1. From The General History of Virginia

2. Bellwork
Discuss the characteristics of a strong leader. Do you know someone like this. Why do you consider this person a strong leader? (must be at least ½ page)
Be prepared to discuss John Smith as a leader and give specific examples from the reading.

3. Common Core from The General History of Virginia 8/21-8/22
RI Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings; analyze how an author uses and refines the meaning of a key term or terms over the course of a text
RI Analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the structure an author uses in his or her exposition or argument, including whether the structure makes points clear, convincing, and engaging.
RI Determine an author’s point of view or purpose in a text in which the rhetoric is particularly effective, analyzing how style and content contribute to the power, persuasiveness or beauty of the text
RI By the end of grade 11, read and comprehend literary nonfiction in the grades 11–CCR text complexity band proficiently, with scaffolding as needed at the high end of the range

4. Notes
Get our Puritan History and Authors Handout

5. Comunicación y Gerencia
Puritan History
Unit One 5

6. Who are the Puritans? Englishmen!
Puritanism covered a period from the1550s to about 1700
Originally developed in England to “purify” the Anglican church (or the Church of England) of the trappings of Catholicism
Many of our views and attitudes toward Puritans have been shaped by the Salem witch trials ( which we will examine in more detail later) and The Scarlet Letter, neither of which gives an accurate view of the Puritans.
“The Midnight Ride of Paul Revere” Longfellow, like Hawthorne in SL uses artistic license, but it is their story which is best remembered not the true history
To be taught by someone who does not endorse a belief system is the worst way to understand it.
Persecution of dissenting viewpoints was the common practice of all churches in the 15th and 16th centuries.
Mary Tudor reinstated Catholicism.
During the reign of Charles I, open persecution of the Puritans resumed. William Prynne ears were cut off and his face branded with hot irons.
In 1642, the Puritan, Oliver Cromwell overthrew Charles I after the king had dissolved Parliament.
Henry VIII destroyed and/or looted many churches, abbeys and monasteries when he split with the Catholic church. Puritans also stripped churches to remove all traces of Catholicism. They opposed amusements, such as dancing and theater, closing or banning them while in power. They strictly enforced a sabbath rest on Sunday. (Still in effect in remote areas of Scotland).
Although, both the loyalists and the Roundheads invited Charles II to return to the throne, the restored monarchy lead the to Restoration of the Anglican religious practices in England. This lead to the final split and the establishment of separate churches which was allowed by in 1689 under the rule of William and Mary. 6

7. A Separatist movement developed within the Puritans
A Separatist movement developed within the Puritans. They had given up on “purifying” the church deciding that only a separate movement could succeed.
Plymouth Colony
William Bradford,Governor of the Plymouth Colony
Moving first to Holland in 1607, fear of assimilation and lack of religious fervor led them to leave for a new land “devoyd of all civill inhabitants” in These people we call “Pilgrims.”

8. William Bradford Elected governor after the first leader died
Reelected fifteen times
Helped create positive Indian
relations and democratic
town hall meetings
Began writing his narrative Of Plymouth Plantation in 1630, but it was not published until 1856
Used “Puritan Plain Style”
Style hardly seems plain. Read and paraphrase in this or any other document where the writing seems stilted or convoluted.
Was governor for 30 years – 2 year terms
Lived
The first winter in the new colony was a terrible experience. Half the colonists perished, including the colony's leader, John Carver. Bradford was selected as his replacement in the spring of From this point, his story is inextricably linked with the history of the Plymouth Colony.
His book was regularly quoted in the years before its publication 8

9. Of Plymouth Plantation
Non-Fiction Narrative Account
Tell the story of real-life events. Can be first-hand or written by someone that researched the events.
Considered the most complete authority on the Puritans and a primary document on the time period.
First hand narrative account—the author was present for the events. Such accounts may be badly skewed by the authors biases. This is always true.
Second hand a narrative—the author interviews the participants. Tom Brokaw’s The Greatest Generation.
Bradford’s account was written between 1620 and 1647, the journal describes the story of the Pilgrims from 1608, when they settled in the Netherlands, through the 1620 Mayflower voyage, until the year The book ends with a list, written in 1650, of Mayflower passengers.
Bradford’s history is a blend of fact and interpretation. The Bradford journal records not only the events of the first 30 years but also the reactions of the colonists. The Bradford journal is regarded by historians as the preeminent work of 17th century America. It is Bradford’s simple yet vivid story, as told in his journal, that has made the Pilgrims the much-loved "spiritual ancestors of all Americans" (Samuel Eliot Morison).
First page from Bradford’s Journal 9

10. Massachusetts Bay Colony
A group of Puritans persuaded
King James to grant them
an area of land between the
Massachusetts Bay and
Charles River in North America.
The main party of 700 people left
Southampton in April During the 1630s over 20,000 people emigrated to Massachusetts Bay.

11. Anne Bradstreet Came from a well-do-family.
Exceptionally well-educated for a woman of her day
Only 18 when she and her husband moved to
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Both her husband and father
served terms as Governor
Raised eight children
Bradstreet was an unusually well-educated woman for her time, which allowed her to express herself through writing. She wrote about politics, history, medicine, and theology. Her personal library of books was said to have numbered over 800, many of which were destroyed when her home burned down on July 10, This event itself inspired a poem entitled "Upon the Burning of Our House July 10th, 1666", wherein Bradstreet rejects the worldly tragedy which has befallen her family and looks toward God and afterlife as consolation.
In 1647 Bradstreet's brother-in-law, Rev. John Woodbridge, sailed to England, carrying her manuscript of poetry (possibly without her knowledge). Anne's first work was published in London as "The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America, by a Gentlewoman in such Parts".[2] The purpose of the publication appears to have been an attempt by devout Puritan men (i.e. Thomas Dudley, Simon Bradstreet, John Woodbridge) to show that a godly and educated woman could elevate the position held by a wife and mother, without necessarily placing her in competition with men. 11

12. Wrote for herself, not publication
Published in 1650 – considered to be the first collection of original poetry written in the colonies
First female poet to be published
Used Plain Puritan Style

13. They came as Puritans in the true sense, not Separatists.
Most of the settlers of Plymouth were poor and work-class. The settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony were much wealthier and of higher social standing.
They came as Puritans in the true sense, not Separatists.
While the Pilgrims of Plymouth are more celebrated in our memories, the Massachusetts Bay colony had more lasting impact.
Boston today
Plymouth today

14. Lasting Effects of Puritans
Emphasis on Simplicity in Worship
Public Education
High Moral Standards
Democratic Political Principles
Puritan Ethic – Believed good was accomplished through hard work, self-reliance, and self-discipline. Influenced industrialism and efficiency.
Low church versus high church
Clinton-Lewinski Affair as perceived in England vs. US
Predestination – God has already decided who will achieve salvation and who will not
Puritans had few possessions, dressed uniformly, and frowned on creative expression.
Harvard University 14

15. Purpose for Literature:
Puritan Literature
Purpose for Literature:
provide spiritual insight and instruction
Too busy surviving to spend time creating poems or other literature.
Ornate or clever style would be a sign of vanity and therefore not in God’s will
More puritan writers because they were firm believers in education
Puritan Style – reflected in the plain style of their lives – spare, simple, and straightforward. 15

16. Style of Puritan literature:
Simple—plain writing style with a clear statement. There is no use of pathos or emotion to sway the reader.
Straightforward—unembellished direct statements, with little figurative language, although there are frequent Biblical allusions.
Spiritual—intended as either personal reflection or group edification

17. Types of Puritan Literature
Some narrative accounts such as histories, biographies, and autobiographies.
Some poems, journals and diaries, but their aim was primarily for serious self-examination
Did not produce fiction nor drama because they regarded both as sinful.

18. Helpful Info for Reading “Of Plymouth Plantation”
Mayflower left England in Sept with 90 passengers plus the crew
Sailed with the Speedwell with 30 passengers plus crew
Speedwell deemed not seaworthy (may have been sabotaged) and returned to England. 12 passengers transfer to the Mayflower
Land first at the tip of Cape Cod in November, but move to present day Plymouth before Christmas
Not the first Europeans in the area
Mayflower lands with 102 passengers
40 people were recruited by from England without regard to religious beliefs
18 servants
Passengers made up of 50 men 20 women 32 children
Crew was about 25-30
Popham Colony had settled on the coast of Maine, but had abandoned the colony in John Smith had explored the area in There were also other European traders and explorers who had contact with the tribe 18

19. Quick Review
What is the difference between a Separatist and a Puritan?
What is a narrative account?
What type of literature did the Puritans NOT create?
What does the “Puritan Ethic” mean?
What was the style of Puritan writing and why did they write in that style?

20. Group Work Get in your letter group.
Read from The General History of Virginia.

21. Make a chart Individuals Connect to Smith Actions Pres. Wingfield
Captain Kendall
Robinson and
Emery
George Cassen

22. Exit Ticket 1
What motives influenced Smith’s portrayal of his fellow colonists (cite specific examples from the text) .

23. Exit Ticket 2
What made Smith a great leader? Cite 3 specific lines from the text

24. Exit Ticket 3
7. Examine a Historical Narrative Smith’s account of his explorations along the Chickahominy River is filled with details that suggest he is a hero. But if you read closely, he reveals that he was severely criticized for the way he performed.
Reread lines 72–90, and record the conflicting information in a chart like the one shown.
Chart
Smith’s Version Accusations Against Him
What accusations is Smith defending himself against?

25. Exit ticket
What made Smith a great leader? Cite 3 specific lines from the test.