1. CIS 375 Bruce R. Maxim UM-Dearborn
System Engineering
CIS 375
Bruce R. Maxim
UM-Dearborn

2. Computer System Elements
Software.
Hardware.
People.
Databases.
Documentation.
Procedures (for humans, not code).

3. System Engineering Don't take a "software-centric" view of the system.
Consider all system elements before focusing on software.
System engineering begins with a clear understanding of the "world view" and progressively narrows until technical detail is understood.
Complex systems are actually a hierarchies of subsystems.

4. System Engineering Hierarchy
World view
Domain view
Element view
Detailed view

5. Project Engineering Hierarchy
Requirements engineering
world view
Component engineering
domain view
Analysis and Design modeling
element view (software engineers)
Construction and Integration
detailed view (software engineers)

6. Business Process Engineering Hierarchy
Information Strategy Planning
world view
Business Area Analysis
domain view
Business System Design
element view (software engineers)
Construction and Integration
detailed view (software engineers)

7. Business Process Engineering Architectures
Data architecture
provides framework for information needs of a business or business function
Applications architecture
system elements that transform objects within the data architecture for some business purpose
Technology infrastructure
provides foundation for the data and application architectures

8. Computer Systems Engineering
Software Engineering
Hardware Engineering
Human Engineering

9. Computer System Analysis Tasks -1
Transform customer defined goals and constraints into system representation describing:
Function.
Performance.
Interfaces.
Design constraints.
Information structures.

10. Computer System Analysis Tasks -2
Bound the system and select the configuration using:
Project schedule and costs.
Business considerations.
Technical analysis.
Manufacturing evaluations.
Human issues.
Environmental interface.
Legal considerations.

11. Human Engineering Activity analysis Semantic analysis and design
watch the people you’re supporting
Semantic analysis and design
what and why they do things
Syntactic and lexical design
hw & sw implementation (e.g key strokes)
User environment design
physical facilities and HCI stuff

12. Requirements Engineering - 1
Requirements Elicitation
find out from customer
what the product objectives are
what is to be done
how the product fits into business needs
how the product is used on a day to day basis
Requirements Analysis
requirements organized into subsets
relations among requirements identified
requirements reviewed for correctness
requirements prioritized based on customer needs

13. Requirements Engineering - 2
Requirements Specification
work product produced describing:
function
performance
development constraints for system
System Modeling
system representation that shows relationships among the system components

14. Requirements Engineering - 3
Requirements Validation
examines the specification to ensure requirement quality
make sure work products conform to agreed upon standards
Requirements Management
set of activities that help project team to control and track requirements changes as project proceeds

15. Traceability Tables Features traceability table
Source traceability table
Dependency traceability table
Subsystem traceability table
Interface traceability table

16. System Modeling
Define processes that serve needs of the view under consideration
Represent process behavior and the assumptions on which it is modeled
Explicitly define links between constituents and the links between constituent components that are input to the model
Represent all linkages (including outputs) required to understand the view

17. System Model Restraining Factors
Assumptions
Simplifications
Limitations
Constraints
Preferences

18. System Model Template User interface Input
Process and control functions
Output
Maintenance and self test

19. System Context Diagram

20. Systems Modeling Process - 1
System Context Diagram (SCD or ACD)
top level node in system hierarchy used to establish the boundaries for the system being implemented
System Flow Diagram (SFD or AFD)
refinement of the process and control functions from SCD
derived by identifying the major subsystems and lines of information flow

21. Systems Modeling Process- 2
Initial SFD is becomes the top level node of a hierarchy of more successively more detailed SFD's
System Specification
developed by writing narrative description for each subsystem and definitions for all data that flow between subsystems

22. System Simulation
If simulation capability is not available for a reactive system, project risk increases.
Consider using an iterative process model that will allow the delivery and testing of incrementally more complete products.

23. ACD Component Management Engineer Table1.CSV Part Number Table2.CSV
INPUT
PROCESSING
OUTPUT
MAINTENANCE AND SELF-TEST
USER INTERFACE PROCESSING
PROCESS AND
CONTROL FUNCTIONS
Component
Management
Engineer
Design Component
Part Number or
Validation
Menu Selection
Result
Table1.CSV
Master PN and
3D Model Info
Part Number
Table2.CSV
Printer
Analysis (PNA) Tool
Master PN and
Validation
Cross-Ref PN
Result
Data
WKConnectors .
Error
CSV
Message
Design Component
Part Number
Component
Management
Engineer

24. AFD Operator Interface PNA Processing and Control Data Acquisition
View/Print Validation
Design Component Part
Results
Number or Menu Selection
Operator
Interface
subsystem
Display GUI
Per form Analysis
Requested Data
Error
Data Request
Connectivity Check
Application
Message
and
Startup
Instructions
Part Number
subsystem
Analysis
Formatted
subsystem
Validation
MS ACCESS
Result
MS ACCESS
Data Source
Design Component Part
Formatted
Printing
Connectivity
Number, Master Part
Validation
subsystem
subsystem
Number, Cross-Ref Part
Result
Number and Model
Information
Report
Formatting
Data Table
subsystem
Management
Design Component Part
Validation
subsystem
Number, Master Part
Unformatted
Result
PNA
Processing
Number, Cross-Ref Part
Validation
Number and Model
Result
Information
Error Code
Error Code
Error
and Control
Code
MS ACCESS
Error Code
Error Code
Run-time
Diagnostics
Error Code
subsystem
Data Acquisition
Output
Interface
Diagnostic Interface
Interfaces

25. Data Processing 10 1 2 9 8 3 6 5 7 4 CRITERIA:
REPORT 10
TBL_CREATEDWKCONN
WKCONNECTORS
VALIDATION DATA
- UNIQUE PN
- USAGE
COMPARISON RESULT 1 2
TABLE CRITERIA 9
QUERY
CONSTRUCT SUB-TABLES
COMPARE DATA 8 3 6 5
TBL_CREATEDT1 7
TABLE1
QUERY RESULT
CRITERIA:
(1) Do not consider leading zeroes and dashes
(2) Consider leading zeroes and dashes
TBL_CREATEDT2 4
TABLE2
QUERY RESULT

26. Storyboard MULTIPLE PART NUMBER VALIDATION SINGLE PART NUMBER
PART NUMBER ANALYSIS TOOL
Main
(Version / Release Date)
(Logo / Branding)
Part Number Quick Check
Analyze Part Numbers
View / Print Report
Save Report
Exit
Help
Status
Please wait…
Data analysis currently in progress.
Updated when analysis is finished.
Status
Data analysis finished.
Report has been created. OK
PREVIEW REPORT ON SCREEN.
Part Number Quick Check
Analyze
Close
Part Number
Output To
Select format OK
Cancel
HTML
Microsoft Excel
MS-DOS Text
Rich Text format
Snapshot format
SAVE VALIDATION
DATA
Result
Part Number
***
belongs to category X (GOOD/NEW/BAD)
Comments:
(Place Remarks here) OK
MS ACCESS dialog carries out File Save Process
SINGLE PART NUMBER
VALIDATION

27. DFD/CFD Level 0 - Part Number Analysis (PNA) System
WKConnectors.XLS
Spreadsheet Information
CSV File Creation
(WKConnectors.CSV)
Display Monitor
WKConnectors Delimited Text
Information
Report Results
Table1.CSV
PART NUMBER ANALYSIS (PNA) Tool
File
Table1 Delimited Text Information
Report Results
Table2 Delimited Text Information
Table2.CSV
Report Results
Printer
- Command
- PN data
User

28. DFD/CFD Level 1 - Part Number Analysis (PNA) Tool
WKConnectors Delimited Text
information
Report Results
Validation Results
Validate Data
Table1 Delimited Text
information
Process Report
Report Results
Print / Save
Data
Report Results
Table2 Delimited Text
information
- Command
- PN data

29. Analyze/Classify Data
DFD/CFD Level 2 - Validate Data
Make
tbl_createdWKConn
tbl_Classification
WKConnectors Delimited Text
information
Relevant WKConnector
Records
Category
Reference ID
Validation Results
- Command
- PN data
Make WKConn
tbl_createdWKConn
WKConn field data
Component Remarks
Category ID
tbl_createdT1
Analyze/Classify Data
T1 Field data
Relevant T1 Record(s)
Criteria:
- dbs
- strCriteria
- strOrigPN
Print / Save
Data
Criteria:
- dbs
- strOrigPN
Make tbl_createdT1
Table1 Delimited Text
information
T2 Field data
Make tbl_createdT2
tbl_createdT2
Table2 Delimited Text
information
Relevant T2 Record(s)

30. DFD/CFD Level 3 - Make tbl_createdT1
Criteria:
- dbs
- strCriteria
- strOrigPN
qry_Table1UniquePN
Recreate tbl_createdT1
Table1 Delimited Text
information
Relevant T1 Record(s)
Table1 Query Results
DFD/CFD Level 3 - Make tbl_createdT2
Criteria:
- dbs
- strOrigPN
qry_Table2PrelimUnique
Recreate tbl_createdT2
Table2 Delimited Text
information
Table2 Query Results
Relevant
T2Record(s)