1. computer graphics & visualization Animation Process

2. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Animation and Simulation Anima (lat.) – Atem, Seele, Leben The art of breathing life into something

3. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Overview Animation: motion captured by a sequence of images Classes: – Traditional animation: Film, Cartoons (Disney etc.) – Computer aided animation: support in traditional animation – Computer animation Entire production in the computer Modeling and animation software (Maya, 3D Studio Max) Modellierung Rendering Animation

4. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Overview Temporal change of: – Objects (position, orientierung, size, shape, color, etc) – Camera (position, direction, angle, focus, etc) – Illumination (position, direction, brightness, color) Application areas: – Advertisement – Film – Computer games – Simulation – Visualization

5. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Overview Relation to modeling – Static modeling of geometry  „Modeling“ along time axis Relation to simulation – Physics based, realistic animation Fluids, Clothes

6. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group History 1824 „Persistenz des Sehens“ [Roget] Perception of a visual stimuli with latency (cf. Phi-Phenomenon [Wertheimer 1911] ) 1830 Animation machines 6

7. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group History 1870 Chronophotography [Muybridge] 1880 Film projector (Kinetoscope) [Edison] 7

8. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group History 1900 Pioners of animation: – Melbourne-Cooper 1899: First film animation – Blackton 1906: „Humorous phases of funny faces“ – Simple Stop-Animation of table drawings

9. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group History 1912 „Gertie, the Trained Dinosaur“ 5 Min. Comic

10. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group History Walt Disney: – 1922 Disney Studios – 1928 „Steamboat Willy“

11. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group History 1932 Stop-Motion Animation „King Kong“

12. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group History First computer animationen – 1950 Springing ball in „Whirlwind“ [Adams, MIT] – 1965 „Sketchpad“ [Sutherland] – Um 1975: Skeleton Keyframing Script-Languages for animation

13. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group History 1976 „ Futureworld“ first time 3D Graphic „wireframe“ in film 1982 „Tron“ (Disney): first time real 3D Graphic in film 1986 „Luxo Jr.“ (Pixar) 1987 „Rendevouz à Montreal“ (Thalmann) 1997 „Geri‘s Game“ (Pixar), Oscar 1998

14. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group History  Present http://movies.gerardbutlerangels.com/300.html

15. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Literature Watt, Watt: Advanced Animation and Rendering Techniques, Addison-Wesley, 1992 Vince: 3D Computer Animation, Addison- Wesley, 1992 SIGGRAPH 2001 Course „Physically Based Modeling“ (Witkin et al.) Parent: Computer Animation, Morgan Kaufman, 2002 Zum Storytelling: Vogler: The Writer‘s Journey, Pan 1999

16. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Overview Animation classes – Handpainted images – Moving pieces of paper – Handcrafted models – Computer assisted animation – Computer animation

17. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Overview Steps in the animation process – Storyboard – Voice-recording – Shooting – Scanning – Modelling – Texturing – Animation – Shading / Lighting – Rendering – Compositing

18. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Storyboard – The idea – Treatment – B/W hand paintings Action template Character development – First film version Check of timing and comprehensibility – Loose color paintings Visual impression of set, clothes Lighting the scene 18

19. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Voice-recording – Unscripted dialoges of laities – Voices of professional actors – Good voices of laities 19

20. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Shooting – Shooting the real scene – Motion capture – Recording light conditions – Bluescreening – Recording relative sizes and distances 20

21. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Scanning Cement models of characters – Laser scanner – Repräsentation as point cloud – Different triangulations Low-res, high-res 21

22. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Modelling Decomposition in sub-objects Generation of new objects from base objects Object hierarchies Software – Amapi 3Dwww.eovia.comwww.eovia.com – Maya (Builder)www.aliaswavefront.comwww.aliaswavefront.com

23. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Texturing Surface characteristics of objects – Image: color information – Bump map: structure – Specular map: reflection attributes

24. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Animation Skeleton with joints – Interactive model – Key-framing – Inverse kinematics – Motion capturing – Refinement of movements

25. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Animation Alternative techniques – Physical dynamics engine – Artificial intelligence

26. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Shading / Lighting Shader – Representing surface charcteristics – Simulation of wood, glas, metal, etc. Lighting – Lighting the scene as in real film – Evtl. by means of recorded data Key light Ambient light Specular light Bounce light

27. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Rendering High quality frames – Additional special effects Motion blur, lensflares – 6-90 h computing time per frame – Speed-up by render farms – Software Pixar Renderman Oscar winner Terminator 3, Jurassic Park 1-3, Toy Story 1+2, Star Wars: Episode I-III, The Matrix 1-3, Fight Club, Gladiator…

28. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Rendering High quality rendering 28

29. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Compositing Blending of graphics and film – Blending effects – Post-production

30. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Compositing

31. computer graphics & visualization Simulation and Animation – SS07 Jens Krüger – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Compositing 31