1. LLEARNING DISABILITIES NURULLAH ALINAK Special Education for people who have

2. OUTLINE Introduction What is S.E. ? Learning Disabilities Why do we need S.E. ? Examples for S.E. References

3. Special Education Special education or special needs education is practice (in a way that) Idealy, process involves; planned and monitored (arrangement) Adapted equipment, Common special needs Special or additional ?

4. Learning Disabilities Umbrella term for variety of Learning problems Intelligence? Or motivation? Laziness? Brain wired differently ! Receive and process information What is needed?

5. Learning Disabilities Preschool signs and symptoms of learning disabilities Problems pronouncing words Trouble finding the right word Difficulty rhyming Trouble learning the alphabet, numbers, colors, shapes, days of the week Difficulty following directions or learning routines Difficulty controlling crayons, pencils, and scissors or coloring within the lines Trouble with buttons, zippers, snaps, learning to tie shoes

6. Learning Disabilities Ages 5-9 signs and symptoms of learning disabilities Trouble learning the connection between letters and sounds Unable to blend sounds to make words Confuses basic words when reading Consistently misspells words and makes frequent reading errors Trouble learning basic math concepts Difficulty telling time and remembering sequences Slow to learn new skills

7. Learning Disabilities Ages 10-13 signs and symptoms of learning disabilities Difficulty with reading comprehension or math skills Trouble with open-ended test questions and word problems Dislikes reading and writing; avoids reading aloud Spells the same word differently in a single document Poor organizational skills (bedroom, homework, desk is messy and disorganized) Trouble following classroom discussions and expressing thoughts aloud Poor handwriting

9. LDs ADHD – Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), while not considered a learning disability, can certainly disrupt learning. Children with ADHD often have problems sitting still, staying focused, following instructions, staying organized, and completing homework.Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Autism – Difficulty mastering certain academic skills can stem from pervasive developmental disorders such as autism and Asperger’s syndrome. Children with autism spectrum disorders may have trouble communicating, reading body language, learning basic skills, making friends, and making eye contact.autism spectrum disorders

10. Why S.E. ? Many kinds of S.E. for LDs. People learn differently Reading, hands on approach, hear, taking notes Purpose of S.E.

11. Some examples ARGENTINA, Buenos Aires SPECIAL EDUCATION Lincoln School (2013) http://www.lincoln.edu.ar Children with special needs may attend only with a personal aide. There is no one on staff to diagnose disabilities. Special needs teachers are employed and are available in the community to work with the student.

12. Some examples ARUBA, Aruba SPECIAL EDUCATION International School of Aruba (2010) http://www.isaruba.com/ The school accepts students with mild special needs.

13. Some examples AUSTRALIA GIFTED AND TALENTED http://home.alphalink.com.au/~drednort/sch oolsinaus.html Information on gifted education in Australia

14. References http://www.ncld.org/types-learning-disabilities/what-is-ld/what- are-learning-disabilities http://www.ncld.org/types-learning-disabilities/what-is-ld/what- are-learning-disabilities http://www.helpguide.org/mental/learning_disabilities.htm http://learningdisabilities.about.com/od/publicschoolprograms/ http://www.lightfortheworld.nl/en/about-us/downloads/policy- papers?gclid=CICt7Yfs5b0CFQkUwwodxBkAGw http://www.lightfortheworld.nl/en/about-us/downloads/policy- papers?gclid=CICt7Yfs5b0CFQkUwwodxBkAGw http://www.specialednews.com/learning-problems/special- education-learning-disabilities.htm http://www.specialednews.com/learning-problems/special- education-learning-disabilities.htm

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