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Published byRobert Armstrong Modified over 9 years ago
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Rocks and Minerals
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What is a rock? A rock is made up of 2 or more minerals. All rocks are made of minerals. There are 3 types of rocks: –Sedimentary –Metamorphic –Igneous
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What is a mineral? The same all the way through.
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3 Types of Rocks Sedimentary Metamorphic Igneous
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Sedimentary –Made up of layers of material called sediment. (Like pages of a book) –Result of pressure. –Usually formed at the bottom of streams, rivers, lakes and ponds. –Examples are sandstone and shale.
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Metamorphic These are rocks that have changed in some way due to movement in the earth. Happens through heat and pressure. “morph” means change. Marble-changed limestone
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Igneous Made from fire and heat. Made from cooled magma or lava from volcanoes.
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Rock Cycle Each type of rock changes over time and becomes a new rock through erosion, earth movement and extreme heat.
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Erosion When rocks are broken apart into smaller pieces due to weathering.(water, wind, temperature)
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Fossils The remains of ancient animals and plants. Has to be at least 10,000 years old. Most common fossils are bone, teeth, claws and footprints. 4 types: –Mold, cast, trace, true form
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Properties and Characteristics Rocks and minerals can be classified based on different properties. Examples of these properties are: –Color –Luster- How shiny is it? –Texture- How does it feel? –Size –Weight –Hardness –Cleavage- How does it break apart?
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Fluorescent Minerals Fluorescence- Property of producing light.
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How are rocks and minerals used? Rocks and minerals are used in a variety of ways. Examples include: –Building materials –Machines –Food –Decorations –Jewelry
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