2. THE MODEL OF ASIS FOR PROCESS CONTROL APPLICATIONS P.Andreeva, T.Atanasova, J.Zaprianov Institute of Control and System Researches Topic Area: 12. Intelligent Learning Support Systems Nom et ipsa scientia potestas est. “ Knowledge itself is power.“ Francis Bacon (1561-1626)

3. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 2 n 1. INTRODUCTION n 2. THE MODEL OF ASIS 2.1 Structure and Elements of ASIS 2.2 Information Processing in Knowledge Base 2.3 Fuzzy Rules in ASIS n 3. DYNAMIC METHOD 3.1 Fuzzy Relational Data Base Operation n 4. KNOWLEDGE PRESENTATION 4.1 Operation on Knowledge Base 4.2 Method for Fuzzy Variable Description n CONCLUSION

4. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 3 1. INTRODUCTION n The aim of ASIS -> to support the decision making process in KBS automatic control system environment with KB management as an integral part n ASIS -> to model the knowledge in KBS and to suggest the most appropriate decision n Information processing -> by fuzzy rules n Fuzzy control formulates the control algorithm by logical rules

5. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 4 Derivation of the process control rules n From the experience-based knowledge of the process n using linguistic description (fuzzy model of the process) n on the base of non-linear model making fuzzy version of Sliding Mode Control.

6. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 5 Adaptive Self-learning Information System n Heuristic knowledge -> describing the rules linguistically n estimation of the best alternative & suggestion for the best decision n the given input is followed -> adaptive n the fuzzy classifier proceeds new input & executes the rule to find a new fact -> self-learning

7. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 6 2. The MODEL of ASIS

8. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 7 2.1 Structure and Elements of ASIS n linguistic variable base; n fuzzy classifier ; n decision making block.

9. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 8 Information Processing in ASIS

10. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 9 2.2 Information Processing in KB n In fuzzy relational DB, domain values d j1, d j2,... d jm need not be atomic. n Interpretation  [a 1, a 2,... a n ] of tuple T j = [d j1, d j2,... d jm ] is any value assignment such that a i  d ij for all i. n The space of interpretations is the set cross product D 1 x D 2 x... D n.

11. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 10 2.3 Fuzzy Rules in ASIS Cluster approach (Bezdek, 1981) similarity measure between k- th point X k and i- th collection of typical points- centroid V

12. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 11 The method of Fuzzy Clustering mean (FCM) n Fuzzy cluster approach is used to classify the input data and to receive the rules. The original idea of using fuzzy sets in clustering techniques was introduced by (Bezdek, 1981) and consists in the fuzzification of the partition functional.

13. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 12 Fuzzy Clustering based on FCM

14. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 13 Fuzzy Clustering based on FCM

15. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 14 3. DYNAMIC METHOD n On-line Information System. n Dynamic changes and Updates. n Dynamic method for retrieval. n Adding new rules to KB. n Fuzzy query processing (imprecise predicate) -> extension of SQL.

16. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 15 3.1 Fuzzy Relational DB Operation n find the most specific rule to be fired; n execute the rule on the last data facts; n do this (in cycle) while no rules are left, or until criterion is satisfied; n every rule can be fired only once.

17. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 16 4. KNOWLEDGE PRESENTATION Approaches to Represent Knowledge: n first-order logic n production system n semantic nets n frame

18. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 17 Rule-based System n Information knowledge is codified in rules, which consist of linguistic variables. n It is possible to assign to each one of them an ‘evaluation’ µ. µ(  ) = 1 ; µ(  ) = 0 ; µ(  ) = 1/2

19. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 18 4.1 Operation on Knowledge Base - Store facts - check that it does not conflict with previously stored facts; - Retrieve facts – performs queries; - Inference, i.e. the retrieval of implicit knowledge; - Return definition of concepts; - Remove facts from the knowledge base.

20. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 19 4.2 Method for Fuzzy Variable Description n Membership function µ [0,1] n Operation -unary (modifier) -binary (composition of fuzzy numbers) n R: A x B -> [0,1] x from A and y from B, µ R (x,y) express the strength of their bond n formal association between antecedents (if- part) and consequent (then-part)

21. 3.06.1999 P. Andreeva, T. Atanasova, J. Zaprianov 20 CONCLUSION n Best alternative is estimated n fuzzy presentation of knowledge n adaptive information system -> the given input is followed n self-learning -> executes rule to find a new fact n dynamic method for reasoning -> stepwise refinement n fuzziness in relational DB in 3 aspects