2. Cultures of Europe SS6G11 The student will describe the cultural characteristics of Europe. a. Explain the diversity of European languages as seen in a comparison of German, English, Russian, French, and Italian. c. Evaluate how the literacy rate affects the standard of living. Literacy Rate, Language, Customs and Traditions. I have sound!! Turn on Speakers

3. Literacy Rate The number of people who can read and write The better the educational system in a country, the higher the literacy rate. When education is not a high priority in a country, the lower the literacy rate.

4. Standard of Living A level of survival and comfort in everyday life enjoyed by a community, class, or individual: The well-educated generally have a high standard of living.

5. Languages Of Europe Over 200 native languages in Europe Most can be put into three categories - Germanic -( English and German). The largest native group with 20% of European speaking a Germanic Language. - Romance -( Italian, French & Spanish). These language come from Latin- the language of the Roman Empire- Roman ce. - Slavic- mostly Northern and Eastern European Countries. Include Russia. Written in the Cyrillic Alphabet.

6. Languages Of Europe -The European Union ( EU) recognizes 23 official languages in Europe. -Because of the language diversity European school children usually learn 1-2 other languages in addition to their native one. -Over ½ ( 400 million) Europeans speak English because it is often a choice for their 2 nd language.

8. Germany:Language The official language of Germany and Austria is German. - Germanic Language Follow the link to here a song sung in German!! http://genkienglish. net/learntospeakger man/hallowiegehts. htm

9. Germany: Literacy Rate The literacy rate in Germany is 99-100% Students in Germany must attend school through the 9 th grade. After that students either go to a trade school or keep attending public school until the 13th grade if they want to go to college. ( roughly 18 years old)

10. Oktoberfest “Oktoberfest is a 16-day festival held each year in Munich, Germany, (Bavaria), running from late September to early October. It is one of the most famous events in Germany and the world's largest fair, with some six million people attending every year. The Oktoberfest is an important part of Bavarian culture”- Definition from Wikipedia.com Wurstl- tradition Bavarian Sausage Children dressed in tradition Bavarian Dress Bavaria – the old name of Germany. The culture of Germany and the high Alps region is called Bavarian Culture. Yodeling is traditional form of music commonly found at Oktoberfest.

11. St. Nicholas Day is celebrated on December 6th in Germany as well as in other European countries. On the evening before the 6th, children place their newly cleaned shoes in front of the door in the hope that Nicholas might fill them with nuts, fruits, chocolate, and sweets. Germany Customs Traditions: The Christmas Tree originated in Germany. A fir tree was brought in to the house and decorated with candles in honor of the Advent. Later candies and stripes of cloth were tied to the tree for decorations.

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15. CountryLiteracy Rate LanguageCustomsTraditions Germany 99-100%German (Germanic Language) Oktoberfest Bavarian Culture in the Mountains Christmas- gave us first Christmas tree

17. Russia: Language Russian is a Slavic Language Between 145-160 million speak Russian ( based on 2008 estimation) A Russian Proverb Руководитель без народа, что цветок без солнца Translation: A ruler without a nation is like a flower without the sun

18. RUSSIA: Literacy Rate Russia’s Literacy rate is 99-100% Russia has a free education system guaranteed to all citizens by the Constitution and has a literacy rate of 99.4%.Entry to higher education is highly competitive. As a result of great emphasis on science and technology in education, Russian medical, mathematical, scientific, and space and aviation research is generally of a high order- from Wikipedia.com Follow link to here the Russian alphabet http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_alphabet

19. RUSSIA: Customs and Traditions Ballet is a highly prized art form in Russia Moscow Ballet Theatre "The Crown Of Russian Ballet-Swan Lake“ http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=32HHxwFIp Hg http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=32HHxwFIp Hg

20. One tradition in Russia is to eat milk pudding and cheesecake on Christmas. RUSSIA: Customs and Traditions Milk Pudding Cheesecake

21. CountryLiteracy Rate LanguageCustomsTraditions Germany 99-100%German (Germanic Language) Oktoberfest Bavarian Culture in the Mountains Christmas- gave us first Christmas tree Russia99-100%Russian (Slavic Language) Ballet originated in Russia Christmas

23. France: Language - French is the official language of France -French is one of the Romance Languages Je t'aime (Lara Fabian) - cover by Gisella http://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=yAyQzJFFG90 http://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=yAyQzJFFG90

24. France: Literacy Rate The Literacy rate in France is 99% Children in France must go to school until they are 16 years old.

25. France: Customs and Traditions Bastille Day “Liberté, égalité, fraternité”- Liberty, Equlaity, Fratinity ( motto of the French Revolution & France) The Bastille is a medieval fortress and prison in Paris. Many people in France associated it with the harsh rule of the Bourbon monarchy in the late 1700s. On July 14, 1789, troops stormed the Bastille. This was a pivotal event at the beginning of the French Revolution. Fête de la Fédération was held on July 14, 1790. This was a way to celebrate the establishment of a constitutional monarchy in France.

26. Christmas In France during Christmas there are family reunions, gifts, and candy for the children. There are also gifts for the poor and people give to charities. Because France is 80% Roman Catholic and most families attend Midnight Mass on Christmas Eve. France: Traditions

27. CountryLiteracy Rate LanguageCustomsTraditions Germany 99-100%German (Germanic Language) Oktoberfest Bavarian Culture in the Mountains Christmas- gave us first Christmas tree Russia99-100%Russian (Slavic Language) Ballet originated in Russia Christmas France99%French (Romantic Language) Bastille Day- July 14. Ended the Monarchy in France. Christmas- Midnight Mass France is 80% Roman Catholic

29. Italy: Language -Italian is the official language of Italy -Italian is one of the Romance languages. Follow the link to hear some phrases in Italian http://www.bbc.co.uk/langu ages/italian/guide/phrases.s html How to say hello in Italian: Ciao an informal term for Hello. It can also be used for Goodbye.

30. Italy: Literacy Rate The literacy rate in Italy is 98% Children in Italy go to school from age 6-15.

31. Italy: Customs & Traditions Christmas & Easter are major holidays. Italy is the home to the head of the Roman Catholic Church. The Pope lives in Vatican City in Rome.

32. Italy: Traditions Opera A very popular form of performing arts that originated in Italy. Follow the link to see an Opera performance: http://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=RxKjDUrmecA&feature=relat ed Clip from Phantom of the Opera copyrighted 2004 by Odyssey Entertainment.

33. CountryLiteracy Rate LanguageCustomsTraditions Italy 98%Italian (Romantic Language) OperaChristmas & Easter Rome is home to the Pope, the head of the Catholic Church.

34. United Kingdom

35. United Kingdom: Language English is the official Language of the United Kingdom. It is a Germanic Language. Other Languages commonly spoke in the UK are Gaelic (Irish), Celtic (Scottish), and Welsh (Wales)

36. United Kingdom: Literacy Rate The Literacy Rate is 99%. The UK is home to some very famous and old university's such as Oxford (England), Cambridge (England), & St. Andrews (Scotland).

37. United Kingdom: Traditions The United Kingdom has been steeped in traditions and customs for centuries. Some of the unique celebrations are the Highland Games (Scotland), Guy Fawkes Day (England), Boxing Day (England), and Cheese Rolling (England).

38. Highland Games Highland games are events held throughout the year in Scotland and other countries as a way of celebrating Scottish and Celtic culture and heritage, especially that of the Scottish Highlands. Certain aspects of the games are so well known as to have become emblematic of Scotland, such as the bagpipes, the kilt, and the heavy events, especially the caber toss. While centred on competitions in piping and drumming, dancing, and Scottish heavy athletics, the games also include entertainment and exhibits related to other aspects of Scottish and Gaelic culture.ScotlandCelticScottish Highlandsbagpipeskilt caber tossGaelic

39. BOXING DAY How It Got Started Boxing Day originated in England in the middle of the nineteenth century under Queen Victoria. It is spent with family and friends at open gatherings with lots of food, fun, friendship and love. Customs Boxing Day is so called because it was the custom on that day for tradesmen to collect their Christmas boxes or gifts in return for good and reliable service throughout the year. Boxing Day is also St. Stephen's Day. St Stephen was a little known saint who achieved eternal fame by being the first Christian to be martyred for his faith by being stoned to death shortly after Christ's crucifixion. He's also named in the Christmas song Good King Wenceslas Shopping

40. United Kingdom: Customs In England afternoon tea is a custom that has carried on for centuries. Traditionally at four o’clock every afternoon, afternoon tea is served hot with small pastries or sandwich's.

41. CountryLiteracy Rate LanguageCustomsTraditions Italy 98%Italian (Romantic Language) OperaChristmas & Easter Rome is home to the Pope, the head of the Catholic Church. United Kingdom 99%English (Germanic Language) Also Welsh, Celtic, & Gaelic in other parts. Afternoon TeaMany traditions from Scotland, Wales & England.

42. The End La Fin- French Ende- German το τέλος (to télos)- Greek В конце (V kontse)- Russian alla fine- Italian

43. Project Students will be assigned a country They will use a Rubric to complete the assignment