1. Benefits of Biomedical Research Contributions to Human and Animal Health

2. Benefits of Biomedical Research Heart-lung machine developed in 1950 after years of animal research 600,000 cardiac bypass operations in US every year

3. Benefits of Biomedical Research: Diabetes ●26 million Americans have Diabetes ●7 million unaware they have the disease ●Years of research means advances in treatment ●New oral medications ●New blood sugar monitoring devices ●Insulin pumps ●Research continues on transplanting pancreatic cells

4. Benefits of Biomedical Research: CANCER ●Gene therapy- using DNA so cells can produce therapeutic protein ●Bone Marrow transplants were introduced in 1970 ●Used to treat Leukemia ●40,000 Bone Marrow transplant each year

5. Benefits of Biomedical Research: Vaccines ●Developed through biomedical research ●Edward Jenner-1794 Smallpox Vaccine ●Louis Pasteur- 19th Century-Vaccines for Cholera, Anthrax, Rabies ●1921 Diphtheria Vaccine ●Salk and Sabin-1950’s -Polio Vaccine ●Sabin- developed Polio administered orally on a sugar cube

6. Benefits of Biomedical Research: Vaccines ●Chicken pox Vaccine - Varicella in 1995 ●Hepatitis B in 1989 ●Hepatitis A in 1995 ●Combined Hepatitis A & B in 2001

7. Benefits of Biomedical Research: Chemical/Pharmaceutical ●Fluoride-many countries add to it to H2O which helps decrease tooth decay ●Louis Pasteur first to develop principles of antibiotics ●Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin (PCN) ●1941 the first Human trials on PCN ●1972 Cyclosporine=anti-rejection drug

8. Benefits of Biomedical Research: Chem/Rx cont ●Monoclonal Antibodies-protein secreted by B lymphocytes produce defense against infection ●used in cancer research ●used in AIDS research

9. Benefits of Biomedical Research: Devices/Surgery ●Pacemakers 1950’s ●Angioplasty 1977 ●Organ transplantation ●1967 1st Heart Transplant-now 2000/year ●1954 1st Kidney Transplant-now 16,000/yr ●1963 1st Liver Transplant-now 6000/yr ●Corneal Transplant

10. Benefits of Biomedical Research: Animal Health ●Advancing Animal Health o artificial joints o pacemakers ●Keeping Pets Healthy o Amino acid deficiency and heart failure in cats ●Helping sick animals o new surgical techniques o cancer treatments

11. Benefits of Biomedical Research ●Protecting farm animals ●Providing Vaccines o Parvovirus o Rabies o Distemper ●A future for our wildlife o In Vitro fertilization to help endangered species

12. Benefits of Biomedical Research: Polio Success Story ●Poliomyelitis AKA Infantile Paralysis ●it attacks spinal cord and destroys nerve cells ●1952 peak year w/ 58,000 cases ●Lungs affected=Iron Lung ●1955 Salk Vaccine introduced Polio vaccine ●1961 Sabin Vaccine introduced Oral Polio w/ 97% reduction in new cases

13. Benefits of Biomedical Research: Polio Success Story ●1988 WHO adopts global eradication of the disease by year 2000 ●2000 ACIP recommended D/C of oral polio vaccine and replaced by IPV ●2005 Polio cases in a Minnesota Amish community, 1st cases since vaccine was D/C’d in 2000

14. Benefits of Biomedical Research: AIDS ●http://www.theaidsinstitute.org/education/aid s-101/where-did-hiv-come-0http://www.theaidsinstitute.org/education/aid s-101/where-did-hiv-come-0