1. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROLRoses Application of the Phytomonitoring techniques for adjustment and validation of climate and irrigation regimes Phytech Ltd. 2003

2. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Phytomonitoring is an operative information channel based on direct measurement of plant condition

3. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Air Temperature and Humidity Sensor and Humidity Sensor Air Temperature and Humidity Sensor and Humidity Sensor Soil Moisture Sensor Data Repeater Recommended setup for Roses PhytoGraph™ Software 2 x Stem Diameter Sensor (0 to 5 mm stroke) 2 x Stem Diameter Sensor (0 to 5 mm stroke) Solar Radiation Sensor Sap Flow Sensor (OPTIONAL) (OPTIONAL) Leaf Temperature Sensor (OPTIONAL) (OPTIONAL)

4. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Greenhouse Roses: The use of the phytomonitoring in climate and irrigation control practice n Adjustment of the Irrigation Rate n Nighttime air dryness effect: diagnostics and control of elimination. n Excess of salinity: diagnostics and control of elimination n Control of growth rate by air temperature. n Dewfall warning and control.

5. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Adjustment of irrigation schedule Call for measures: Negative stem diameter trend Midday depression of transpiration Probable cause: Lack of water Trial action: Increased irrigation rate since February 27 Adjustment of the Irrigation Rate (Example 1)

6. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Adjustment of irrigation schedule Results of the trial: Increase of Soil moisture level Uptrend of stem diameter Higher transpiration rate No midday depression of transpiration Conclusion: Positive effect of new irrigation regime Adjustment of the Irrigation Rate (Example 1)

7. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Adjustment of irrigation schedule Call for measures : Instant response of stem diameter to the daytime watering (2 nd daily one) Probable cause : Lack of water before the 2 nd watering Trial action: Three waterings a day with higher daytime rate since November 8 Adjustment of the Irrigation Rate (Example 2)

8. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Adjustment of irrigation schedule Conclusion: Positive effect of new irrigation regime Results of the trial : Lesser Diameter contraction amplitude Uptrend of stem diameter No instant response of stem diameter to irrigation 40 µ/day 55 µ/day Adjustment of the Irrigation Rate (Example 2)

9. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Nighttime air drought effect Adjustment of irrigation schedule Probable cause : Lack of water at night Trial action : Supplemental nighttime watering since February 18 Call for measures : Depression of stem diameter growth at night

10. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Adjustment of irrigation schedule Results of the trial : Apparent effect of the first supplemental nighttime watering Uptrend of stem diameter Nighttime stem diameter growth Conclusion: Positive effect of new irrigation regime Nighttime air drought effect

11. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Adjustment of irrigation schedule Call for measures : Nighttime air dryness Negative stem diameter trend Probable cause : Lack of water at night Trial action : Additional nighttime watering on October 15 Diagnostics and elimination of the excess of salinity Soil Moisture not scaled

12. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Adjustment of irrigation schedule Results of the trial : Continued negative stem diameter trend (no effect of the trial action). Next probable cause: Excess of salinity in substrate Trial action : Flushing of substrate on October 17 Soil Moisture not scaled Diagnostics and elimination of the excess of salinity

13. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Adjustment of irrigation schedule Results of the trial : Uptrend of stem diameter Conclusion : Flushing was favourable. To repeat if necessary Soil Moisture not scaled Diagnostics and elimination of the excess of salinity

14. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Diagnostics and elimination of the excess of salinity Adjustment of irrigation schedule Soil Moisture not scaled Regular flushing based on Phytomonitoring indications Soil moisture Trunk

15. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Control of growth rate by air temperature Adjustment of climate control Grower’s demand: To slow down stem growth rate on the eve of Valentine Trial action : Air temperature reduced since January 13

16. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Adjustment of climate control Results of the trial : No effect on stem diameter trend Control of growth rate by air temperature Trial action : Air temperature reduced since January 13 Grower’s demand: To slow down stem growth rate on the eve of Valentine

17. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Adjustment of climate control Conclusion: The goal was reached Results of the trial : Deceleration of stem diameter growth rate Control of growth rate by air temperature Next action: Elevated nighttime temperature since January 16 (for reducing net dry matter accumulation)

18. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL An example of effective dew control by combination of heating and ventilation. Leaf temperature exceeds DPT despite cooling effect on the leaf. Dewfall warning and control By comparison of leaf temperature (LT) and dew point temperature (DPT), calculated by PhytoGraph An example of ineffective dew control by combination of heating and ventilation. Leaf temperature is below both air temperature and DPT that may cause dewfall on leaves. RH Air T DPT Leaf T

19. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROLSummary: The recommended PhyTalk Decision-Support unit (DSU) for greenhouse roses includes the following sensors: 2 x Trunk diameter sensors (0-5 mm stroke; 1-2 µm resolution) 1x Leaf temperature sensor (optional) 1 x Sap flow sensor (optional) 1 x Solar radiation sensor 1 x Soil moisture sensors 1 x Air Temperature and Humidity Sensor This DSU allows adjusting irrigation and climate regime according to the trunk diameter trend, stem daily contraction and sap flow diurnal curve. Comparison of the dew point temperature, calculated automatically by PhytoGraph software, with the leaf and air temperature is useful for dewfall control in greenhouses.