12.  Items Required: Eng. Rose Hasan

13.  Measure the voltage across the batteries using a multi-meter: Eng. Rose Hasan

14.  Record your readings on the following table. The true value is the value written on the battery Eng. Rose Hasan

15.  3. Compare the measured value with the true value of the voltage written in the battery. Is the measured value close to the real value? If no, state why?  ______________________________________  4. You can test a battery using Multi-meter by:  (a) Voltage measurement  (b) Connectivity test  (c) Diode Test Eng. Rose Hasan

16.  Current Measurements : To measure the DC current flowing in electrical circuit, follow these steps:  Plug the BLACK (-) probe into the COM input jack and the RED (+) probe into the mA or A input jack.  Adjust the digital multi-meter for current measurements.  Switch off the power in the circuit. Eng. Rose Hasan

17.  Break the circuit between elements where the current to be measured.  Insert the probes of the multi-meter in the place where do you break the circuit.  Switch on the multi-meter.  Select the best range that will give you the most accurate results.  Record the reading and the unit that are displayed in the multi-meter's display Eng. Rose Hasan

19.  Resistance Measurements (Ohmmeter): To measure the resistance of a resistor, follow these steps:  Turn Off the power to the circuit and remove the components to be tested.  Select on the digital multi-meter's setting switch on the lowest resistance range. Eng. Rose Hasan

20.  Plug the BLACK (-) probe into the COM input jack and the RED (+) probe into the Ώ input jack.  Connect the probe tips across the component you want to measure its resistance  Switch on the multi-meter and select the best range that will give you the most accurate results.  Record the reading and the unit that are displayed in the multimeter's display. Eng. Rose Hasan

22.  Items Required: Eng. Rose Hasan

23.  Measure the resistance across different resistors using a multimeter and color code Eng. Rose Hasan

24.  2. Record your readings on the following table Eng. Rose Hasan

25.  3. Compare the value of resistance measured by the multi-meter and color code. Are the values close to each other?  -------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------- Eng. Rose Hasan

26.  Items Required:  Resistors (200Ώ), multi-meters  Electricity & Electronics Constructor, EEC470  Basic Electricity and Electronics Kit EEC471-2  Power supply unit Eng. Rose Hasan

27.  Construct the simple circuit shown below. Use 200 Ώ resistor values. Eng. Rose Hasan

28.  Connect the multi-meter to the power supply.  Make sure that the variable dc control knob is fully counter clockwise, and then switch on the power supply.  Increase the applied voltage in 2 V steps from 0 V up to 5 V. Eng. Rose Hasan

29.  At each step measure the current flowing in the resistor. Record your reading in the following table: Eng. Rose Hasan

30.  To measure the resistance of a resistor, follow these steps:  Turn Off the power to the circuit and remove the components to be tested.  Select on the digital multi-meter's setting switch on the lowest resistance range.  Plug the BLACK (-) probe into the COM input jack and the RED (+) probe into the Ώ input jack. Eng. Rose Hasan

31.  Connect the probe tips across the component you want to measure its resistance  Switch on the multi-meter and select the best range that will give you the most accurate results.  Record the reading and the unit that are displayed in the multimeter's display. Eng. Rose Hasan

32.  To test if the diode is functioning or not, follow these steps:  Adjust the digital Multi-meter for diode-testing.  Connect the positive lead (Red) (+) to the anode (A(+)) and connect the negative lead (BLACK) (-) to the cathode (K(-))  Switch on the multi-meter. For a diode in a good condition the reading will be ≤ 300 mV for Ge diode and ≤ 700 mV for Si diode. Eng. Rose Hasan

34.  Now connect the (RED) (+) lead to the (K(-)) and (BLACK) (-) lead to the (A(+))  For a diode in a good condition the reading will be for both types. Eng. Rose Hasan

35.  To test if two points are electrically connected, follow these steps:  Turn Off the power to the circuit  Adjust the digital Multi-meter for continuity- testing and Switch on the multi-meter.  When the probes aren't touching, the display shows "1“. Eng. Rose Hasan

37.  When you touch the tips of the probes together, the display changes to a three digit mode. The multi-meter will also emit a beep. Eng. Rose Hasan

38.  http://www.wisc- online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AM T2104 Eng. Rose Hasan

39.  Purpose: Function generator is used to produce different waveform such as:  Sine  Square  Triangular Eng. Rose Hasan

40.  It is used to test and examine the response of an electrical circuit to that signal.  (i.e. the motor response to a square or triangular signal). Eng. Rose Hasan

41.  Main Control Keys: The function generator has many control keys to control the:  waveform shape  amplitude  Frequency  http://www.physics-chemistry-interactive- flash- animation.com/electricity_interactive.htm Eng. Rose Hasan

42.  The following table shows function generator main keys and their usage. Eng. Rose Hasan

43.  Purpose: Oscilloscope is a device that is used to display different waveforms simultaneously  (i.e the input and output of an amplifier). Eng. Rose Hasan

44.  Main Control Keys: Oscilloscope has many control keys to scale the:  amplitude  periods of the displayed waveform. Eng. Rose Hasan

45.  The following table shows some oscilloscope main keys and their usage. Eng. Rose Hasan

46.  Items Required:  Function Generator  Oscilloscope  speaker Eng. Rose Hasan

48. Oscilloscope

49. Eng. Rose Hasan

50. http://physics-zone.com/lab_oscfunctiongen.html Oscilloscope Lab Worksheet Eng. Rose Hasan

51. 1. Connect the function generator and oscilloscope as shown below. Eng. Rose Hasan

52. 2. Set the function generator to give 5v pk and 1 kHz. 3. Select channel A on the oscilloscope. Set the volt/division scale to 5v and time/division to 250 us (μs). 4. Amplitude Measurement: measure the pk-pk voltage of the waveform as seen in the following: Eng. Rose Hasan

53.  Volt/division scale = -----------------------------  No. of divisions = -----------------------------  Pk-Pk voltage = ----------------------------- 5. Period Measurements: measure the period of the waveforms seen in figure Eng. Rose Hasan

54.  Time/division scale = -----------------------------  No. of divisions = -----------------------------  T (Period) = ----------------------------- Eng. Rose Hasan

55.  Be prepared for a Quiz next Class in module #4.  Do Homeworks 1 & 2 (From my Wiki).  Next Class: Start with Module #5 Eng. Rose Hasan