1. Paper:
A Thousand Year Old Technology Still Under Development

2. Paper is Evolving
Paper accounts for the highest cost in book manufacturing.
Demand for writing papers continue to decline.
There is constant pressure to reduce costs.
The addition of inkjet is changing the rules on paper chemistry and increasing paper costs.

3. A New Printing Process
The introduction of high speed aqueous inkjet printing required an entire new line of paper chemistry.
Although inkjet can run on traditional uncoated stock, treated and inkjet coated stocks were developed for dye and pigment to enhance print and color clarity by slowing colorant absorbed into the sheet.

4. New Aqueous Ink “Water Based” Inks: 65% - 95% water
Extremely thin- very low viscosity
Pigment Ink
Colorant is a “flake”
Chosen more for book printing
Provides better color fidelity on
uncoated sheets
Dye Ink
Colorant is a “solution”
Provides better color fidelity on inkjet
coated sheets

5. New Ink + Old Paper Printing with traditional uncoated grades
Used for low image quality
requirements and to keep paper
cost low, but…
Allows more ink to dive through
the sheet and lessens color and
clarity
Darken or mutes colors
Image mottle in color blocks
Curl and cockle with lighter stocks
Heavy solids can cause finishing issues
Print will not resist water

6. Using Uncoated Paper Dye -based Inks Pigment Inks Water based
Colorant dives into the sheet with the carrier fluid
Particles are more immobilized higher to sheet surface. Still dives
Color Gamut
Small, muted
Larger than dye, muted
Show Through
Has show through on light weight papers
Stability
Prone to fade
UV resistant
Solid Black
Density
Low:
Medium:
Solids Fill
Flat color with little definition
low contrast & definition
Dot Gain
Control from 20% to100%
Control from 65% to 100%
Ink & Paper Costs
Stabilizing
Stabilizing –new chemistry
Water Resistant
NO- easily rewets, bleeds
Pigment is generally water resistant. Will bleed through

7. New Ink + New Paper Aqueous inks need paper which: Slows absorption
Dries quickly
Slows disruption of paper structure
Binds colorant on surface
Keeps more colorant on the surface
Provides image and color fidelity

8. Using Treated Paper Dye -based Inks Pigment Inks Water based
Colorant is more mobilized on the sheet surface
Color Gamut
Large
Larger than Dye
Show Through
Has show through on light weight papers
Stability
Prone to fade
UV resistant
Solid Black
Density
Low: ; clean colors- paper dependent
Higher: ; cleaner colors- paper dependent
Solids Fill
Good density, and image definition
Great density, and image definition
Dot Gain
Control from 20% to100%
Control from 65% to 100%
Paper Costs
Stabilizing
Water fast
Depends on paper treatment
Pigment is general water fast

9. Paper Differences
Uncoated - Least expensive, color dives into surface, spreads and dives unevenly. Lowest print quality. $ cost.
Inkjet Treated - Light coating on surface or in mixture, color sits higher to the surface, more spread and dive control. Higher print quality. $$ cost.
Inkjet Coated - Coating applied to paper surface, color sits upon surface, excellent spread control. Highest print quality. $$$ coat. Note some coated stocks do not dry well on some inkjet printers

10. Print Quality = Ink +Paper
Print Effect
Aqueous Ink
Paper
Ink Density
Pigment inks better
Pig-Pretreated/Treated
Show through
Happens with pigment or dye
Pig-Pretreated/Treated 60# and up
Dye-Treated 60# and up
Ink Bleed/Spread
Dye- Treated
Wicking
Paper Curl and Cockle
Pretreated/Treated require less ink. Reduce ink coverage
Text and Color Gamut
Both pigment and dye can provide with correct paper
Light/Water fastness
Pigment Ink
Inline/Pretreated
Side to side color and image mottle
Dependent on paper
Formation and inkjet coating/treatment consistency

11. Papers Affect Production
If proper papers and weights are not chosen increased production costs and downtime can occur
Paper curl and cockle
Finishing jams and rough cuts
Score cracking
Paper dusting
Increased paper dust

12. New Paper= Price Increase
More steps and chemistry
added to the process
Increase density, color
and image quality
Expands color gamut
Slows disruption of paper
structure
Helps reduce downstream
finishing issues
Uncoated
147, 000 colors
@1200X
Treated
229, 000 colors
@1200X

13. New Paper Availability
As of this writing there are a multitude of paper mills in the USA as well as overseas manufacturing papers specially for aqueous dye and pigment inks
Only certain mills offer treated PPI options
Some mills require minimum order runs or truckload sizes
As mills consolidate, inkjet paper grades may change names or chemistry. Always double check for consistency
Adds more SKU’s to your floor

14. Process Color Differences
RGB Photo
Color Gamut Comparison
Some digital printing machines/inks have wider color gamut than traditional litho printing.
Choose the process which best represents your book print, color and image quality needs!
Litho
Indigo Liquid Toner
Inkjet Dye
Inkjet Pigment
Inkjet UV
Printing has different reproducible color space !

15. What it Means for You Inkjet creates an efficiency for small runs
Papers which deliver better print quality are currently more $
Choose the process which best suits your density and print fidelity requirements
Variable and personalization is a value added which can be incorporated into publishing

16. Providing inkjet machine, paper and print quality
5774 West 900 North, Fountaintown IN 46130
@InkjetGenie
Providing inkjet machine, paper and print quality
consulting before and after the inkjet purchase.