1. Status of Operational GNSS Augmentations in United States
Pamela Gomez
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
WAAS GCCS Team Lead

2. GNSS In U.S.
U.S. Has Approved Use of Global Positioning System (GPS) For Aircraft Navigation For Over A Decade
FAA Working With Other U.S. Federal Government Agencies To Insure Modernization of GPS Improves Aviation Capabilities
FAA Has Commissioned the FAA’s GNSS Space Based Augmentation System (SBAS)
Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)
FAA Is Continuing Development Of the GNSS Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS)
Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS)
FAA Has Committed To A “Performance Based National Airspace System”
Fully utilize the capabilities of all equipment aboard the aircraft
Implement Required Navigation Performance (RNP)

3. GNSS SBAS (WAAS – In USA)
Enhances Navigation In All Phases Of Flight
Enroute, Arrival, and Departure:
Provides 100% Availability Of GNSS For Even The Most Critical RNP or RNAV Operations
Provides Coverage At All Altitudes From 100,000 Feet To The Surface
Provides Navigation Services To Users That Are Not Currently Served
Approach:
Enhances Safety By Providing Vertical Guidance To Every Runway End In The Coverage Area
No Ground Hardware Required At Airport
Allows IFR Operations To All Qualified Airports

4. SBAS: WAAS Background
August 2000: FAA Makes WAAS Available For Non IFR Aviation Use
Signal Available At Surface For All Users
July 2003: Initial Operating Capability (IOC) For All Aircraft Instrument Flight Rule Use
100% Coverage CONUS & Alaska From 100,000 Ft. To Surface
Horizontal Accuracy 1.5M
Vertical Accuracy 3M
Better Than % Availability Of System
95% Availability In CONUS Of Instrument Approaches With Vertical Guidance
Enhances safety
250 foot Decision Height / ¾ Mile Visibility minimums
No ground hardware required
Instrument approach procedure required for each runway end

5. WAAS Architecture

6. Area Navigation Availability

7. Current LPV Approach Availability

8. WAAS Development Schedule
Development Will Continue In Two Segments
LPV Segment
GLS Segment
Improvements To Ground Components To Complete “LPV Segment”
Software Efficiency Improvements, Integrity Monitor Improvements, And Additional Ground Reference Stations Will Be Brought Online Incrementally
End State Performance Will Result In Greater Availability Of Approach With Vertical Guidance (LPV – 250ft Minimums)
99% Continental United States
95% In Most Of Alaska
Addition of GEO Satellites To Provide At Least Two In View To All Users Over All CONUS And Alaska
Improvements To Ground Components To Complete “GLS Segment”
Requires GPS Modernization – L5 Frequency
WAAS 200’ Minimums (First WAAS Precision Approach)
Requires Hardware And Software Modifications
2007

9. Development Activities: LPV
Hardware
13 Additional Wide Area Reference Stations To Improve Availability And Coverage
4 Alaska
5 Mexico
4 Canada
Equipment Upgrade Using Commercial Off The Shelf Hardware When Feasible
Communications
Enhancing The Terrestrial Communications Network
Software
More Efficient Integrity Monitor Algorithms
Enhanced O&M Efficiency
Prime Contractor - Raytheon

10. Predicted LPV Availability 2008 Full LPV Capability

11. North America
USA, Canada, and Mexico Are Working Through The North American Aviation Trilateral (NAAT) Regional Cooperation Meeting On Civil Aviation Safety, Security, Capacity, And Efficiency To Cooperate On The Implementation of GNSS In The North American Region
Canada And Mexico Will Host Additional Reference Stations To WAAS System
5 Mexico
4 Canada
Provides WAAS Coverage In Canada And Mexico
Improves Availability For U.S.

12. Canada Installing Four Reference Stations Site Surveys Complete
Goose Bay
Gander
Iqaluit
Winnipeg
Site Surveys Complete
First Two Sites Will Be Installed In August 2005, Second Two Installed In August 2006
Expect Operational In 2006 And 2007 Respectively
Lateral Navigation/Vertical Navigation (LNAV/VNAV) -- Type of APV-I
350’ decision height
1½-mile visibility
556m horizontal alert limit (HAL)
50m vertical alert limit (VAL)
LNAV/VNAV improved through TERPS optimization to provide Lateral Precision with Vertical Guidance, or LPV procedures.
LNAV (NPA) = 400’ DH
Lateral Precision with Vertical Guidance (LPV) -- Type of APV-I
250’ decision height
¾ mile visibility without proper lighting (½ mile visibility with proper lighting)
40m HAL
50m VAL
LPV and LNAV/VNAV approaches do not require any equipment beyond standard WAAS Technical Standard Order (TSO) avionics.

13. Mexico Installing Five Reference Stations
Mexico City
Merida
Puerto Vallarta
La Paz
Tapachula
Three Site Surveys Completed In August, The Remaining Two Next Summer
First Three Sites Installed In August 2005, Second Two Installed In August 2006
Expect Operational In 2006 And 2007 Respectively

14. WAAS – GLS Development Will Commence In 2008
In USA, GLS Capability Will Require Modernized GPS Constellation
Addition Of Second Frequency, L5
Availability Of L5 For Operational Use By Aviation Expected By 2013
FAA Ground Upgrade Complete In 2013
Hardware:
Upgrade of Reference Station Receivers To Receive L5
Software:
Broadcast Of WAAS Message On L5
Will Eliminate Loss Of Vertical Guidance Caused By Ionospheric Storms
Full GLS Capability Throughout Coverage Area
System Will Be Capable Of Augmenting Other Satellite Navigation System Constellations

15. Current GEO Service Inmarsat III
AOR/W
54°W
POR
178°E
Main Problem Is Single Coverage Over the Majority of CONUS

16. INMARSAT III Current INMARSAT Lease Expires September 2006
Market Survey Released In May For Possible Lease Extension To 2009/2010
Four Vendors Responded
INMARSAT AOR-W Scheduled To Be Relocated From 54W To 98W In October 2005
High Risk To WAAS Users In CONUS
WAAS Team Performing Trade Study On Mitigation Options To Include
Feasibility Study To Leave AOR In Place Until GCCS Becomes Operational
Data Link Only During 22-day Relocation

17. GEO Satellite Improvements
Lockheed Martin Prime Contractor
Contract Definitization Expected To Be Complete February 2005
Contract Structured to Provide:
Leased Payloads on Up to 3 Satellites
Ground Infrastructure to Support Signal in Space
Goal is Two GEOs In View To All Users Over CONUS and Alaska by 2007

18. PanAmSat at 133W Ground Uplink Stations PanAmSat Galaxy XV
Signal Generator Subsystem (SGS) Factory Acceptance Tests Complete
Radio Frequency Unit (RFU) Installations Complete, Napa CA and Littleton, CO
SGS/RFU Integration starting February 05
PanAmSat Galaxy XV
Satellite Payload Integration to be complete May 2005
Delivered to Launch Site in June 2005
90-day Launch Window
GCCS Integration to be complete December 2005
WAAS Integration Activities
Operational 4th Qtr 2006

19. Telesat Anik F1R at 107W Telesat Canada Anik F1R
Satellite Payload Integration Complete
Satellite in Thermal Vacuum Testing
90-day Launch Window July 2005 – September 2005
Ground Uplink Stations
Sites Selected
Brewster, WA
Woodbyne, MD
Long Lead Items Procured
GCCS Integration to be complete April 2006
WAAS Integration
Operational 2nd Qtr 2007

20. GEO Transition
INMARSAT 3
POR
178°E
PanAmSat
133°W
Telesat
107°W
INMARSAT 3
AOR/W
54°W
INMARSAT AOR/W
98°W
Provides Dual Coverage Over CONUS and Alaska with AOR/W as hot spare

21. WAAS Avionics Two Certified Receivers Currently Available Garmin
Garmin & Chelton Systems (With Free Flight Systems WAAS Sensor)
Garmin
CNX-80
Field Upgradeable to Complete WAAS Functionalities
GNS-480 (The Upgraded CNX-80)
Sales Forecast Of 2,000 Units This Year
Retail $11,995
GNS-430/530
Currently 50,000 Units Sold, Expect 30% To Buy The Upgrade
Approximately $1,500 for Upgrade, Available October
GNS-1000
Plan To Offer Upgrade In 2005

22. WAAS Avionics
Rockwell-Collins In Development Of WAAS Capability In Multi-Mode Receiver (MMR)
Free Flight Systems Upgrading Sensor In Shelton CAPSTONE Avionics To Provide Vertical Approach Capability
Other Manufacturers Developing WAAS/SBAS Capable Avionics
WAAS Avionics Can Be Installed In All Aircraft (Avionics Not Yet Available For All)
WAAS Integration Into Full Flight Management System (FMS) Capability Expected Within Three Years

23. Operational Implementation
Existing Procedures:
57 LPVs
739 LNAV/VNAV
3,670 LNAV/GPS
Procedure Production
FY 05 Airport List Has Been Approved
214 Procedures Planned
122 Are at Non-ILS Runways
43 Provide Capability at Airports Where No Precision Approach Existed
FY 06
341 Procedures Planned
258 Are at Non-ILS Runways
210 Provide Capability at Airports Where No Precision Approach Existed
LNAV/VNAV 350’
LPV 250’
GLS 200’ 3o

24. WAAS Schedule 2005 2006 2007 2008 Item Commissioning (July 2003)
Alaskan Site Installation Complete
PanAmSat Launch
Telesat Launch
C & V Complete
Software Performance Build
Mexican Site Installation
Canadian Site Installation
PanAmSat Operational
Telesat Operational
TCS Complete
Initial WRS Sites Operational
JRC Decision on GLS Development
Software O&M Enhancements Complete
Full Integration
9/05
9/05
9/05
10/05
5/06
8/06
8/06
10/06
10/06
12/06
4/07
9/07
12/07
12/08

25. Potential WAAS Civil Applications
Agriculture
Aviation
Maritime
Highway
Railroad
Precision Timing
Mining/Geology
Surveying
Banking
Remote Sensing
Power
Telecommunications
Law Enforcement
Emergency
Disaster Response
Weather
Construction
Recreation
Environmental Mgmt
Mapping/Geodesy

26. Current WAAS/SBAS Civil Applications
Agricultural
Marine
Outdoor Recreation
Surveying
Emergency
Millions of Civil Users Today

27. GBAS/LAAS Status
FY04 LAAS Was Directed to Research & Development Status
Continuing Integrity Analysis for Category 1 LAAS
LAAS Integrity Panel (LIP) to Resolve All Remaining Key Integrity Risks to Low/Medium
Develop Integrated Prototype to Validate Integrity Requirements
FAA Continues to Support Development of LAAS Technology However Budget Constraints Prevent Funding Development Activity At This Time
Customer Support
Air Carrier/Cargo & Manufacturer Support Continues

28. Operational Implementation
LAAS Criteria for Straight in Approaches Developed
LAAS Capabilities to Support Terminal Area Procedures (TAP) Demonstrated by WJHTC
Implementation Activities Using LAAS Prototypes Being Investigated
Rockwell Collins LAAS Capable Multi-Mode Receiver (MMR) available
Boeing 737 GLS Certification Flights Completed
AIRBUS GLS Certification Planned for 2005

29. International Activities
Continue Support for RTCA/ICAO Requirements Process For GBAS CAT II/III
Support Harmonization Between RTCA and EUROCAE
Continue Support of International GBAS Initiatives
Brazil Testing and Data Collection
Air Services Australia GBAS/GRAS Development Activities
Coordination with European GBAS Working Group, International Service Providers and Aircraft Manufacturers
Eurocontrol Member States, Boeing, and Airbus

30. Summary: SBAS/WAAS Benefits All Classes Of Aviation Users
Commissioned For IFR Use On July 10, 2003
Signal Enhances Navigation In All Phases Of Flight
WAAS Enhances RNP And Performance Based NAS
Enhances Safety And Efficiency Of NAS
Aviation Receivers Available Today, More Coming To Market Over Next Three Years
Will Be Improved Incrementally To Bring Added Capability Online As Soon As It Is Ready
Demonstrates FAA Commitment To Improving Services For All Aviation Users

32. Regional Cooperation
New Sites

33. Latest GPS/SBAS Receivers For Non-Aviation Use
Garmin StreetPilot 2620
Automotive
Trimble R8
Magellan Road Mate
Automotive
Garmin Quest
Automotive/Marine/Adventure
John Deere StarFire iTC
Agriculture
Lowrance LCX-104C Marine Receiver

34. Current and Future LPV Approaches

35. Charting with LPV minimum line
WAAS Channel
Number
Temperature Restriction
Does Not Apply to WAAS
Equipment
WAAS Approach ID
W=WAAS
24=Runway 24
A=1st WAAS Approach
To Rwy 24
LPV Minimum Line