1. Regan Doiel & Jessica Kaaz

2. The Hearing Process  Brain translates impulses caused by sound waves into meaningful messages.  Allows communication through the “telling-listening” process.  Facilitates sharing of ideas and emotions, and membership in mainstream society.

3. People Who are Deaf..  Profound hearing loss  Very little, even with aids  Restricted ability to communicate  Feel part of cultural minority—the Deaf culture

4. Three Groups  Congenitallly Deaf—present at birth  Prelingually Deaf—occurs before language development  Postlingually Deaf—occurs after age 2 or language development

5. Types of Hearing Loss  Conductive Hearing Loss—loss in the outer/middle ear  Sensorineural Hearing Loss—loss in the inner ear  Mixed Hearing Loss—both sensorineural and conducive

6. Degree of Hearing Loss  Mild—hear some speech sounds but soft sounds are hard to hear  Moderate—hear almost no speech at a normal level  Severe—hear no speech at a normal level and only some loud sounds.  Profound—will not hear any speech and only very loud sounds

7. Degree of Hearing Loss  Degree of hearing loss refers to the severity of the loss.

8. Also described as..  Unilateral or Bilateral—One or both ears  Pre-lingual or Post-lingual—Before language acquisition or after  Symmetrical or Asymmetrical—Same or differing degree and configuration of hearing loss in each ear  Progressive or Sudden—Becomes worse over time, or happens quickly  Fluctuating or Stable—Changes over time, or sometimes getting better, sometimes getting worse  Congenital or Acquired/Delayed Onset—At birth or develops later in life

9. Causes  Maternal Rubella  Meningitis  Heredity  Noise  Head trauma  Malformation of the inner ear  Impacted ear wax  Fluid in middle ear (from colds)  Punctured eardrum

10. Prevention  Protect your ears—turn volume down to music  Early diagnosis—have your hearing tested  Avoid recreational risks—wear hearing protectors or take breaks from loud activities

11. Tests and Diagnosis  General Screening Tests—Dr. speaks at various volumes to see how you respond  Tuning Fork Tests—Metal instrument that produce sound when struck  Audiometer Tests—Earphones are worn to hear various ranges of tones directed to one ear at a time

12. Treatment  Removing Wax Blockage—Dr. may loosen it with oil, then flush, scoop, or suction the softened wax out  Hearing Aids—makes sounds stronger and easer to hear  Cochlear Implants—amplifies sound and directs it into ear canal; compensates for damaged or nonworking parts of the inner ear

13. Cochlear Implants  Cochlear implants use an external microphone and speech processor that you generally wear behind your ear. A transmitter sends radiofrequency signals to a surgically implanted electronic chip, the receiver- stimulator, which stimulates the auditory nerve with electrodes that have been threaded through the cochlea.

14. Strategies for Inclusion  Can be misdiagnosed with behavioral problems  Attention span is shorter  General education may be MOST restrictive environment  Much emphasis placed on reading

15. Communication Tips  Gain attention  Don’t shout  Rephrase when misunderstood  Moderate pace, not slow  Use facial expressions and gestures

16. Implication for P.E. and Sports  Learn basic signs—stop, go, freeze, line up, wait, or yes and no  Visual Timer—visual countdown for activities performed in time increments  Visual Stick—Pictures/symbols for the days activities  Use colored jerseys to distinguish teams  Use visual cues for changing stations  Provide a helmet for the necessary activities

17. References  http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/hearingloss/types.html http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/hearingloss/types.html  http://www.brighthubeducation.com/special-ed- hearing-impairments/44945-instructing-hearing- impaired-students-in-physical-education-class/ http://www.brighthubeducation.com/special-ed- hearing-impairments/44945-instructing-hearing- impaired-students-in-physical-education-class/  http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/hearing-loss- treatment-overview http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/hearing-loss- treatment-overview  http://www.openroad.net.au/access/dakit/hearing/hha ndout14.htm http://www.openroad.net.au/access/dakit/hearing/hha ndout14.htm  http://www.hearingloss.org/content/types-causes- and-treatment http://www.hearingloss.org/content/types-causes- and-treatment  http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hearing- loss/DS00172 http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hearing- loss/DS00172