1. ANTIBIOTICS Dr.Tawfeq A. Al-Howiriny Associate Professor talhowiriny@yahoo.com

2. Broad spectrum penicillins Neisseria gonorrheae : 1- Non penicillinase producing 2- Penicillinase producing strains 3- Resistant to penicillins due to chromosomal changes - Broad spectrum penicillins are not active against : 1- Klebsiella pneumoniae 2- Pseudomonas aeurogenosa

3. Broad spectrum penicillins Mega spectrum penicillins A Carboxy penicillins 1- Carbenicillin : - Acid unstable, used only parenterally - MIC against pseudomonas 50 µg /ml - Not used in monotherapy - Advantages of multitherapy ?! - Disadvantages of carbenicllin

4. 2- Ticarcillin : - Ticarcillin + C.A. “ Timentin ® ” - Used as EMPIRIC treatment 3- Carindacillin : - Used in UTI by p.aeurogenosa - Not used for soft tissues infections ?!

5. B- The ureido penicillins : - Piperacillin : - Polar, not absorbed orally, used parenterally - Mega antimicrbial spectrum, includig strains that are resistant to ampicillin - MIC is 4 µg/ml

6. - Polar, serum protein binding low, it is excellent in bacteremia - It is use is restricted to hospitalized patients “ Nosocomial infections “