1. Thin Film Growth Applications -The Art of laying apples- ► Jarrod G Collins ► Klein Forest High School, Houston TX ► Klein ISD ► Faculty Mentor: Dr. Haiyan Wang, Assistant Professor Electrical Engineering

2. How is thin film fundamental to our lives? ► ► Energy ► ► Protection ► ► Electronics ► ► Decoration ► ► Conducting ► ► Storage

3. What kinds of research? ► Types of Engineering 1. Electrical Engineering 2. Materials Science 3. Mechanical Engineering Background on research area Background on research area Thin Film Deposition: It is a thin layer of coating on a substrate or template. Thin Film Deposition: It is a thin layer of coating on a substrate or template. ► Research areas: 1. Microelectronics 2. Solid oxide fuel cells 3. Solar Panels 4. Super conductors 5. Structure Applications

4. Dr. Haiyan Wang, Assistant Professor Dr. Haiyan Wang Assistant Professor Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A & M University wangh@ecetamu.edu Phone: 979-845-5082 Office: 723 Brown ► Education and appointments: 1. B.S. and M.S. in Materials Science and Engineering in China 2. Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering, 2002, North Carolina State University (Raleigh, NC) 3. Postdoc (03-04) and Staff Member (05) at Los Alamos National Laboratory 4. Assistant Professor in Electrical and Computer Engineering (Jan. 2006- August 2010) 5. Staff Member at Los Alamos National Lab (summer 2006)

5. Real World Applications of thin film technology Microelectronics (cpu processors, cell phones, ipod, watches) Solar Panels, Fuel Cells AR (anti-reflective coatings)On cars, jewelry, mirrors, night vision goggles Corrosion/oxidation resistance on cutting tools, chemical factories

6. Research Objective ► Synthesis of Thin film using (PLD) ► Microstructure characterization using (TEM) ► Property characterization using other tools such as SEM, XRD, VMS such as SEM, XRD, VMS ► Our objective is to prepare thin film samples on clean single crystal substrates and utilize (PLD) to deposit thin film layers and analyze growth patterns

7. Overview of Thin Film Deposition Techniques PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) Thermal Evaporation Electro-deposition Magnetron sputtering (DC, RF) Pulsed Laser Deposition MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) APCVD (atmospheric CVD) LPCVD (low-pressure CVD) PECVD (Plasma-enhanced CVD) LECVD (Laser-enhanced CVD) MOCVD (Metal-organic CVD) Solution based deposition techniques Sol-gel PAD (Polymer assisted deposition)

8. The art of laying apples The research is designed to grow thin films in an ordered pattern with similar arrangement and symmetry. When following the ordered pattern, a mismatch is not likely to occur.

9. What causes thin film to grow? Kinetic Energy Pressure Temperature Laser Energy Laser Frequency Type of material Type of Substrate The following Parameters will result in a desired organized, carefully placed, high quality layer of thin film

10. Research Cycle (Data Generation) Synthesis Characterization Structure & Property Correlation

11. Overview of Methods Synthesis Pulsed Laser Deposition Laser absorbs energy Laser evaporates target and deposits to substrate

12. Characterization In-Situ TEM nanoindentation Make TEM sample make indentation (inside microscope) Analyze characteristics

13. Structure & Property Correlation ► ► Vibrating sample magnetometer used to measure magnetic properties ► ► Physical property measurement system view film properties & make a decision as to what changes need to be made in order to get higher quality films

14. Structure & Property Correlation ► X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Method of determining the arrangement of atoms in a crystal Method of determining the arrangement of atoms in a crystal ► Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Powerful type of microscope, which can see objects 10,000 bigger Powerful type of microscope, which can see objects 10,000 bigger

15. Summary The goal of our research is to grow high quality thin films by sustaining an ordered foundation. The substrate needs to be a high quality single crystal with the same lattice structure and the same arrangement pattern at the right time under right conditions. Classroom ideas thin film creation sunscreen concept experiment painting display experiment

16. Acknowledgements National Science Foundation Nuclear Power Institute (NPI) Texas Workforce Commission (TWC) Chevron corporation Texas A&M University Engineering department Dr. Wang and Dr. Zhang Zhenxing Bi Ph.D. Candidate Joon Hwan Lee Ph.D. Candidate Logan Lu Ph.D. Candidate Chenfong Tsai Ph.D. Candidate The entire E3 faculty All of the E3 Participants

17. Any Questions?