Resource Pack NEBOSH International General Certificate

Resource Pack NEBOSH International General Certificate
Ian Harries CMIOSH © 2013 Ian Harries. All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any storage retrieval system without permission in writing from the publishers.

NEBOSH International General Certificate
in Occupational Safety and Health IGC1.1 Foundations in Health & Safety Chapter 1

Unit contents Learning outcomes
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Unit contents Learning outcomes The scope and nature of occupational health and safety Moral, social and economic reasons for managing health and safety in the workplace The role of national governments and international bodies in the regulation of health and safety (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety
NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Learning outcomes Outline the scope and nature of occupational health and safety. Explain briefly the moral, social and economic reasons for maintaining and promoting good standards of health and safety in the workplace. Outline the role of national governments and international bodies in formulating a framework for the regulation of health and safety. (c) Providence Training Limited

The scope and nature of occupational health and safety
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety The scope and nature of occupational health and safety (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Introduction to managing health & safety Benefits of managing health & safety Key definitions Group discussion The effective management of health and safety is important to all organizations, irrespective of their size, work activities, industry sector, etc. Health and safety issues will differ from country to country. This unit aims to introduce you to the foundations necessary for any organization to effectively manage occupational health and safety. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Group discussion Key definitions Benefits of managing health & safety Introduction to managing The International Labour Organization (ILO), World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations (UN) estimates that annually there are: 270 million occupational accidents, and 160 millions cases of occupational disease reported throughout the world. It is also estimated that over 2 million workers die each year as the result of accidents or contracting an occupational illness. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Group discussion Key definitions Benefits of managing health & safety Introduction to managing Estimated numbers of global work-related adverse events (ILO) Event Daily average Annually Work-related deaths 5,000 2,000,000 Work-related deaths of children 60 22,000 Work-related accidents 740,000 270,000,000 Work-related diseases 438,000 160,000,000 Hazardous substance deaths 1,205 440,000 Asbestos-related deaths 274 100,000 (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Group discussion Key definitions Benefits of managing health & safety Introduction to managing Corporate responsibility is now a widely accepted term used throughout the world, as it covers: the effects an organization’s activities have on the environment human rights third world poverty. Therefore corporate responsibility includes the health and safety of employees and others who could be affected by the organization’s activities. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Group discussion Key definitions Benefits of managing health & safety Introduction to managing In the UK the Health & Safety Executive (HSE) has the responsibility for enforcing health and safety legislation and is working with UK organizations to: Improve health and safety management systems to reduce workplace injuries and ill-health Demonstrate the importance of health and safety issues at all levels of an organization, especially management and board levels Report publicly on health and safety issues within their organization, including their performance in relation to accidents, workplace ill health, etc. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Group discussion Key definitions Benefits of managing health & safety Introduction to managing What types of barriers may be present within an organization in relation to accepting health and safety? Any personal experiences? (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Group discussion Key definitions Benefits of managing health & safety Introduction to managing There are many obstacles – both internal and external – to achieving good health and safety standards: Production targets and pressures Performance targets and pressures Financial pressures and constraints The organization itself in terms of structure, scope of operation, etc. Acceptance throughout the organization of the reasons for managing health and safety effectively. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Group discussion Key definitions Benefits of managing health & safety Introduction to managing The following are common issues relating to the management of health and safety: Arrangements and procedures may not be apparent to employees Audits are only concerned with a review of paper systems, not how risks are actually managed in the workplace Excessive and complicated documents make acceptance by managers, supervisors and employees difficult to enforce Other business priorities are given more emphasis Supervisors not understanding or implementing safety procedures, which leads to non-acceptance by employees. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Group discussion Key definitions Benefits of managing health & safety Introduction to managing Often within an organization or workplace, health and safety management will encompass: Risk assessment Setting targets and objectives and monitoring Promotion of a safe and healthy working environment Identifying and understanding the impact on the health of employees. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Group discussion Key definitions Benefits of managing health & safety Introduction to managing Organizations are able to demonstrate legal compliance to enforcement agencies, who in turn have more confidence in their ability to safeguard the health and safety of employees and others than organizations who do not effectively manage health and safety issues. Health and safety is given equal priority to other business objectives – financial, quality, production, etc. Allow for significant risks to be identified, evaluated and controlled in a systematic manner. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Group discussion Key definitions Benefits of managing health & safety Introduction to managing Allow the organization to demonstrate compliance with legal terms such as ‘practicable’ and ‘so far as is reasonably practicable’. Demonstrate they can respond and manage the impact of emergencies effectively. Illustrate a commitment to the health and safety of employees, and others. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Group discussion Key definitions Benefits of managing health & safety Introduction to managing In the UK the HSE believes that effective management of health and safety: Is essential for employee well-being Has a major role in enhancing an organization’s reputation Is financially beneficial to the organization by reducing costs relating to accidents, down-time, investigations, claims for compensation, etc. (c) Providence Training Limited

Scope and nature Health Safety
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Benefits of managing health & safety Group discussion Key definitions Introduction to managing Health Protecting the bodies and minds of people from illnesses arising from exposure to materials, processes or procedures used in the workplace. Safety Protecting individuals from physical injury. (c) Providence Training Limited

Scope and nature Hazard Risk
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Benefits of managing health & safety Group discussion Key definitions Introduction to managing Hazard The potential for a substance, person, activity or process to cause harm. Risk The likelihood of a substance, person, activity or process to cause harm including the severity of harm. A risk can be reduced and a hazard eliminated or controlled through effective management of risk. (c) Providence Training Limited

Scope and nature Welfare Accident
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Benefits of managing health & safety Group discussion Key definitions Introduction to managing Welfare Provision of facilities to maintain the health and well-being of individuals present in the workplace, such as washing and sanitation facilities, provision of drinking water, heating, lighting, etc. including first aid facilities. Accident An unplanned event that results in injury or ill health of people, damage or loss of property, plant, materials or the environment or a loss of a business opportunity. (c) Providence Training Limited

Scope and nature Near miss Dangerous occurrences
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Benefits of managing health & safety Group discussion Key definitions Introduction to managing Near miss Any incident which could have resulted in an accident. Near miss statistics in the UK has shown that for every 10 near miss events 1 minor accident occurs. Dangerous occurrences An incident which could have led to a serious injury, loss of life or property damage, e.g. release of flammable gas, collapse of scaffold structure, crane or passenger carrying equipment. (c) Providence Training Limited

Scope and nature Workplace ill health
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Benefits of managing health & safety Group discussion Key definitions Introduction to managing Workplace ill health Any condition which an employee develops which is linked to exposure to hazardous substances, noise, vibration, biological agents, etc. Can also include stress. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Scope and nature Group discussion Key definitions Benefits of managing health & safety Introduction to managing 1 What are the definitions of the following terms and common workplace examples of each: a Hazard b Risk? (c) Providence Training Limited

Moral, social and economic reasons for managing health and safety
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Moral, social and economic reasons for managing health and safety (c) Providence Training Limited

Why manage effectively?
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Why manage effectively? The ILO estimates that work-related deaths and illnesses represent 3.9 percent of all deaths, together with 15 percent of the world’s population suffering a workplace injury or developing an occupational illness each year. Up to 30 percent of the world’s unemployed report they are suffering from an injury or workplace disease relating to their previous employment. Fatal workplace accidents in Asia and Latin America are increasing. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Labour force Estimated fatalities (annually) Estimated lost time accidents (annually) Australia 9,796,300 236 180,486 Brazil 83,000,000 11,304 11,366,000 Canada 16,200,000 899 789,000 China 737,000,000 73,595 68,692,000 EU 224,050,000 11,369 4,340,000 Egypt 19,200,000 3,884 2,245,000 India 443,000,000 48,176 30,627,000 South Korea 22,100,000 3,148 1,542,000 Saudi Arabia 5,800,000 1,096 632,000 United Kingdom 27,200,000 225 180,000 USA 141,800,000 6,821 5,069,000 (c) Providence Training Limited

% share of fatal injuries Fatal accidents per 100,000 workers
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Region % share of fatal injuries Fatal accidents per 100,000 workers Established market economies 5 4.5 Former socialist economies 13.0 India 11 11.0 China 26 10.0 Other Asia and Islands 22 20.5 Sub-Saharan Africa 15 21.0 Latin-America and Caribbean 15.0 Middle Eastern Crescent 17.0 (c) Providence Training Limited

Economical active population Fatal occupational accidents
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Region Economical active population Fatal occupational accidents Established market economies 419,732,002 15,879 Former socialist economies 183,089,714 17,416 India 443,860,000 40,133 China 740,703,000 90,295 Other Asia and Islands 415,527,598 76,886 Sub-Saharan Africa 279,680,390 53,292 Latin-America and Caribbean 219,083,179 36,372 Middle Eastern Crescent 135,220,721 17,977 (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Work-related diseases cause the majority of deaths amongst the world’s working population: Of the 2.2 million work related deaths each year, 1.7 million are the result of disease The ILO estimates there to be 160 million cases of work-related disease each year Hazardous substances kill about 438,000 workers annually, with asbestos-related illness claiming about 100,000 lives. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Labour force Work-related disease fatalities Australia 9,796,300 6,634 Brazil 83,000,000 44,375 Canada 16,200,000 10,962 China 737,000,000 414,024 EU 224,050,000 50,279 Egypt 19,200,000 26,175 India 443,000,000 325,350 South Korea 22,100,000 11,665 Saudi Arabia 5,800,000 8,660 United Kingdom 27,200,000 20,552 USA 141,800,000 98,210 (c) Providence Training Limited

Economical active population Fatal work-related disease
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Region Economical active population Fatal work-related disease Established market economies 419,732,002 281,364 Former socialist economies 183,089,714 148,194 India 443,860,000 261,891 China 740,703,000 386,645 Other Asia and Islands 415,527,598 178,786 Sub-Saharan Africa 279,680,390 211,262 Latin-America and Caribbean 219,083,179 108,195 Middle Eastern Crescent 135,220,721 120,725 (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons A common feature of most countries’ legal systems is the concept of the duty of care each employer owes to their employees, as well as other persons who may be affected by their activities. This duty cannot be passed onto another person, such as a manager or a consultant employed to provide advice and support to the employer, or if an employee is sub-contracted to work for another employer. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Commonly this duty is divided into five specific areas: 1 Provision of a safe place of work, including access and egress 2 Provision of safe plant and equipment 3 Provision of safe systems of work 4 Employing safe and competent employees 5 Provision of adequate levels of supervision, information, instruction and training. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Health and safety requirements will normally be reinforced by national civil and/or criminal law. This provides an incentive to manage health and safety effectively as the outcome of failing to safeguard employees’, or others’, health and safety may lead to: Enforcement action Prosecution Fines and/or imprisonment – criminal law Compensation claims – civil law. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons A study of UK accidents and ill health by the HSE identified that indirect costs (or hidden costs) could be as much as 36 times higher than direct costs. In 2000 the European Union estimated that occupational accidents cost member states 55 billion Euros each year. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons The Business Case for Health and Safety Accidents and work-related ill-health both require investigating to identify the direct and indirect costs involved. A UK HSE study identified that indirect costs for an accident could be as much as 36 times greater than the known direct costs £1 £8 - 36 (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons The Business Case for Health and Safety DIRECT COSTS Insured direct costs will include: Insurance claims Damage to buildings, equipment or vehicles Attributable production and/or general business loss Absence of employees. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons The Business Case for Health and Safety DIRECT COSTS Uninsured direct costs will include: Fines arising from prosecutions Sick pay Damage to product, equipment or vehicles which is not attributable to the accident Increased insurance premiums Compensation not covered by the insurance policy due to agreed excesses Legal representation. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons The Business Case for Health and Safety INDIRECT COSTS Insured direct costs will include: Cumulative business loss Product or process liability claims Recruitment of replacement staff. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons The Business Case for Health and Safety INDIRECT COSTS Uninsured direct costs: Loss of goodwill and poor corporate image including poor staff morale Accident investigation time together with any remedial action required Production delays Extra overtime payments Lost time for other employees – e.g. first aider Recruitment and training of replacement staff Additional administration time. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Employers’ liability insurance Many countries’ legal systems require employers to have employers’ liability insurance – the purpose of the insurance is to cover their liability in the event of an employee suffering a injury following an accident or contracting an occupational disease. Such cover ensures that should the employee make a compensation claim they will receive their compensation irrespective of their employer’s financial status. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Fault and no-fault injury compensation In the UK compensation for injuries/occupational diseases is awarded after a successful civil case brought by the employee. To achieve this the claimant has to prove the defendant was at fault and was therefore negligent – this means the system is adversarial and costly and is a major contribution to spiraling insurance claims and costs of premiums. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Fault and no-fault injury compensation In New Zealand, Canada, Scandinavian countries and some US states, a no-fault compensation system is in place. In such systems compensation levels are agreed at a state or national government level based on the type and severity of the injury. As opposed to the UK system, compensation is often in the form of a structured continual award, and may be in the form of a service as opposed to monetary compensation. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Fault and no-fault injury compensation For any national non-faulty system to work five principles must be in place: 1 Community responsibility 2 Comprehensive entitlement irrespective of income or job status 3 Complete rehabilitation of the injured person 4 Real compensation for the injured person 5 Administrative efficiency of the compensation scheme. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons Fault and no-fault injury compensation Possible advantages: Accident claims are settled quicker than in fault systems Accident reporting rates can improve Accidents are easier to investigate as blame is no longer an issue More funds are available from insurance premiums for the injured party and less is used in the judicial and administrative processes. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Moral reasons Social reasons Financial reasons Effective management Group discussion Fault and no-fault injury compensation Possible disadvantages: May be an increase in unjustified claims Lack of direct accountability of managers and employers Mental injury and trauma are often excluded from no-fault schemes due to the difficulty in generically measuring these conditions Can be difficult to define the many causes of accidents and occupational diseases. (c) Providence Training Limited

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Effective management Group discussion Financial reasons Social reasons Moral reasons SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY EFFECTIVE HEALTH & SAFETY MANAGEMENT MORAL LEADERSHIP FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Why manage effectively? Moral reasons Social reasons Financial reasons Effective management Group discussion 1 a What is the purpose of employer liability insurance? b List six costs of an accident which might be uninsured. 2 a What are the possible consequences of an accident to: i the injured worker ii their employer? b List the direct and indirect costs to the employer of accidents at work. c What actions may an enforcement agency take following an accident at work? (c) Providence Training Limited

Role of national governments and international bodies
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national governments and international bodies (c) Providence Training Limited

Role of national & international bodies
NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Role of national & international bodies Role and function A specialized agency of the United Nations which seeks to promote social justice through establishing and safeguarding internationally recognized human and labour rights. The ILO consists of over 175 member states, but can be a source of guidance and influence on non-member states. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Role and function The ILO formulates international labour standards and aims to establish minimum rights, such as: Freedom of association The right to organize Collective bargaining Abolition of forced and child labour Equality of opportunity and treatment. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Role and function The main principles of the ILO are: 1 Labour is not a commodity 2 Freedom of expression and association are essential to sustained progress 3 Poverty anywhere constitutes a danger to prosperity everywhere 4 The ‘war against want’ is required to be carried out by each member state. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Conventions and Recommendations ILO occupational safety and health standards: 1 Guiding policies for action – the Occupational Safety & Health Convention 1985 (No. 155) and its accompanying Recommendation (No. 164) require preventative measures and a coherent national policy on occupational safety and health. Also stresses employer’s responsibilities and the rights and duties of employees. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Conventions and Recommendations ILO occupational safety and health standards: 2 Protection in given branches of economic activity – The Safety and Health in Construction Convention 1988 (No. 167) and its accompanying Recommendation (No. 175) stipulates the basic principles and measures to promote health and safety for workers in construction. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Conventions and Recommendations ILO occupational safety and health standards: 3 Protection against specific risk – the Asbestos Convention (No. 162) and its accompanying Recommendation (No. 172) gives managerial, technical and medical measures to protect workers against exposure to asbestos dust. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Conventions and Recommendations ILO occupational safety and health standards: 4 Measures of protection – Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provision) Convention 1975 (No. 143) aims to protect the safety and health of migrant workers. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Conventions and Recommendations ILO Conventions are international treaties signed by Member States, with each country obliged to comply with the standards set out by the Convention. Recommendations are non-binding and often deal with the same issues as a Convention. They are adopted when the subject, or aspects, are not considered suitable or appropriate at the time for a Convention. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Conventions and Recommendations ILO standards are the same for each member state – there are no different standards for different regions of the world or groups of countries. Standards are modified and modernized as necessary – the ILO’s governing body periodically reviews standards to ensure they remain relevant and effective. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Conventions and Recommendations In addition to Conventions and Recommendations the ILO also publishes Codes of Practice, guidance and manuals. These form a body of reference material of greater detail than Conventions and Recommendations and suggest practical solutions for the application of ILO standards by member states. ILO CoPs indicate ‘what should be done’. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Conventions and Recommendations Examples of ILO Codes of Practice: Safety and health in construction Ambient factors in the workplace Safety in the use of chemicals at work Recording and notification of occupational accidents and diseases Ergonomic checkpoints Work organization and ergonomics Occupational safety and health management systems. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Absolute The highest duty which can be imposed and requires action to be taken – regardless of cost – where the level of risk is considered so high that injury is inevitable. Provision of machinery guarding to prevent access to the dangerous parts of any work equipment Example (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Practicable A more common duty imposed on employers for the provision of safeguards which are technically possible and feasible – again cost cannot be an argument for not complying with a practical requirement under national legislation. The installation of local exhaust ventilation in a woodworking workshop to prevent exposure to wood dust generated during cutting, sanding, etc. Example (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Reasonably Practicable The most common duty and requires employers to evaluate the level of risk in balance with the time cost and inconvenience of complying with a requirement of national legislation. The provision of adequate welfare facilities – toilets, hot and cold running water, facilities to prepare and consume hot and cold drink/food. Example (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Reasonably practicable Risk Sacrifice Risk Sacrifice Time Time Cost Cost High Effort Effort Low (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Employer’s duties and responsibilities The ILO’s principle duties of employers (ILO Recommendation 164) are: 1 Provide and maintain workplaces, machinery, equipment and work methods which are as safe and without risk as is reasonably practicable 2 Give necessary instruction and training that takes into account the functions and capabilities of different workers (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Employer’s duties and responsibilities 3 Provide adequate supervision of work practices to ensure that proper use is made of relevant occupational health and safety measures 4 Institute suitable occupational health and safety management arrangements appropriate to the working environment, size of the organization and its activities 5 Provide, without cost to workers, adequate personal protective clothing and equipment which are reasonably necessary when workplace hazards cannot be prevented or controlled. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Workers’ rights and responsibilities In 1998 ILO Member States adopted the Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work which covers the following four areas: 1 Freedom of association 2 Forced labour 3 Discrimination 4 Child labour. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Workers’ rights Consulted on risks from workplace hazards Enquire and receive information from employers on workplace hazards Take adequate precautions to protect themselves and others from workplace hazards Request to be involved in the assessment of hazards and risks Be involved in the development of health surveillance and participate in its implementation Be informed in a timely comprehensive manner of any workplace or individual examinations (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Workers’ rights Raise concerns about workplace hazards and risks Appeal to the competent authority if health & safety measures are inadequate Remove themselves from any hazardous situations where they have good reason to Be transferred to another work location if they are medically affected by a workplace hazard Compensation if they are unable to work due to being medically affected by a workplace hazard Adequate medical treatment & compensation for occupational injuries or diseases (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Workers’ rights Not use any equipment, processes or substances which can reasonably be expected to be hazardous without receiving appropriate information (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Workers’ responsibilities Under Convention 187 employees/workers have the following responsibilities: 1 Take reasonable care of their own health and safety and that of others who may be affected by their acts or omissions at work 2 Comply with instructions given for their own health and safety and that of others and with safety procedures (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Workers’ responsibilities 3 Use safety devices and protective equipment correctly and not to render them inoperative 4 Report immediately to their supervisor any situation which they have reason to believe could present a hazard and which they cannot themselves correct 5 Report any accident or injury to health which arises in the course of or in connection with their work. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Legal framework Legal frameworks will vary from country to country. EU Member States use the EU’s framework for health and safety Pacific Rim countries tend to follow the USA framework for health and safety Caribbean countries tend to follow the UK framework for health and safety. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Legal framework Acts Regulations (mandatory) Codes of Practice (standards to be achieved – such as UK Approved Codes of Practice) National and International Standards Industry Standards and Guidance Notes (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources HSG 65 is published in the UK by the Health & Safety Executive (HSE) as a guide to successful health and safety management. The guide is more concerned with continual improvement than the attainment of minimum health and safety standards. This framework is used by HSE Inspectors when auditing the health and safety management arrangements of employers. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources OHSAS is an internationally recognized accredited standard for occupational health and safety management. The standard is similar in structure to ILO-OSH 2001, with the main exception that it is only awarded to organizations following a successful audit by an awarding institution. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources ILO-OSH 2001 is a guideline offering a recommended occupational health and safety management framework. There are main common elements with the UK’s HSG 65 and OHSAS 18001; the framework is not legally binding on ILO member states and does not seek to replace national laws, regulations or standards. To be successful the ILO recognizes that there must be a national policy on health and safety and occupational health and safety management systems in place. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources Internal sources Accident and ill-health records and investigation reports Absenteeism records Inspection and audit reports undertaken by the organization, enforcement body or other competent third party Maintenance records, risk assessments and training records Internal guidance documents to employees Equipment testing, inspection and examination reports. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources External sources National health and safety legislation National enforcement body codes of practice, guidance notes International standards (ISO) ILO conventions, recommendations or codes of practice European and British Standards Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) European Agency for Safety and Health Worksafe (Western Australia). (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources External sources Health and safety magazines and journals Information published by trade associations, employer organizations Specialist legal and technical journals Information from manufacturers and suppliers The internet. (c) Providence Training Limited

NGC1 Management of Health & Safety NGC1.1 Foundations in Health and Safety Role of national & international bodies Levels of duties & responsibilities The International Labour Organization Enforcement Group discussion Information sources 1 Why should an organization maintain good standards of health and safety management? 2 a Give four reasons why an organization should maintain and promote good standards of health and safety in the workplace. b What sources of information can be used by an organization to help maintain and promote good standards of health and safety in the workplace? (c) Providence Training Limited

Resource Pack NEBOSH International General Certificate

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Resource Pack NEBOSH International General Certificate

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Presentation on theme: "Resource Pack NEBOSH International General Certificate"— Presentation transcript:

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