1. Manufacturing Techniques
Resource 1
Machine feeds & speeds & range of tooling used for manufacturing activities 1 1

2. Aims & Objectives
Aims
Understand how to calculate machine feeds & speeds
Recognize machine cutting tools & setting up procedure
Various tool grinding techniques 2 2

3. Objectives At the end of this lesson you should be able to:
Aims & Objectives
Objectives
At the end of this lesson you should be able to:
Perform simple calculations for the feed and spindle speeds on a machine
Identify various machine tools
Differentiate tooling methods for various operations
Setting tools for manufacture
Perform tool grinding techniques
Compare different surface finish techniques 3 3

4. Cutting Speed Feed Turning Milling Cutting speed & feed calculations
Number of revs per minute = cutting speed in metres per minute = cutting speed x 1000
Circumference  x Diameter in mm
Feed
The amount the work / tool moves per revolution of the cutter given in mm per revolution
The amount the work / tool moves per unit of time given in mm per minute
Turning
FEED PER MINUTE = FEED PER REVOLUTION X NUMBER OF REVOLUTIONS PER MINUTE
 Milling
FEED PER MINUTE = FEED PER TOOTH X NUMBER OF TEETH X NUMBER OF REVOLUTIONS PER MIN 4 4

5. π x D S = Material cutting speed of the material being machined π = 3
Formula
N = x S N = Number of revs
π x D S = Material cutting speed of the material being machined π = 3
D = Diameter
Material
Cutting speed in m/min
Feed in cuts per tooth
Face mill
Slot or end mill
Mild Steel 30
0.25
0.15
Cast Iron 18
0.30
0.18
Bronze 20
0.35
Aluminium
130
0.40
0.17
Tool Steel 16
0.10
0.05 5 5

6. Example
A typical equation to machine a 40mm diameter mild steel bar using a lathe,
would be:-
N = 1000 x 30
3 x 40
N = 30000
120
N = 250 6 6

7. The factors that influence the feeds and speeds are:-
The maximum and minimum speeds available on the machine
The type of coolant used
Type of cutting tool used
The condition of the machine
The type of material being machined
The clamping method used to secure the component
Diameter of the cutting tool
The type of material the cutting tool is made of
The condition of the tool 7 7

8. Setting spindle speed 8 8 To adjust the speed on a milling machine
You can increase or decrease the spindle speed using the hand wheel on the belt housing. Speeds can only be adjusted when the spindle is spinning.
To set the speed on a Lathe
You align the two levers so all the colour co-ordinated sections are aligned. 8 8

9. Centre Lathe Tools Boring tool Parting off tool Tipped tools
Knurling tool
Chamfer tool
Lathe turning tools 9 9

10. Centre Lathe Tools Milling Cutters Slab mill Side/face mill Face mill
Slitting Saw
Slot mill
End mill 10 10

11. Milling Cutters continued....
Centre Lathe Tools
Milling Cutters continued....
T slot mills
V cutter
Ripper cutter 11 11

12. Centre Lathe Tools
Drilling tools 12 12