1. CE 515 Railroad Engineering Armstrong Chapter 8: Railroad Operation – Moving From Here to There “Transportation exists to conquer space and time -”

2. Interchange “Transfer of cars from one road to another at a common junction” ~20% of all carloads travel on more than 1 companies lines Greater than half of shipments are individual cars or small groupings

3. Contract Rates 70% of freight moves under contracted rates Contract must cover the same matters as a tariff Terms of a contract are not public information

4. Rating the Shipment When not under contract railroad must establish and provide equivalent price information 30% of freight moves under published rates http://c02.my.uprr.com/cdm/pricedocument/price_doc ument.jas

5. Bill of Lading Contract of carriage between the shipper and the rail line o Legal contract once signed by shipper Two Main Types o Open – Prepaid o Order – Consignee must pay shipper

6. Waybill Contract between railroads involved in movement of shipment Contains information to help keep track of the car and shipment Last road handling road-haul carrier responsible for collecting freight charges If handled by multiple carriers kept on central file

7. Waybill Car number and initials Waybill number Waybill Date Origin station Name of Shipper Consignee Destination city Route car will travel Commodity Code Physical Description and Weight Applicable rate and total freight charges

8. Other Computer Operations Continuous Inventory Car System Location o Produces switch lists Wheel Report o List of cars in a train containing information on destination, weight and load status Consist Report o Includes date, location and car numbers in a train

9. Switching Switch list o List which directs switching crews of which car goes where Interchange delivery report o Confirms car has been turned over to new rail line

10. Arriving at Destination Consignee is notified once it reaches its destination o Order car to be sent to siding o Order car by number Rail line delivers to Consignee o Must unload within established time o If not goes into demurrage Freight bill prepared

11. Order Bill of Lading Consignee must provide proof of payment for goods to be released o Order bill from bank o Consignee bond on file o Certified check Company has 120 hours to pay freight charges

12. Switching Complexities Delivery to consignee siding done in 3 types of switches o Intraplant o Intraterminal o Interterminal Switching charges

13. Interline Settlements Central computer determines each rails share of revenue o Rail lines must approve or question shares Settlement occurs once a month o Net balances settled

14. Other Factors Equal Access Public Loading Facilities Short Line Railroading Commodities Clause

15. Tariffs Class Rates o Used with one-of-a kind occasional shipments o Move less than 1% of freight traffic Commodity Rates o Rate for a particular commodity or item o Specific from one point or area to another

16. Tariffs Ex Parte Changes o Across the board increases due to inflation Incentive Rates o Encourage shipments in more economical terms Processing-in-Transit Rates o Allows a shipment which stops for processing to be counted as 1 single trip

17. Questions?