1. The upper & The lower Limbs
The bones of limbs
The upper & The lower Limbs By
Khaled Na3im

2. Include shoulder girdle and bones of
1.The bones of upper limb
Include shoulder girdle and bones of
upper limb.

3. Composition of the upper limb

4. Humerus: Anterior Clavicle Acromion process Greater tubercle
Coracoid process
Lesser tubercle
Scapula
Glenoid fossa
Humerus
Coronoid fossa
Deltoid tuberosity
Medial epicondyle
Lateral epicondyle
Capitulum
Trochlea
Radius
Ulna
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5. Humerus: Anterior2 Clavicle Acromion process Greater tubercle
Coracoid process
Lesser tubercle
Scapula
Glenoid fossa
Humerus
Coronoid fossa
Deltoid tuberosity
Medial epicondyle
Lateral epicondyle
Capitulum
Trochlea
Radius
Ulna

6. Humerus: Posterior Acromion of scapula Head of humerus
Spine of scapula
Greater tubercle
of humerus
Scapula
Glenoid fossa of scapula
Deltoid tuberosity
of humerus
Humerus
Medial epicondyle
of humerus
Lateral epicondyle
of humerus
Olecranon process of ulna
Radius
Ulna
Right Arm, Posterior

7. The shoulder girdle
Clavicle
Scapula

8. Clavicle medial (or sternal) end
lateral (or acromial) end: medial 2/3 is convex

10. Scapula 1.two surfaces ： anterior surface: subscapular fossa
dorsal surface: spine of scapula
acromion
supraspinous fossa
infraspinous fossa
2. three borders:(superior,lateral,medial)
superior border → coracoid process
3. three angles (the superior, inferior and
lateral )
lateral angle →　glenoid cavity
inferior angle →the 7th rib

14. Bones of upper limb 1.Arm:humerus
2.Forearm:radius )is the lateral bone )
ulna ( is the medial bone )
3.Hand: carpal bones are 8
, metacarpal bones are 5
and phalanges ( 14 )

15. The humerus: is a long bone ,has a body (shaft) and two ends (extremities)
The upper (proximal) end : head of humerus
lateral →greater tubercle
anterior →lesser tubercle
surgical neck
Body: deltoid tuberosity
sulcus for radial nerve
The lower end: lateral → capitulum
medial →trochlea
coronoid fossa
olecranon fossa
lateral and medial epicondyles
sulcus for ulnar nerve

16. . Carrying angle …

17. Nerves
related

18. The radius The proximal end: a head…, neck ..and tuberosity ….
The shaft: interosseous border
The distal end: styloid process
The wrist joint is made up between radius and two carpal bones; the ulna does not share in formation of wrist joint .

19. Forearm: Anterior Coronoid fossa of humerus Humerus Lateral epicondyle
Medial epicondyle
of humerus
Capitulum of
humerus
Trochlea of
humerus
Head of radius
Coronoid process
of ulna
Radial tuberosity
Ulna
Radius
Styloid process
of ulna
Styloid process
of radius

20. Coronoid fossa
of humerus
Humerus
Lateral epicondyle
of humerus
Medial epicondyle
of humerus
Capitulum of
humerus
Trochlea of
humerus
Head of radius
Coronoid process
of ulna
Radial tuberosity
Ulna
Radius
Styloid process
of ulna
Styloid process
of radius

21. The ulna The proximal end: olecranon coronoid process trochlear notch
ulnar tuberosity
The shaft: interosseous border
The distal end: a head and
a styloid process

23. include three parts: the carpal bones, the metacarpal bones
The bones of hand
include three parts: the carpal bones,
the metacarpal bones
and phalanges

24. The carpal bones ( the bones of the wrist )
The proximal row： scaphoid, lunate,
triquetral and
pisiform bones
The distal row :trapezium, trapezoid,
capitate and hamate bones

25. Mnemonic for Learning Carpals
She Likes To Play
Lunate
In the moonlight
Scaphoid
A boat
Triquetrum
The third T Bone
Mnemonic for Learning Carpals
Pisiform
Pea-shaped
Hamate
A hambone
With a hook
Trapezium:
“It’s by the thumb”
Capitate
Trapezoid
“Is by its side”
Try To Catch Her

26. The Carpal bones
Some Lovers Try Positions
That They Can't Handle

27. The metacarpal bones Are 5 :
.The metacarpal bones ( short long bones i.e has 3 parts :
a shaft, and 2 ends a head, a base
. The phalanges :
14 in number , two for the thumb and three for each of other digits.

29. Hand Quiz B C D E A F
Hand, Palmar Surface G H K J

30. Hand Quiz Answers B. Metacarpals C. Trapezium A. Phalanges D. Scaphoid
E. Lunate
F. Triquetrum
Hand, Palmar Surface
G. Pisiform
H. Hamate
J. Capitate
K. Trapezoid

32. Anatomical Drawings Copyright Free Anatomical Drawings: Online:
Gray’s Anatomy, 1918: 1250 free drawings with descriptions.
Excellent quality, but heavily labeled.
Carl Bock. Handbuch der Anatomie des Menschen
Put on the web by Ronald A. Bergman
Great drawings; fewer labels than Gray’s.
Old Books (UC Berkeley Biosciences Library: (Xerox, then scan):
Cull, P., Ed. (1989). The Sourcebook of Medical Illustration.
Park Ridge, NJ, Parthenon. Simple line drawings. Copyright free.
Toldt, C. (1907). Anatomischer Atlas fur Studierende und Arzte.
Berlin, Urban & Schwarzenberg.
The Limb Bones Powerpoint uses line drawings from Cull.
This disc has examples of drawings from Gray’s & Bock (skull & pelvis)
Make your own photographs & drawings using our models

33. Medical Mnemonics Some are in books like this:
Goldberg, S. (1984). Clinical Anatomy Made Ridiculously Simple. Miami, FL, MedMaster.
There are many more on the Internet. The best site that I have seen is Medical Mnemonics:
Try making up your own