1. example 5 Richter Scale Chapter 5.2 Because the intensities of earthquakes are so large, the Richter scale was developed to provide a “scaled down” measuring system that permits earthquakes to be more easily measured and compared. The Richter scale gives the magnitude R of an earthquake using the formula where I is the intensity of the earthquake and I 0 is a certain minimum intensity used for comparison.  2009 PBLPathways

2. Because the intensities of earthquakes are so large, the Richter scale was developed to provide a “scaled down” measuring system that permits earthquakes to be more easily measured and compared. The Richter scale gives the magnitude R of an earthquake using the formula where I is the intensity of the earthquake and I 0 is a certain minimum intensity used for comparison.

3.  2009 PBLPathways DescriptionRichter MagnitudesEarthquake Effects MicroLess than 2.0Microearthquakes, not felt Very minor2.0–2.9Generally not felt, but recorded Minor3.0–3.9Often felt, but rarely causes damage Light4.0–4.9 Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant damage unlikely Moderate5.0–5.9 Can cause damage to poorly constructed buildings over small regions Strong6.0–6.9 Can be destructive in areas up to about 100 miles across in populated areas Major7.0–7.9Can cause serious damage over larger areas Great8.0–8.9 Can cause serious damage in areas several hundred miles across Rarely, great9.0–9.9Devastating in areas several thousand miles across Meteoric10+Never recorded The following table describes the typical effects of earthquakes of various magnitudes near the epicenter.

4.  2009 PBLPathways a.If an earthquake has an intensity of 10,000 times I 0, what is the magnitude of the earthquake? Describe the effects of this earthquake. b.Show that if the Richter scale reading of an earthquake is k, the intensity of the earthquake is. c.An earthquake that measured 9.0 on the Richter scale occurred in the Indian Ocean in December 2004, causing a devastating tsunami that killed thousands of people. Express the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. d.If an earthquake measures 7.0 on the Richter scale, give the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. How much more is the intensity of the earthquake in part (c) than the one with Richter scale measurement of 7.0?

5.  2009 PBLPathways a.If an earthquake has an intensity of 10,000 times I 0, what is the magnitude of the earthquake? Describe the effects of this earthquake. DescriptionRichter MagnitudesEarthquake Effects Light4.0–4.9 Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant damage unlikely

6.  2009 PBLPathways DescriptionRichter MagnitudesEarthquake Effects Light4.0–4.9 Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant damage unlikely a.If an earthquake has an intensity of 10,000 times I 0, what is the magnitude of the earthquake? Describe the effects of this earthquake.

7.  2009 PBLPathways DescriptionRichter MagnitudesEarthquake Effects Light4.0–4.9 Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant damage unlikely a.If an earthquake has an intensity of 10,000 times I 0, what is the magnitude of the earthquake? Describe the effects of this earthquake.

8.  2009 PBLPathways DescriptionRichter MagnitudesEarthquake Effects Light4.0–4.9 Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant damage unlikely a.If an earthquake has an intensity of 10,000 times I 0, what is the magnitude of the earthquake? Describe the effects of this earthquake.

9.  2009 PBLPathways DescriptionRichter MagnitudesEarthquake Effects Light4.0–4.9 Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant damage unlikely a.If an earthquake has an intensity of 10,000 times I 0, what is the magnitude of the earthquake? Describe the effects of this earthquake.

10.  2009 PBLPathways DescriptionRichter MagnitudesEarthquake Effects Light4.0–4.9 Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant damage unlikely a.If an earthquake has an intensity of 10,000 times I 0, what is the magnitude of the earthquake? Describe the effects of this earthquake.

11.  2009 PBLPathways DescriptionRichter MagnitudesEarthquake Effects Light4.0–4.9 Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant damage unlikely a.If an earthquake has an intensity of 10,000 times I 0, what is the magnitude of the earthquake? Describe the effects of this earthquake.

12.  2009 PBLPathways DescriptionRichter MagnitudesEarthquake Effects Light4.0–4.9 Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant damage unlikely a.If an earthquake has an intensity of 10,000 times I 0, what is the magnitude of the earthquake? Describe the effects of this earthquake.

13.  2009 PBLPathways DescriptionRichter MagnitudesEarthquake Effects Light4.0–4.9 Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant damage unlikely a.If an earthquake has an intensity of 10,000 times I 0, what is the magnitude of the earthquake? Describe the effects of this earthquake.

14.  2009 PBLPathways b.Show that if the Richter scale reading of an earthquake is k, the intensity of the earthquake is. Convert to exponential form

15.  2009 PBLPathways b.Show that if the Richter scale reading of an earthquake is k, the intensity of the earthquake is. Convert to exponential form

16.  2009 PBLPathways b.Show that if the Richter scale reading of an earthquake is k, the intensity of the earthquake is. Convert to exponential form

17.  2009 PBLPathways b.Show that if the Richter scale reading of an earthquake is k, the intensity of the earthquake is. Convert to exponential form

18.  2009 PBLPathways b.Show that if the Richter scale reading of an earthquake is k, the intensity of the earthquake is. Convert to exponential form

19.  2009 PBLPathways b.Show that if the Richter scale reading of an earthquake is k, the intensity of the earthquake is. Convert to exponential form

20.  2009 PBLPathways b.Show that if the Richter scale reading of an earthquake is k, the intensity of the earthquake is. Convert to exponential form

21.  2009 PBLPathways b.Show that if the Richter scale reading of an earthquake is k, the intensity of the earthquake is. Convert to exponential form

22.  2009 PBLPathways c.An earthquake that measured 9.0 on the Richter scale occurred in the Indian Ocean in December 2004, causing a devastating tsunami that killed thousands of people. Express the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. d.If an earthquake measures 7.0 on the Richter scale, give the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. How much more is the intensity of the earthquake in part (c) than the one with Richter scale measurement of 7.0? Richter scale 9.0: Richter scale 7.0:

23.  2009 PBLPathways c.An earthquake that measured 9.0 on the Richter scale occurred in the Indian Ocean in December 2004, causing a devastating tsunami that killed thousands of people. Express the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. d.If an earthquake measures 7.0 on the Richter scale, give the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. How much more is the intensity of the earthquake in part (c) than the one with Richter scale measurement of 7.0? Richter scale 9.0: Richter scale 7.0:

24.  2009 PBLPathways c.An earthquake that measured 9.0 on the Richter scale occurred in the Indian Ocean in December 2004, causing a devastating tsunami that killed thousands of people. Express the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. d.If an earthquake measures 7.0 on the Richter scale, give the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. How much more is the intensity of the earthquake in part (c) than the one with Richter scale measurement of 7.0? Richter scale 9.0: Richter scale 7.0:

25.  2009 PBLPathways c.An earthquake that measured 9.0 on the Richter scale occurred in the Indian Ocean in December 2004, causing a devastating tsunami that killed thousands of people. Express the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. d.If an earthquake measures 7.0 on the Richter scale, give the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. How much more is the intensity of the earthquake in part (c) than the one with Richter scale measurement of 7.0? Richter scale 9.0: Richter scale 7.0:

26.  2009 PBLPathways c.An earthquake that measured 9.0 on the Richter scale occurred in the Indian Ocean in December 2004, causing a devastating tsunami that killed thousands of people. Express the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. d.If an earthquake measures 7.0 on the Richter scale, give the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. How much more is the intensity of the earthquake in part (c) than the one with Richter scale measurement of 7.0? Richter scale 9.0: Richter scale 7.0:

27.  2009 PBLPathways c.An earthquake that measured 9.0 on the Richter scale occurred in the Indian Ocean in December 2004, causing a devastating tsunami that killed thousands of people. Express the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. d.If an earthquake measures 7.0 on the Richter scale, give the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. How much more is the intensity of the earthquake in part (c) than the one with Richter scale measurement of 7.0? Richter scale 9.0: Richter scale 7.0:

28.  2009 PBLPathways c.An earthquake that measured 9.0 on the Richter scale occurred in the Indian Ocean in December 2004, causing a devastating tsunami that killed thousands of people. Express the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. d.If an earthquake measures 7.0 on the Richter scale, give the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. How much more is the intensity of the earthquake in part (c) than the one with Richter scale measurement of 7.0? Richter scale 9.0: Richter scale 7.0:

29.  2009 PBLPathways c.An earthquake that measured 9.0 on the Richter scale occurred in the Indian Ocean in December 2004, causing a devastating tsunami that killed thousands of people. Express the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. d.If an earthquake measures 7.0 on the Richter scale, give the intensity of this earthquake in terms of I 0. How much more is the intensity of the earthquake in part (c) than the one with Richter scale measurement of 7.0? Richter scale 9.0: Richter scale 7.0: