1. © Copyright 2015 Rockwell Collins, Inc. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information Waveguide Displays Rob Brown

2. © Copyright 2015 Rockwell Collins, Inc. All rights reserved. Head Up Display Background

3. © Copyright 2015 Rockwell Collins, Inc. All rights reserved. Classical Optics Waveguide Optics

4. © Copyright 2015 Rockwell Collins, Inc. All rights reserved. Classical Optics

5. © Copyright 2015 Rockwell Collins, Inc. All rights reserved. Waveguide Displays Vuzix Sony

6. © Copyright 2015 Rockwell Collins, Inc. All rights reserved. Waveguide combiner using diffraction gratings Light from the collimating optics is diffracted at high angles by the Input Coupler diffraction grating. Light propagates down waveguide. Output Coupler diffraction grating diffracts light out of the waveguide a little at a time, so that it can be seen by the pilot. Each bounce produces a virtual image of the collimator, more on that next. Collimating Optics Input Coupler Diffraction Grating Display Device + Illuminator To Pilot’s Eyes ` Continuous output coupling grating with gradient efficiency

7. © Copyright 2015 Rockwell Collins, Inc. All rights reserved. Multiple Beamsplitter Approach Beamsplitters can be used instead of gratings: Collimating optics Eyeball Faceted optics with coatings Optics are very expensive to manufacture: Grind, polish, coat beamsplitter Cut into many pieces Bond assembly Regrind, repolish, AR coat Artifacts such as bands appear across FOV.

8. © Copyright 2015 Rockwell Collins, Inc. All rights reserved. Single Axis Expansion Visualized waveguide collimating lens expanded pupil 8 9

9. © Copyright 2015 Rockwell Collins, Inc. All rights reserved. Expansion in two dimensions Vertical Beam Expander Single Axis Beam Expansion Collimating Optics Aperture is 0.75” x 3.0” To Pilot’s Eyes Output Coupler Input Coupler Collimator Dual Axis Beam Expansion Collimating Optics Aperture is 0.75” x 0.75” To Pilot’s Eyes Horizontal Beam Expander

10. © Copyright 2015 Rockwell Collins, Inc. All rights reserved. Dual Axis Expansion Visualized collimating lens laterally expanded pupil (not visible to pilot) 8 9 8 9 vertically expanded pupil vertical expansion

11. © Copyright 2015 Rockwell Collins, Inc. All rights reserved. Waveguide display for two eyes