1. Deploying Java applications as JAR files SE-2030 Dr. Mark L. Hornick 1 How to package an application so that you can run it outside of Eclipse.

2. Consider an Eclipse project SE-2030 Dr. Mark L. Hornick 2 This application consists of files in two directories, in packages called demo.app and demo.data

3. When you run an application from within Eclipse, it (internally) issues the following command : java –cp “D:\My Docs\se2030\JARDemo\bin” demo.app/JARDemoApp java is the command that runs the Java Virtual Machine Found at C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_03\bin\java.exe JARDemoApp is the name of the main class demo.app is the package containing the main class (demo.data is the name of the package containing the MyData class) -cp specifies the base directory where the.class file(s) for the packages are located Not including the package subdirectories SE-2030 Dr. Mark L. Hornick 3

4. If your class files are in multiple file folders, you must include them all : java –cp “D:\My Docs\se2030\JARDemo\bin; D:\MyDocs\Documents\MSOE\Courses\Example Programs\se2030\UIHelper\bin” demo.app/JARDemoApp -cp specifies ALL base directories where the.class file(s) for the packages are located Note that each directory is separated by a semicolon SE-2030 Dr. Mark L. Hornick 4

5. A Java Archive (JAR) file enables you to bundle multiple files into a single archive file A JAR file is essentially a ZIP file with specific contents: The files you want to zip into the file.class files Source files (.java) if you want to enable debugging Javadoc files if you want to provide context-sensitive help for the classes in the JAR file A manifest file (MANIFEST.MF) Which specifies what’s in the JAR file SE-2030 Dr. Mark L. Hornick 5

6. The jar utility can be used to create JAR files jar cfm -C jar is the command that runs the jar utility Same as C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_03\bin\jar.exe jarfile is the name of the JAR file you want to create manifest is the name of a file containing manifest information Note : The contents of the manifest must be encoded in ansi. -C specifies the location of the classfiles classfiles specifies the files you want to place in the JAR file Separated by spaces Must include the full package folder path SE-2030 Dr. Mark L. Hornick 6

7. To bundle files in the same directory into a JAR file: jar cfm JARDemoApp.jar manifest.txt –C./bin demo/app/JARDemoApp.class –C./bin demo/data/Data.class This assumes: you are issuing the jar command from within the directory of D:\My Docs\se2030\JARDemo manifest.txt is in the same directory Demo/app and demo/data are the names of the packages such that all class files are located in D:\My Docs\se2030\JARDemo\bin\demo\app or D:\My Docs\se2030\JARDemo\bin\demo\data the capitalization of the class filename is identical to the capitalization of the class itself (be careful on Windows because the OS is case-insensitive but Java is NOT) SE-2030 Dr. Mark L. Hornick 7

8. Manifest details Manifest.txt is an text file containing the following text: Manifest-Version: 1.0 Created-By: 1.6.0_03-b05 (Sun Microsystems Inc.) Main-Class: demo.app.JARDemoApp SE-2030 Dr. Mark L. Hornick 8

9. To deploy your application, you just have to copy the JAR file to someplace (e.g. C:\temp) on the target PC To run the application bundled within a JAR file, issue the following command: java –jar “C:\temp\JARDemoApp.jar” Or create a shortcut containing the above command SE-2030 Dr. Mark L. Hornick 9

10. If your JAR file references other JAR files (like Helper.jar)… The Manifest.txt must contain a reference to the location of the other JAR file(s): Manifest-Version: 1.0 Created-By: 1.6.0_03-b05 (Sun Microsystems Inc.) Main-Class: demo.app.JARDemoApp Class-Path:./Helper.jar Note that./ specifies that Helper.jar in this case can be found in the same directory folder as JARDemoApp.jar (i.e. they are both in C:\temp). SE-2030 Dr. Mark L. Hornick 10

11. Online tutorial “Packaging Programs in JAR files” http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/deploy ment/jar/index.html SE-2030 Dr. Mark L. Hornick 11