1. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
(Sources, Methods, Doses and time of application)
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2. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Introduction
Soil of India are generally poor in fertility and low in organic matter.
Among major nutrients, N deficiency is universal.
The soil health problem is expected to further aggravate with increasing target of food production to meet the food need of ever increasing population of the country.
Thus the important task for integrated nutrient management is the efficient management of the soil to keep it productive through continuous application of fertilizers and organic manures.
For better nutrient use efficiency chemical fertilizers are frequently used by the farmers. In this RLO we will discuss sources, methods, doses and time of application of chemical fertilizers
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3. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Introduction
Chemical fertilizers have been the key elements in enhancing the fruit production in India.
Fertilizer is the macro-micro nutrients carrier which when applied judiciously to soil or foliage meets the nutrient need of the crop. From the point of view of environmental protection the word judicious is very relevant in the nutrient management.
For efficient fertilizer management, split application, appropriate timing, proper placement, etc need to be adopted.
Thus it is important to have an idea about source of nutrient, methods and time of application and placement of fertilizers for better nutrient use efficiency.
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4. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Sources of nitrogen
Fertilizer
N (%)
Urea
46.0
Calcium Ammonium Nitrate
26.0
Ammonium Nitrate
34.0
Ammonium chloride
25.0
Calcium Nitrate
15.5
Ammonium sulphate
20.6
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5. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Sources of phosphorous
Fertilizer
P (%)
Single super phosphate
16.0
Rock phosphate
18.0
Bone meal
20.0
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6. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Source of potassium
Fertilizer
K (%)
Potassium sulphate 52
Potassium chloride 60
Potassium Magnesium Sulphate 22
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7. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Mix fertilizers used as NPK source
Fertilizer
N (%)
P (%)
K (%)
DAP 18 46 -
Potassium Nitrate 13 45
NPK (15:15:15) 15
NPK (10:26:26) 10 26
NPK (12:32:16) 12 32 16
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8. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Sources of micronutrient
Micronutrient
Source
Content (%)
Copper
Copper sulphate 35
Cu EDTA 13
Iron
Ferrous sulphate 20
Basic slag
Boron
Borax 11
Boric acid 17
Manganese
Manganese sulphate 24
Zinc
Zinc sulphate 36
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9. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Doses of Primary Nutrients recommended for Mango
The doses applied in the subsequent years should be increased every year upto 10 years in the multiple of the first year’s dose
Age of Mango plant
(in years)
Nutrient dose (g) N P K 1
100 50 10
1000
500 11
-do-
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10. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Doses of secondary nutrients recommended in Mango
Borax is applied from 5th year at the rate of 125 g/tree and increased 25 g every year.
Age of the plant
(in years)
Nutrient dose (g)
Copper sulphate
Zinc sulphate
Borax 1 25 - 10
250
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11. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Factor for calculating quantity of different fertilizers
Fertilizers
Factor
Nitrogenous fertilizers
Phosphatic fertilizers
Urea
2.17
Single super phosphate
6.25
Calcium ammonium nitrate
3.85
Rock phosphate
5.56
Ammonium nitrate
2.94
Bone meal
5.00
Ammonium chloride
4.0
Potassic fertilizers
Calcium nitrate
6.45
Potassium sulphate
1.92
Ammonium sulphate
4.84
Potassium chloride
1.66
Potassium magnesium sulphate
4.55
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12. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Factor for calculating quantity of different fertilizers
May be given a small numerical example of calculating doses of chemical fertilizers by using these factors (if possible……………)
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13. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Time of application
Non-bearing plants can be supplied fertilizers in several split doses.
This helps in avoiding loss of nutrient through leaching since root system of young plants are not so elaborated.
Bearing trees, apply full quantity of nitrogenous fertilizers, half phosphorous and half potash just after harvesting of fruits in June/July.
The other half quantity of phosphorous and potash should be applied in October with last irrigation.
Foliar application of 3 % urea in sandy soils is recommended before flowering.
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14. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Fertilizer application method
In addition to source of nutrients, time of application and doses, the method of fertilizer application is also important in nutrient management.
Fertilizers must be equally distributed on the root zone area from 30 cm tree trunk to drip line in mango trees.
Drip irrigation in Mango
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15. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Fertilizer application method
After broad casting, fertilizers should be incorporated thoroughly to the soil by cultivating the top soil.
Care should be taken not to damage the roots. Urea must only be applied when the soils are moist otherwise trees must be irrigated immediately after urea application.
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16. Chemical Fertilizers as a component of INM in Mango
Let Us sum up
Timely correction of nutrients deficiency is utmost important for getting maximum yield without deteriorating plant health.
To meet the nutrients requirement of mango tree one can apply different fertilizers. Application of fertilizers at right time and judiciously is very important.
Amount of different fertilizers should be calculated based on nutrients available in those particular fertilizers. Timely application of fertilizers can boost the productivity of the mango.
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