1. Dye Sublimation Color Management
Achieving Accurate Color Output Using Standardized Processes

2. Color Gamut Definition of GAMUT
The subset of colors which can be accurately represented within a given color space or by an certain output device and ink combination.
The complete set of colors found within an image at a given time. Converting a digitized image to a different color space, or printing it to a given medium generally alters its gamut.
The gray area represents the entire chromatic range. The colored triangle represents the color display. This is a typical CRT gamut reflected by the sRGB ICC profile.

3. RGB and CMYK
RGB and CMYK are two different color spaces. The RGB color space uses light in colors of red, green, and blue to create the visible spectrum. Our eyes see color in terms of reflected light, so the observed world is closer to RGB than CMYK. That is why native RGB devices that use light to create color, such as film recorders, scanners, and cameras can reproduce color fairly accurately.
RGB. Three colors of light, red, green and blue make white light. Cyan, magenta and yellow are also combinations of RGB.
The intensity of light also changes the color.
CMYK. Three inks, cyan, magenta and yellow make black. In practice this black lacks intensity, so a separate black (K) is usually added. Red, green and blue are made from CMYK.

4. Typical Color Spaces
Comparison of typical wide RGB gamut for a color accurate display, standard RGB gamut for an ordinary color display and a typical CMYK gamut for standard pigment inks.
The Adobe RGB profile reflects the wide RGB gamut, the sRGB profile reflects a standard RGB gamut.

5. Rendering Intent Handling Out-of-Gamut Colors
Standard Rendering Intents
Perceptual
Relative Colorimetric
Relative Colorimetric Black Point Compensation
Absolute Colorimetric
Saturation

6. Rendering Intent Perceptual
Graphic to be printed
Printer
Relationships among colors are preserved
Color space is uniformly shifted
Absolute colors are not preserved
Technically reversible depending on RIP

7. Rendering Intent Absolute Colorimetric
Graphic to be printed
Printer
In gamut colors are preserved
Out of gamut colors are shifted
Not reversible

8. Rendering Intent Relative Colorimetric Optional Black Point Compensation
Absolute Colorimetric with Compensation for White
Black Point Compensation also compensates for Black
In gamut colors are corrected for white and black points
Out of gamut colors are shifted
Black Point Compensation not supported on Adobe Output
Not reversible

9. Rendering Intent Saturation
Only CIELAB Lightness or L* is preserved
All colors are shifted
Not reversible

10. Simple Color Management
Chromatic and Ink Limitation Clipping Causes Unpredictable Results

11. ICC Color Management
Standards Based Approach to Achieving Predictable Color

12. Standard Adobe Design Environment
The standard Adobe design environment is RGB using the Adobe RGB color profile.
The target CMYK space is typically US Web Coated (SWOP) : an offset press.

13. Color Conversion Space
ICC Profiles Connect Design and Output Spaces
Using the L*a*b* Space as the Intermediary
RGB
CMYK
L*a*b*

14. Color Conversion SpaceG B L a b C M Y K 34 74
141 17 16
-56 98 80 8 39 28 63
123 15 9
-46 97 79 14 58 4 48 12 3
-33 95 71 26 81
ICC Profiles are the basis for transforming color from the source space to the color conversion space and then to the printer. They can be thought of as tables that define conversions to and from L*a*b* space. Color values not in the table are interpolated.

15. Late Binding
RGB devices will have distinctly different white and black points than CMYK output in relation to the colors that are produced.
RGB Display Device
CMYK on White Fabric
Conversion between RGB and CMYK accounts for differences in gamut and white points. Optionally there can be compensation for differences in the black point. Late binding allows these to be mapped accurately to the final output device.

16. Output CMYK Color Mapping
Navy Blue
Pantone 282
Adobe RGB:
SWOP CMYK:
Dye Sublimation CMYK (Elvajet)
Differs with Rendering Intent
Proprietary RIP algorithms also impact the color output.
Absolute:
Perceptual:
Relative BPC:
Relative:
Saturation:

17. ICC Color Management
Standards Based Approach to Achieving Predictable Color
Pantone Spots
Late binding: Design in RGB let RIP convert to CMYK
Modified late binding: Design in RGB and Named Colors

18. ICC Color Management Single Environment Two Profiles
Standards Based Approach to Achieving Predictable Color
Single Environment
Two Profiles
Printer Profile RGB to CMYK
Named Color Profile
RIP optionally bypasses printer profile and uses the named color formula if it exists.
Unnamed colors should be specified in RGB.
Do not use raw CMYK specifications.

19. ICC Color Management Linearization: Controls Perceived Optical Density
?? pixel value
45% color value
1.25 optical density

20. ICC Color Management
Ink Limits: Improve Optical Density and Control Chromatic Shifts
Gray
Cyan
Magenta
Black
Blue
Red