1. Chapter 20 oncogene, anti-oncogene and growth factor The biochemistry and molecular biology department of CMU

2. Relationship of oncogene, anti- oncogene and growth factor

3. §1 Oncogene

4. Oncogenes are cellular genes that can trigger uncontrolled cell proliferation if their sequence is altered or their expression is incorrectly regulated.

5. A gene found in viruses or as part of the normal genome that is involved in triggering cancerous characteristics. Control the cell growth and cell differentiation. virus oncogene (v-onc) and cellular- oncogene (c-onc) or proto-oncogene

6. Virus- oncogene (v-onc) Genes are in viruses that can cause tumors in vivo and transform the cell in vitro.

7. In 1910, Peyton Rous found the first retrovirus in a chickens filtrated sarcoma. Rous got the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1966.

8. Cellular Oncogene (c-onc) Genes are in static or low-level expression state in normal cells under the normal situation and play an important role in maintaining the normal function of cells.

10. Category and major product of cellular oncogene 1. src family — tyrosine protein kinase 2. ras familiy — P21 （ GTPase activity ） 3. myc familiy — intranuclear DNA binding protein 4. sis familiy — P28 (similar platelet derived growth factor) 5. myb familiy — intranuclear transcription factor

11. Product and Function of Proto- oncogene Extracellular growth factors Transmembrane growth factor receptors Intracellular signal transduction proteins Intranuclear transcription factors

14. Mechanisms of Oncogene Activation Obtaining promoter or enhancer Group translocation or chromosome rearrangements Proto-oncogene amplification Gene mutation

19. §2 Anti-oncogene

20. Tumor suppressor gene (anti-oncegene) A gene whose protein products inhibit cell division, thereby preventing uncontrolled cell growth (cancer).

21. Coding the restrained protein relating to cell cycle control. When tumor suppressive gene is deleted and mutated, there is an induced occurrence of tumors. Rb gene and P53 gene.

22. Rb gene Rb refers to retinoblastoma. The major function of Rb gene is the regulation of cell cycle procession.

24. Mechanism of action of Rb gene

25. P53 gene P53 gene encodes the protein which molecular weight is 53.

26. Biologic function of P53 protein Suppressing cell cycle Suppressing transformation function of some oncogenes Monitoring cell DNA damage Inducing the cell apoptosis

28. §3 Growth Factor

29. Growth Factor A kind of signal molecules similar with hormones that are secreted by cells and promote cell proliferation and differentiation.

30. familiar human growth factor FactorPrincipal resourcePrimary function EGF Submaxillary gland, kidney, duodenal gland EPO kidney HGF Placenta IFN- γ Activated TH 1 and NK cells IGF NGF Placent, primarily liver, plasm Neur, submaxillary gland PDGFPlatelets,endothelial cells,placenta TGF α Tumor cell, transforming cell, placenta TGF β Activated TH 1 cells(T-helper) and natural killer(NK) cells VEGFSmooth muscle, tumor

31. Producing second messenger Intracellular related protein phosphorylated Binding membrane receptor Tyrosine kinase activition Protein kinase activated Intranuclear transcription factor activation genetic transcription Binding intracellular receptor growth factor- receptorcompou nds activation related gene Mechanism of action of growth factor