2. What is it? What is it?  Emerald ash borer (EAB),  Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire  Exotic beetle http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.icohttp://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico

3. Where Did it Come From? Where Did it Come From?  Natural range: Eastern Russia, northern China, Japan, and Korea http://www.emeraldashborer.info/search.cf m http://www.emeraldashborer.info/search.cf m

4. How Did it Get Here? How Did it Get Here?  We do not know for sure  Most likely came in ash wood used for stabilizing cargo in ships  May have arrived in packing or crating heavy consumer products  http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.i co http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.i co http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.i co

5. How Long Have They Been Here?  No one knows for sure  Experts feel it may have been in the Detroit area for at least 12 years  Initial infestation probably started from a small number of beetles  By 2002, many trees in southeastern Michigan were dead or dying  In North America, native ash trees have little or no resistance to EAB  Natural enemies have had little effect when EAB populations are high. http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico

6. What Do the Adults Look Like? What Do the Adults Look Like?  Dark metallic green in color  1/2 inch-long and 1/8 inch wide http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ic o http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ic o

7. Don’t be Fooled By Look-A-Likes!  Such as  Bronze-Birch Borer  Six-Spotted Tiger Beetle  Japanese Beetle  Two-Lined Chestnut Borer  Caterpillar Hunter  Cottonwood Borer http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/E2944.pdf http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/E2944.pdfhttp://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/E2944.pdf

8. How is the Life Cycle? How is the Life Cycle?  Can have a one- or two-year life cycle  Adults begin emerging in mid to late May with peak emergence in late June  Females usually begin laying eggs about 2 weeks after emergence  Eggs hatch in 1-2 weeks  Tiny larvae bore through the bark and into the cambium (area between bark and wood where nutrient levels are high)  Larvae feed under the bark for several weeks, usually from late July or early August through October  Larvae typically pass through four stages, eventually reaching a size of roughly 1 to 1.25 inches long  Pupation occurs in spring and the new generation of adults will emerge in May or early June, to begin the cycle again http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico

9. How Does it Spread? How Does it Spread?  Adults can fly at least 1/2 mile from the tree where they emerge  Many infestations were started when people moved infested ash nursery trees, logs, or firewood into uninfested areas  Shipments of ash nursery trees and ash logs with bark are now regulated  Transporting firewood outside of the quarantined areas is illegal  Transport of infested firewood remains a problem  Do not move ash firewood or logs outside of the quarantined area http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico

10. Where has it been Found? Where has it been Found?  First thought to occur in six counties in southeastern Michigan: Livingston, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, Washtenaw and Wayne  Also in Essex County, Ontario  we now realize that a much greater area was infested than what was initially thought.  Now only three counties in Michigan where EAB has not been detected  found in Indiana, Ohio, Illinois, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia, Wisconsin, Missouri, Maryland, Ontario  We are getting better at finding infestations as survey methods improve  important to watch for signs and symptoms of EAB in non- quarantine areas http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.icohttp://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico

11. The Pennsylvania Problem  Quarantine imposed for Butler, Lawrence, Allegheny and Beaver counties  Adult beetles found on an ash tree in Cranberry Township, Butler County, by U.S. Department of Agriculture surveyors, through a joint effort by federal and state agriculture departments, the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources and Penn State Extension http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/outoftheashes/Poland_EAB _Trapping_DaytonEDITED.pps http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/outoftheashes/Poland_EAB _Trapping_DaytonEDITED.pps http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/outoftheashes/Poland_EAB _Trapping_DaytonEDITED.pps http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/outoftheashes/Poland_EAB _Trapping_DaytonEDITED.pps

12. What is being Done Statewide?  Many agencies and Universities are working together to educate citizens about identification of ash trees and EAB  State and federal agencies have programs in place to help restore urban forest in cities that sustained heavy EAB damage  Research is underway to learn more about the biology of EAB, its rate of spread, methods for EAB detection, predators and other natural enemies that may attack EAB  Insecticides can be used to protect trees in infested areas. http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.icohttp://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico

13. What Trees Does it Attack?  In North America: affects ash trees  Trees in woodlots and landscaped areas are affected  Larval galleries were found in trees or branches measuring as little as 1-inch in diameter  All species of North American ash are susceptible. http://www.emeraldashborer.info/search.cfm http://www.emeraldashborer.info/search.cfm

14. What Happens to Infested Ash Trees?  Canopy of infested trees begins to thin above infested portions of trunk and major branches  Borer destroys water and nutrient conducting tissues under the bark  Heavily infested trees exhibit canopy die-back usually starting at top tree  One-third to one-half of the branches may die in one year  Most of canopy will be dead within 2 years of when symptoms begin  Sometimes ash trees push out sprouts from trunk after upper portions of the tree dies  Although difficult to see, adult beetles leave a "D"-shaped exit hole in bark, roughly 1/8 inch in diameter, when they emerge in June http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico

15. How do I know if It is an Ash Tree?   Branch and Bud Arrangement   Branches and buds directly across from each other and not staggered   Leaves   Leaves are compound and composed of   5-11 leaflets   Bark   On mature trees bark is tight with a distinct pattern of diamond-shaped ridges   Seeds   When present on trees, seeds are dry, oar-shaped samaras http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/e2925.pdf

16. Does it Only Attack Dying or Stressed Trees?  Healthy ash trees are also susceptible  Beetles may prefer to lay eggs or feed on stressed trees  When EAB populations are high, small trees may die within 1-2 years of becoming infested  Large trees can be killed in 3-4 years http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.icohttp://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ico

17. Alternative Trees  ‘Autumn Blaze’ Freeman Maple  Trident Maple  Hedge Maple  Miyabe Maple http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/file s/e2925.pdf http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/file s/e2925.pdf http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/file s/e2925.pdf http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/file s/e2925.pdf

18. How Do We Treat it?  Effectively treating EAB-infested ash trees can be tricky  Many are unaware of the degree of infestation ash trees have  Different stages help homeowners determine if it is worth the effort to try to save the tree, or if it may be best to take it down. http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/files/e29 25.pdf http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/files/e29 25.pdf http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/files/e29 25.pdf http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/files/e29 25.pdf

19. The Problem Early detection & delimitation are virtually impossible Signs and symptoms do not appear for 1+ years after attack By then adults may have spread New tools for detection are desperately needed! http://www.emeraldashborer.info/fil es/e2925.pdf http://www.emeraldashborer.info/fil es/e2925.pdf

20. How Big of a Problem is This?  EAB is becoming an international problem, with infestations in Canada, Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Missouri, Wisconsin, Maryland, West Virginia and Virginia  Could reach billions of dollars of damage nationwide if not dealt with  State and federal agencies have made this problem a priority  Homeowners can help by carefully monitoring their ash trees for signs and symptoms of EAB throughout the year. http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/e2925.pdf http://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/e2925.pdfhttp://www.emeraldashborer.info/files/e2925.pdf

21. Who Can I Call to Get More Info or Report an Infested Tree?  Contact your county Extension office or the nearest Department of Agriculture office  You may also contact the USDA Emerald Ash Borer Hotline toll-free at 1-866-322- 4512 http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ic o http://www.emeraldashborer.info/favicon.ic o